视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白

视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白（英語：retinoblastoma protein，常缩写为Rb、RB或RB1）又译为成视网膜细胞瘤蛋白是一种抑癌蛋白，并在几种主要的癌症发生时失活^[6]。Rb的功能之一是通过抑制细胞周期进程直到细胞准备妥当来防止细胞过度生长。当细胞准备好要分裂时，Rb蛋白会被磷酸化为pRb而失去抑制活性，从而使细胞周期进行下去。

视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白
已知的結構 PDB 直系同源搜索: PDBe RCSB PDBID列表 1AD6、​1GH6、​1GUX、​1H25、​1N4M、​1O9K、​1PJM、​2AZE、​2QDJ、​2R7G、​3N5U、​3POM、​4ELJ、​4ELL、​4CRI
識別號
别名	RB1；, pRb, RB, retinoblastoma 1, OSRC, PPP1R130, p105-Rb, pp110, Retinoblastoma protein, RB transcriptional corepressor 1, p110-RB1
外部ID	OMIM：614041 MGI：97874 HomoloGene：272 GeneCards：RB1
相關疾病
膀胱癌、​lung small cell carcinoma、​familial retinoblastoma^[1]
基因位置（人类） 染色体 13號染色體^[2] 基因座 13q14.2 起始 48,303,744 bp^[2] 终止 48,599,436 bp^[2]
基因位置（小鼠） 染色体 小鼠14号染色体^[3] 基因座 14 38.73 cM|14 D3 起始 73,421,113 bp^[3] 终止 73,563,262 bp^[3]
RNA表达模式
查阅更多表达数据
基因本體 分子功能 • DNA结合 • DNA结合转录因子活性 • 转录共激活因子活性 • 转录因子结合 • 磷蛋白结合 • 激酶结合 • 血浆蛋白结合 • 雄激素受体结合 • 相同蛋白质结合 • 酶结合 • 泛素蛋白连接酶结合 • importin-α家族蛋白结合 • 无序域特异性结合 • 核心启动子近端区域序列特异性DNA结合 • DNA结合转录阻遏物活性，RNA聚合酶II特异性 細胞組分 • PML body • SWI/SNF complex • 轉錄調節複合物 • 纺锤体 • cyclin/CDK positive transcription elongation factor complex • 染色质 • 细胞核 • 核质 • Rb-E2F complex 生物學過程 • negative regulation of cell population proliferation • negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle • neuron apoptotic process • androgen receptor signaling pathway • 染色体重建 • negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway • negative regulation of protein kinase activity • cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation • mitotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling • regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II • positive regulation of macrophage differentiation • cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus • negative regulation of cell cycle • negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity • transcription, DNA-templated • glial cell apoptotic process • regulation of cohesin loading • regulation of cell cycle • neuron maturation • 細胞分裂 • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle • positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition • regulation of centromere complex assembly • enucleate erythrocyte differentiation • neuron differentiation • regulation of mitotic cell cycle • negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation • skeletal muscle cell differentiation • sister chromatid biorientation • protein localization to chromosome, centromeric region • 細胞週期 • striated muscle cell differentiation • Ras protein signal transduction • myoblast differentiation • viral process • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • neuron projection development • digestive tract development • maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion • regulation of lipid kinase activity • positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II • hepatocyte apoptotic process • 细胞凋亡 • positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding • negative regulation of gene expression • regulation of cell growth • tissue homeostasis • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle • negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II • negative regulation of transcription involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle • chromatin organization • aortic valve morphogenesis • negative regulation of inflammatory response • positive regulation of extracellular matrix organization • positive regulation of collagen fibril organization • negative regulation of myofibroblast differentiation • 细胞分化 • negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis • negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity • negative regulation of tau-protein kinase activity • negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源
物種	人類	小鼠
Entrez	5925	19645
Ensembl	ENSG00000139687	ENSMUSG00000022105
UniProt	P06400	P13405
mRNA​序列	NM_000321	NM_009029
蛋白序列	NP_000312 NP_000312.2	NP_033055
基因位置​（UCSC）	Chr 13: 48.3 – 48.6 Mb	Chr 14: 73.42 – 73.56 Mb
PubMed​查找	^[4]	^[5]
維基數據
檢視/編輯人類 檢視/編輯小鼠

