^Kaufman S. Tyrosine hydroxylase. Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol. 1995, 70: 103–220. PMID 8638482. doi:10.1002/9780470123164.ch3.
^ 2.02.1Nagatsu T. Tyrosine hydroxylase: human isoforms, structure and regulation in physiology and pathology. Essays Biochem. 1995, 30: 15–35. PMID 8822146.
^Hedstrand H, Ekwall O, Haavik J, Landgren E, Betterle C, Perheentupa J, Gustafsson J, Husebye E, Rorsman F, Kämpe O. Identification of tyrosine hydroxylase as an autoantigen in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. January 2000, 267 (1): 456–61. PMID 10623641. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.1945.
^Ono M, Okamoto M, Kawabe N, Umezawa H, Takeuchi T. Oudenone, a novel tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor from microbial origin. J. Am. Chem. Soc. March 1971, 93 (5): 1285–6. PMID 5545929. doi:10.1021/ja00734a054.
^Ayukawa S, Takeuchi T, Sezaki M, Hara T, Umezawa H. Inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase by aquayamycin. J. Antibiot. May 1968, 21 (5): 350–3. PMID 5726288.
深入阅读
Masserano JM, Weiner N. Tyrosine hydroxylase regulation in the central nervous system.. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1983, 53–54 (1-2): 129–52. PMID 6137760. doi:10.1007/BF00225250.
Meloni R, Biguet NF, Mallet J. Post-genomic era and gene discovery for psychiatric diseases: there is a new art of the trade? The example of the HUMTH01 microsatellite in the Tyrosine Hydroxylase gene.. Mol. Neurobiol. 2002, 26 (2-3): 389–403. PMID 12428766. doi:10.1385/MN:26:2-3:389.
Joh TH, Park DH, Reis DJ. Direct phosphorylation of brain tyrosine hydroxylase by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase: mechanism of enzyme activation.. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1979, 75 (10): 4744–8. PMC 336196. PMID 33381. doi:10.1073/pnas.75.10.4744.
Haycock JW, Ahn NG, Cobb MH, Krebs EG. ERK1 and ERK2, two microtubule-associated protein 2 kinases, mediate the phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase at serine-31 in situ.. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1992, 89 (6): 2365–9. PMC 48658. PMID 1347949. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.6.2365.
Haycock JW. Phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase in situ at serine 8, 19, 31, and 40.. J. Biol. Chem. 1990, 265 (20): 11682–91. PMID 1973163.
Craig SP, Buckle VJ, Lamouroux A; et al. Localization of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene to 11p15: gene duplication and evolution of metabolic pathways.. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 1986, 42 (1-2): 29–32. PMID 2872999. doi:10.1159/000132246. 引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link)
Grima B, Lamouroux A, Boni C; et al. A single human gene encoding multiple tyrosine hydroxylases with different predicted functional characteristics.. Nature. 1987, 326 (6114): 707–11. PMID 2882428. doi:10.1038/326707a0. 引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link)
Kaneda N, Kobayashi K, Ichinose H; et al. Isolation of a novel cDNA clone for human tyrosine hydroxylase: alternative RNA splicing produces four kinds of mRNA from a single gene.. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1987, 146 (3): 971–5. PMID 2887169. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(87)90742-X. 引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link)
Kobayashi K, Kaneda N, Ichinose H; et al. Isolation of a full-length cDNA clone encoding human tyrosine hydroxylase type 3.. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987, 15 (16): 6733. PMC 306135. PMID 2888085. doi:10.1093/nar/15.16.6733. 引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link)
O'Malley KL, Anhalt MJ, Martin BM; et al. Isolation and characterization of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene: identification of 5' alternative splice sites responsible for multiple mRNAs.. Biochemistry. 1988, 26 (22): 6910–4. PMID 2892528. doi:10.1021/bi00396a007. 引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link)
Le Bourdellès B, Boularand S, Boni C; et al. Analysis of the 5' region of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene: combinatorial patterns of exon splicing generate multiple regulated tyrosine hydroxylase isoforms.. J. Neurochem. 1988, 50 (3): 988–91. PMID 2892893. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb03009.x. 引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link)
Ginns EI, Rehavi M, Martin BM; et al. Expression of human tyrosine hydroxylase cDNA in invertebrate cells using a baculovirus vector.. J. Biol. Chem. 1988, 263 (15): 7406–10. PMID 2896667. 引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link)
Kobayashi K, Kaneda N, Ichinose H; et al. Structure of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene: alternative splicing from a single gene accounts for generation of four mRNA types.. J. Biochem. 1988, 103 (6): 907–12. PMID 2902075. 引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link)
Coker GT, Vinnedge L, O'Malley KL. Characterization of rat and human tyrosine hydroxylase genes: functional expression of both promoters in neuronal and non-neuronal cell types.. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1989, 157 (3): 1341–7. PMID 2905129. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(88)81022-2.
