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19-去甲睾酮

十月 16, 2023

19-去甲睾酮（英語：19-nortestosterone）也被称为诺龙（Nandrolone）是一种雄激素和同化類固醇（AAS）。其酯类衍生物（如其苯丙酸酯、癸酸酯等[2][10][6][11]）常作为贫血、惡病體質、骨質疏鬆症、乳癌的治疗药物[6]，不能通过口服给药，只能进行肌肉注射给药[6][11]。

19-去甲睾酮
臨床資料
读音/ˈnændrəloʊn/[1]
商品名（英语：Drug nomenclature）• Deca-Durabolin (as ND)
• Durabolin (as NPP)
• Many others (see here)
其他名稱• 19-Nortestosterone
• 10-Nortestosterone
• Estr-4-en-17β-ol-3-one
• Estrenolone / Oestrenolone
• 19-Norandrost-4-en-17β-ol-3-one
• Norandrostenolone
• Nortestrionate / Nortestonate
• SG-4341[2]
懷孕分級
  • 澳: D
给药途径• Intramuscular injection (esters)
• Eye drops (as NS)
藥物類別（英语：Drug class）Androgen; Anabolic steroid; Progestogen
ATC碼
  • A14AB01 (WHO) S01XA11
法律規範狀態
法律規範
藥物動力學數據
生物利用度• Oral: <3% (pigs)[3]
• Intramuscular: high[4]
药物代谢Liver (reduction)[5][7]
代謝產物• 5α-Dihydronandrolone[5][6]
• 19-Norandrosterone[5]
• 19-Noretiocholanolone[5]
• Conjugates[7]
生物半衰期• Nandrolone: <4.3 hours[5]
• ND (IM): 6–12 days[5][6][8]
• NPP: 2.7 days[8]
作用時間• ND (IM): 2–3 weeks[6][9]
• NPP (IM): 5–7 days[6][8]
排泄途徑Urine[5]
识别信息
  • (8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-17-hydroxy-13-methyl-2,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one
CAS号434-22-0  
PubChem CID
  • 9904
IUPHAR/BPS
  • 6949
ChemSpider
  • 9520 
UNII
  • 6PG9VR430D
ChEBI
  • CHEBI:7466 
ChEMBL
  • ChEMBL757 
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)
  • DTXSID7023350
ECHA InfoCard100.006.457
化学信息
化学式C18H26O2
摩尔质量274.404 g/mol
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））
  • 交互式图像
  • O=C4\C=C2/[C@@H]([C@H]1CC[C@@]3([C@@H](O)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]1CC2)C)CC4
  • InChI=1S/C18H26O2/c1-18-9-8-14-13-5-3-12(19)10-11(13)2-4-15(14)16(18)6-7-17(18)20/h10,13-17,20H,2-9H2,1H3/t13-,14+,15+,16-,17-,18-/m0/s1 
  • Key:NPAGDVCDWIYMMC-IZPLOLCNSA-N 

由于19-去甲睾酮是雄激素睾酮的去甲基化类似物，因此它能作为睾酮和双氢睾酮（DHT）的生物学靶点——雄激素受体（AR）的激动剂[6][12]，在人体内引起一些雄性化症狀，如痤疮、毛发增长、声音嘶哑、性欲增强等副作用[6]。相比较而言，19-去甲睾酮的一些酯化产物蛋白同化活性较强，而雄激素活性较弱，可以作为适用于妇女儿童的较温和药物[6][12][13]，以及具有缓释作用的前体药物[6]。

参考文献 编辑

  1. ^ Nandrolone Meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary. [2019-02-15]. （原始内容于2015-02-09）. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 J. Elks. The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Springer. 14 November 2014: 660–. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3. 
  3. ^ McEvoy JD, McVeigh CE, McCaughey WJ. Residues of nortestosterone esters at injection sites. Part 1. Oral bioavailability. Analyst. 1998, 123 (12): 2475–8. PMID 10435281. doi:10.1039/a804919j. 
  4. ^ Kenneth L. Becker. Principles and Practice of Endocrinology and Metabolism. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2001: 1185– [2019-02-15]. ISBN 978-0-7817-1750-2. （原始内容于2020-05-17）. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 存档副本 (PDF). [2019-02-15]. （原始内容 (PDF)于2020-11-11）. 
  6. ^ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 William Llewellyn. Anabolics. Molecular Nutrition Llc. 2011: 402–412, 460–467, 193–194. ISBN 978-0-9828280-1-4. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 John A. Thomas. Drugs, Athletes, and Physical Performance. Springer Science & Business Media. 6 December 2012: 27–29. ISBN 978-1-4684-5499-4. 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Minto CF, Howe C, Wishart S, Conway AJ, Handelsman DJ. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nandrolone esters in oil vehicle: effects of ester, injection site and injection volume. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1997, 281 (1): 93–102. PMID 9103484. 
  9. ^ 存档副本 (PDF). [2019-02-15]. （原始内容 (PDF)于2019-03-09）. 
  10. ^ Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory. Taylor & Francis. January 2000: 716–. ISBN 978-3-88763-075-1. 
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 Walter Sneader. Drug Discovery: A History. John Wiley & Sons. 23 June 2005: 206–. ISBN 978-0-471-89979-2. 
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 Kicman AT. Pharmacology of anabolic steroids. Br. J. Pharmacol. 2008, 154 (3): 502–21. PMC 2439524  . PMID 18500378. doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.165. 
  13. ^ Charles D. Kochakian. Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids. Springer Science & Business Media. 6 December 2012: 401– [2019-02-17]. ISBN 978-3-642-66353-6. （原始内容于2019-09-09）. 