Rb是袋状蛋白家族的一员，其特点是有一个口袋状的结构用以结合其它蛋白^[7][8]。使得一些致癌变蛋白，比如高危险群人类乳突病毒所感染的细胞产生的蛋白，结合并抑制pRb，最终导致癌症。

相互作用

已知Rb蛋白与下列蛋白质有相互作用关系：

• Abl gene^[9][10]
• Androgen receptor^[11][12]
• Apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor^[13][14]
• ARID4A^[15]
• 芳香烃受体^[16]
• BRCA1^[17][18][19]
• BRF1^[20][21]
• C-jun^[22]
• C-Raf^[23][24]
• CDK9^[25]
• CUTL1^[26]
• 周期蛋白A1^[27]
• 周期蛋白D1^[28][29]
• 周期蛋白T2^[25]
• DNMT1^[30]
• E2F1^{[31][32][33][34][35][36][37]}
• E2F2,^[38]
• E4F1^[34]
• EID1^[39][40]
• ENC1^[41]
• FRK^[42]
• HBP1^[43]
• HDAC1^{[15][44][45][46][47][48][49]}
• HDAC3^[15][50]
• Histone deacetylase 2^[15]
• 胰岛素^[51]
• JARID1A^[52][53]
• LIN9^[54]
• MCM7^[55]
• MORF4L1^[32][56]
• MRFAP1,^[32][56]
• MyoD^[57][58]
• NCOA6^[59]
• PA2G4^[60]
• 过氧化物酶体增殖物活化受体γ^[50]
• PIK3R3^[61]
• Plasminogen activator inhibitor-2^[62]
• Polymerase (DNA directed), alpha 1^[63]
• PRDM2^[64]
• PRKRA^[65]
• Prohibitin^[24][66]
• 早幼粒细胞白血病蛋白^[67]
• RBBP4^[31][68]
• RBBP7^[19][68]
• RBBP8^[44][69]
• RBBP9^[70]
• SNAPC1^[71]
• SKP2^[72][73]
• SNAPC3^[71]
• SNW1^[74]
• SUV39H1^[75][76]
• TAF1^{[28][77][78][79]}
• THOC1^[80]
• TRAP1^[81]
• TRIP11^[82]
• UBTF^[83]
• USP4.^[84]

 

细胞凋亡中涉及的信号通路一览

参考文献

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视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白引用了美国国家医学图书馆提供的資料，这些資料属于公共领域。

延伸阅读

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• Simin K, Wu H, Lu L; et al. pRb Inactivation in Mammary Cells Reveals Common Mechanisms for Tumor Initiation and Progression in Divergent Epithelia. PLoS Biol. 2006, 2 (2): E22. PMC 340938  . PMID 14966529. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020022.  引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link)
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• Clemo NK, Arhel NJ, Barnes JD; et al. The role of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb) in the nuclear localization of BAG-1: implications for colorectal tumour cell survival. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 2005, 33 (Pt 4): 676–8. PMID 16042572. doi:10.1042/BST0330676.  引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link)
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外部链接

• 醫學主題詞表（MeSH）：RB1+protein,+human
• 醫學主題詞表（MeSH）：Retinoblastoma+genes
• GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on Retinoblastoma （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Retinoblastoma Genetics （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Drosophila Retinoblastoma-family protein - The Interactive Fly （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Drosophila Retinoblastoma-family protein 2 - The Interactive Fly （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Evolutionary Homologs Retinoblastoma-family proteins - The Interactive Fly （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• There is a diagram of the pRb-E2F interactions here^{[永久失效連結]}.

参见

• p53：参与pRb的DNA修复功能
• 轉錄輔助調節因子(transcription coregulator)
• 视网膜母细胞瘤