Vulliet PR, Woodgett JR, Cohen P. Phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase by calmodulin-dependent multiprotein kinase.. J. Biol. Chem. 1984, 259 (22): 13680–3. PMID 6150037.
Zhou QY, Quaife CJ, Palmiter RD. Targeted disruption of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene reveals that catecholamines are required for mouse fetal development.. Nature. 1995, 374 (6523): 640–3. PMID 7715703. doi:10.1038/374640a0.
Lüdecke B, Bartholomé K. Frequent sequence variant in the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene.. Hum. Genet. 1995, 95 (6): 716. PMID 7789962. doi:10.1007/BF00209496.
Lüdecke B, Dworniczak B, Bartholomé K. A point mutation in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene associated with Segawa's syndrome.. Hum. Genet. 1995, 95 (1): 123–5. PMID 7814018. doi:10.1007/BF00225091.
Knappskog PM, Flatmark T, Mallet J; et al. Recessively inherited L-DOPA-responsive dystonia caused by a point mutation (Q381K) in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene.. Hum. Mol. Genet. 1996, 4 (7): 1209–12. PMID 8528210. doi:10.1093/hmg/4.7.1209. 引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link)
外部链接
GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on Tyrosine Hydroxylase Deficiency including Tyrosine Hydroxylase-Deficient Dopa-Responsive Dystonia or Segawa Syndrome and Autosomal Recessive Infantile Parkinsonism （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
酪氨酸羟化酶, 英語, tyrosine, hydroxylase, 或酪氨酸3, 单加氧酶, 英語, tyrosine, monooxygenase, 是负责催化氨基酸l, 酪氨酸转变为二羟基苯丙氨酸, 多巴, 的酶, 因此它使用四氢生物蝶呤作为辅酶, 多巴是多巴胺的一个前体, 相应地, 后者亦是去甲肾上腺素与肾上腺素的前体, 在人体中, 由th基因编码出来, 有效结构pdb, 直系同源检索, pdbe, rcsbpdb查询代码列表1toh, 与2toh标识代号th, tyh扩展标识遗传学, 191290, 鼠基. 酪氨酸羟化酶 英語 Tyrosine hydroxylase 或酪氨酸3 单加氧酶 英語 tyrosine 3 monooxygenase 是负责催化氨基酸L 酪氨酸转变为二羟基苯丙氨酸 多巴 的酶 1 2 因此它使用四氢生物蝶呤作为辅酶 多巴是多巴胺的一个前体 相应地 后者亦是去甲肾上腺素与肾上腺素的前体 在人体中 酪氨酸羟化酶由TH基因编码出来 2 酪氨酸羟化酶有效结构PDB 直系同源检索 PDBe RCSBPDB查询代码列表1toh 与2toh标识代号TH TYH扩展标识遗传学 191290 鼠基因 98735 同源基因 307 GeneCards TH GeneEC編號1 14 16 2基因本体论描述分子功能 单加氧酶活性 酪氨酸3 单加氧酶活性 铁离子结合 金属离子结合细胞成分 细胞核 细胞质生物过程 突触传递 多巴胺能 突触传递 心脏发育 学习 记忆 交配行为 运动器官行为 心脏收缩规律 芳香族氨基酸代谢过程 器官形态发生 神经递质生物合成过程 儿茶酚胺生物合成过程 饮食行为Sources Amigo QuickGORNA表达模式更多表达数据直系同源体物种人类小鼠Entrez705421823EnsemblENSG00000180176ENSMUSG00000000214UniProtP07101Q3UTB3mRNA序列NM 000360NM 009377蛋白序列NP 000351NP 033403基因位置Chr 11 2 14 2 15 MbChr 7 142 7 142 71 MbPubMed查询 1 2 查论编 目录 1 反应 2 临床意义 3 参考文献 4 深入阅读 5 外部链接反应 编辑此加氧酶被发现与所有含儿茶酚胺的细胞溶质中 此起始步骤是产生儿茶酚胺的限速步骤 此酶有高度地特异性 不会接受吲哚的衍生物 这一点确实与许多其他涉及到产生儿茶酚胺的酶迥异的地方 酪氨酸羟化酶催化酪氨酸生成二羟基苯丙氨酸临床意义 编辑酪氨酸羟化酶可以被药物a 甲基 对 酪氨酸 甲基酪氨酸 所抑制 此抑制作用可以导致脑部多巴胺与去甲肾上腺素的消耗 这是因为缺乏前体L 多巴 L 3 4 二羟基苯丙氨酸 此物质可以由酪氨酸羟化酶所合成 此药很少被使用并会导致抑郁 但它在治疗嗜铬细胞瘤以及抗高血压方面很有用处 多巴胺 在自體免疫性多内分泌腺病综合征 APS I型中 酪氨酸羟化酶是一个自身抗原 3 在文献中提到的抑制剂的老例子是奥德么酮 4 与水绫霉素 5 参考文献 编辑 Kaufman S Tyrosine hydroxylase Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol 1995 70 103 220 PMID 8638482 doi 10 1002 9780470123164 ch3 2 0 2 1 Nagatsu