延伸阅读 编辑

  • Geusens P. Nandrolone decanoate: pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in osteoporosis. Clin. Rheumatol. 1995,. 14 Suppl 3: 32–9. PMID 8846659. doi:10.1007/bf02210686. 
  • Kicman AT. Pharmacology of anabolic steroids. Br. J. Pharmacol. 2008, 154 (3): 502–21. PMC 2439524  . PMID 18500378. doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.165. 
  • Hemmersbach P, Grosse J. Nandrolone: a multi-faceted doping agent. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 195. 2010: 127–54. ISBN 978-3-540-79087-7. PMID 20020363. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-79088-4_6.  |journal=被忽略 (帮助); |issue=被忽略 (帮助)
  • Velema MS, Kwa BH, de Ronde W. Should androgenic anabolic steroids be considered in the treatment regime of selected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients?. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2012, 18 (2): 118–24. PMID 22189453. doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e32834e9001. 
  • Busardò FP, Frati P, Sanzo MD, Napoletano S, Pinchi E, Zaami S, Fineschi V. The impact of nandrolone decanoate on the central nervous system. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2015, 13 (1): 122–31. PMC 4462037  . PMID 26074747. doi:10.2174/1570159X13666141210225822. 
  • Wu C, Kovac JR. Novel Uses for the Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Nandrolone and Oxandrolone in the Management of Male Health. Curr Urol Rep. 2016, 17 (10): 72. PMID 27535042. doi:10.1007/s11934-016-0629-8. 
  • Pan MM, Kovac JR. Beyond testosterone cypionate: evidence behind the use of nandrolone in male health and wellness. Transl Androl Urol. 2016, 5 (2): 213–9. PMC 4837307  . PMID 27141449. doi:10.21037/tau.2016.03.03. 

十月 16, 2023
去甲睾酮, 英語, nortestosterone, 也被称为诺龙, nandrolone, 是一种雄激素和同化類固醇, 其酯类衍生物, 如其苯丙酸酯, 癸酸酯等, 常作为贫血, 惡病體質, 骨質疏鬆症, 乳癌的治疗药物, 不能通过口服给药, 只能进行肌肉注射给药, 臨床資料读音, 商品名, 英语, drug, nomenclature, deca, durabolin, durabolin, many, others, here, 其他名稱, nortestosterone, nortestosterone, e. 19 去甲睾酮 英語 19 nortestosterone 也被称为诺龙 Nandrolone 是一种雄激素和同化類固醇 AAS 其酯类衍生物 如其苯丙酸酯 癸酸酯等 2 10 6 11 常作为贫血 惡病體質 骨質疏鬆症 乳癌的治疗药物 6 不能通过口服给药 只能进行肌肉注射给药 6 11 19 去甲睾酮臨床資料读音 ˈ n ae n d r e l oʊ n 1 商品名 英语 Drug nomenclature Deca Durabolin as ND Durabolin as NPP Many others see here 其他名稱 19 Nortestosterone 10 Nortestosterone Estr 4 en 17b ol 3 one Estrenolone Oestrenolone 19 Norandrost 4 en 17b ol 3 one Norandrostenolone Nortestrionate Nortestonate SG 4341 2 懷孕分級澳 D给药途径 Intramuscular injection esters Eye drops as NS 藥物類別 英语 Drug class Androgen Anabolic steroid ProgestogenATC碼A14AB01 WHO S01XA11法律規範狀態法律規範加 Schedule IV 英 Class C 美 附表III藥物動力學數據生物利用度 Oral lt 3 pigs 3 Intramuscular high 4 药物代谢Liver reduction 5 7 代謝產物 5a Dihydronandrolone 5 6 19 Norandrosterone 5 19 Noretiocholanolone 5 Conjugates 7 生物半衰期 Nandrolone lt 4 3 hours 5 ND IM 6 12 days 5 6 8 NPP 2 7 days 8 作用時間 ND IM 2 3 weeks 6 9 NPP IM 5 7 days 6 8 排泄途徑Urine 5 识别信息IUPAC命名法 8R 9S 10R 13S 14S 17S 17 hydroxy 13 methyl 2 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 dodecahydro 1H cyclopenta a phenanthren 3 oneCAS号434 22 0 PubChem CID9904IUPHAR BPS6949ChemSpider9520 UNII6PG9VR430DChEBICHEBI 7466 ChEMBLChEMBL757 CompTox Dashboard 英语 CompTox Chemicals Dashboard EPA DTXSID7023350ECHA InfoCard100 006 457化学信息化学式C 18H 26O 2摩尔质量274 404 g mol3D模型 JSmol 英语 JSmol 交互式图像SMILES O C4 C C2 C H C H 1CC C 3 C H O CC C H 3 C H 1CC2 C CC4InChI InChI 1S C18H26O2 c1 18 9 8 14 13 5 3 12 19 10 11 13 2 4 15 14 16 18 6 7 17 18 20 h10 13 17 20H 2 9H2 1H3 t13 14 15 16 17 18 m0 s1 Key NPAGDVCDWIYMMC IZPLOLCNSA N 由于19 去甲睾酮是雄激素睾酮的去甲基化类似物 因此它能作为睾酮和双氢睾酮 DHT 的生物学靶点 雄激素受体 AR 的激动剂 6 12 在人体内引起一些雄性化症狀 如痤疮 毛发增长 声音嘶哑 性欲增强等副作用 6 相比较而言 19 去甲睾酮的一些酯化产物蛋白同化活性较强 而雄激素活性较弱 可以作为适用于妇女儿童的较温和药物 6 12 13 以及具有缓释作用的前体药物 6 参考文献 编辑 Nandrolone Meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary 2019 02 15 原始内容存档于2015 02 09 2 0 2 1 J Elks The Dictionary of Drugs Chemical Data Chemical Data Structures and Bibliographies Springer 14 November 2014 660 ISBN 978 1 4757 2085 3 McEvoy JD McVeigh CE McCaughey WJ Residues of nortestosterone esters at injection sites Part 1 Oral bioavailability Analyst 1998 123 12 2475 8 PMID 10435281 doi 10 1039 a804919j Kenneth L Becker Principles and Practice of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lippincott Williams amp Wilkins 2001 1185 2019 02 15 ISBN 978 0 7817 1750 2 原始内容存档于2020 05 17 5 0 5 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 6 存档副本 PDF 2019 02 15 原始内容存档 PDF 于2020 11 11 6 00 6 01 6 02 6 03 6 04 6 05 6 06 6 07 6 08 6 09 6 10 William Llewellyn Anabolics Molecular Nutrition Llc 2011 402 412 460 467 193 194 ISBN 978 0 9828280 1 4 7 0 7 1 John A Thomas Drugs Athletes and Physical Performance Springer Science amp Business Media 6 December 2012 27 29 ISBN 978 1 4684 5499 4 8 0 8 1 8 2 Minto CF Howe C Wishart S Conway AJ Handelsman DJ Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nandrolone esters in oil vehicle effects of ester injection site and injection volume J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997 281 1 93 102 PMID 9103484 存档副本 PDF 2019 02 15 原始内容存档 PDF 于2019 03 09 Index Nominum 2000 International Drug Directory Taylor amp Francis January 2000 716 ISBN 978 3 88763 075 1 11 0 11 1 Walter Sneader Drug Discovery A History John Wiley amp Sons 23 June 2005 206 ISBN 978 0 471 89979 2 12 0 12 1 Kicman AT Pharmacology of anabolic steroids Br J Pharmacol 2008 154 3 502 21 PMC 2439524 nbsp PMID 18500378 doi 10 1038 bjp 2008 165 Charles D Kochakian Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Springer Science amp Business Media 6 December 2012 401 2019 02 17 ISBN 978 3 642 66353 6 原始内容存档于2019 09 09 延伸阅读 编辑Geusens P Nandrolone decanoate pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in osteoporosis Clin Rheumatol 1995 14 Suppl 3 32 9 PMID 8846659 doi 10 1007 bf02210686 Kicman AT Pharmacology of anabolic steroids Br J Pharmacol 2008 154 3 502 21 PMC 2439524 nbsp PMID 18500378 doi 10 1038 bjp 2008 165 Hemmersbach P Grosse J Nandrolone a multi faceted doping agent Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 195 2010 127 54 ISBN 978 3 540 79087 7 PMID 20020363 doi 10 1007 978 3 540 79088 4 6 journal 被忽略 帮助 issue 被忽略 帮助 Velema MS Kwa BH de Ronde W Should androgenic anabolic steroids be considered in the treatment regime of selected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients Curr Opin Pulm Med 2012 18 2 118 24 PMID 22189453 doi 10 1097 MCP 0b013e32834e9001 Busardo FP Frati P Sanzo MD Napoletano S Pinchi E Zaami S Fineschi V The impact of nandrolone decanoate on the central nervous system Curr Neuropharmacol 2015 13 1 122 31 PMC 4462037 nbsp PMID 26074747 doi 10 2174 1570159X13666141210225822 Wu C Kovac JR Novel Uses for the Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Nandrolone and Oxandrolone in the Management of Male Health Curr Urol Rep 2016 17 10 72 PMID 27535042 doi 10 1007 s11934 016 0629 8 Pan MM Kovac JR Beyond testosterone cypionate evidence behind the use of nandrolone in male health and wellness Transl Androl Urol 2016 5 2 213 9 PMC 4837307 nbsp PMID 27141449 doi 10 21037 tau 2016 03 03 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 19 去甲睾酮 amp oldid 71947367, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，

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