T Tyrosine hydroxylase human isoforms structure and regulation in physiology and pathology Essays Biochem 1995 30 15 35 PMID 8822146 Hedstrand H Ekwall O Haavik J Landgren E Betterle C Perheentupa J Gustafsson J Husebye E Rorsman F Kampe O Identification of tyrosine hydroxylase as an autoantigen in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I Biochem Biophys Res Commun January 2000 267 1 456 61 PMID 10623641 doi 10 1006 bbrc 1999 1945 Ono M Okamoto M Kawabe N Umezawa H Takeuchi T Oudenone a novel tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor from microbial origin J Am Chem Soc March 1971 93 5 1285 6 PMID 5545929 doi 10 1021 ja00734a054 Ayukawa S Takeuchi T Sezaki M Hara T Umezawa H Inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase by aquayamycin J Antibiot May 1968 21 5 350 3 PMID 5726288 深入阅读 编辑Masserano JM Weiner N Tyrosine hydroxylase regulation in the central nervous system Mol Cell Biochem 1983 53 54 1 2 129 52 PMID 6137760 doi 10 1007 BF00225250 Meloni R Biguet NF Mallet J Post genomic era and gene discovery for psychiatric diseases there is a new art of the trade The example of the HUMTH01 microsatellite in the Tyrosine Hydroxylase gene Mol Neurobiol 2002 26 2 3 389 403 PMID 12428766 doi 10 1385 MN 26 2 3 389 Joh TH Park DH Reis DJ Direct phosphorylation of brain tyrosine hydroxylase by cyclic AMP dependent protein kinase mechanism of enzyme activation Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1979 75 10 4744 8 PMC 336196 PMID 33381 doi 10 1073 pnas 75 10 4744 Haycock JW Ahn NG Cobb MH Krebs EG ERK1 and ERK2 two microtubule associated protein 2 kinases mediate the phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase at serine 31 in situ Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992 89 6 2365 9 PMC 48658 PMID 1347949 doi 10 1073 pnas 89 6 2365 Haycock JW Phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase in situ at serine 8 19 31 and 40 J Biol Chem 1990 265 20 11682 91 PMID 1973163 Craig SP Buckle VJ Lamouroux A et al Localization of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene to 11p15 gene duplication and evolution of metabolic pathways Cytogenet Cell Genet 1986 42 1 2 29 32 PMID 2872999 doi 10 1159 000132246 引文格式1维护 显式使用等标签 link Grima B Lamouroux A Boni C et al A single human gene encoding multiple tyrosine hydroxylases with different predicted functional characteristics Nature 1987 326 6114 707 11 PMID 2882428 doi 10 1038 326707a0 引文格式1维护 显式使用等标签 link Kaneda N Kobayashi K Ichinose H et al Isolation of a novel cDNA clone for human tyrosine hydroxylase alternative RNA splicing produces four kinds of mRNA from a single gene Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1987 146 3 971 5 PMID 2887169 doi 10 1016 0006 291X 87 90742 X 引文格式1维护 显式使用等标签 link Kobayashi K Kaneda N Ichinose H et al Isolation of a full length cDNA clone encoding human tyrosine hydroxylase type 3 Nucleic Acids Res 1987 15 16 6733 PMC 306135 PMID 2888085 doi 10 1093 nar 15 16 6733 引文格式1维护 显式使用等标签 link O Malley KL Anhalt MJ Martin BM et al Isolation and characterization of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene identification of 5 alternative splice sites responsible for multiple mRNAs Biochemistry 1988 26 22 6910 4 PMID 2892528 doi 10 1021 bi00396a007 引文格式1维护 显式使用等标签 link Le Bourdelles B Boularand S Boni C et al Analysis of the 5 region of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene combinatorial patterns of exon splicing generate multiple regulated tyrosine hydroxylase isoforms J Neurochem 1988 50 3 988 91 PMID 2892893 doi 10 1111 j 1471 4159 1988 tb03009 x 引文格式1维护 显式使用等标签 link Ginns EI Rehavi M Martin BM et al Expression of human tyrosine hydroxylase cDNA in invertebrate cells using a baculovirus vector J Biol Chem 1988 263 15 7406 10 PMID 2896667 引文格式1维护 显式使用等标签 link Kobayashi K Kaneda N Ichinose H et al Structure of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene alternative splicing from a single gene accounts for generation of four mRNA types J Biochem 1988 103 6 907 12 PMID 2902075 引文格式1维护 显式使用等标签 link Coker GT Vinnedge L O Malley KL Characterization of rat and human tyrosine hydroxylase genes functional expression of both promoters in neuronal and non neuronal cell types Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1989 157 3 1341 7 PMID 2905129 doi 10 1016 S0006 291X 88 81022 2 Vulliet PR Woodgett JR Cohen P Phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase by calmodulin dependent multiprotein kinase J Biol Chem 1984 259 22 13680 3 PMID 6150037 Zhou QY Quaife CJ Palmiter RD Targeted disruption of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene reveals that catecholamines are required for mouse fetal development Nature 1995 374 6523 640 3 PMID 7715703 doi 10 1038 374640a0 Ludecke B Bartholome K Frequent sequence variant in the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene Hum Genet 1995 95 6 716 PMID 7789962 doi 10 1007 BF00209496 Ludecke B Dworniczak B Bartholome K A point mutation in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene associated with Segawa s syndrome Hum Genet 1995 95 1 123 5 PMID 7814018 doi 10 1007 BF00225091 Knappskog PM Flatmark T Mallet J et al Recessively inherited L DOPA responsive dystonia caused by a point mutation Q381K in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene Hum Mol Genet 1996 4 7 1209 12 PMID 8528210 doi 10 1093 hmg 4 7 1209 引文格式1维护 显式使用等标签 link 外部链接 编辑GeneReviews NIH NCBI UW entry on Tyrosine Hydroxylase Deficiency including Tyrosine Hydroxylase Deficient Dopa Responsive Dystonia or Segawa Syndrome and Autosomal Recessive Infantile Parkinsonism 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 醫學主題詞表 MeSH Tyrosine hydroxylase 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 酪氨酸羟化酶 amp oldid 72898852, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，
