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微生物诱发的沉积构造

微生物诱发的沉积构造(MISS)又称为“席底构造”是由微生物与沉积物及侵蚀、沉积和搬运等物理因素相互作用形成的主要沉积构造[2][3][4][5],即微生物通过生命活动在沉积物表面形成微生物席,使松散的沉积物富有黏结性而抗水流改造形成的一系列特殊沉积构造。当微生物席(可能由细菌真菌原生动物古菌藻类等构成)保存在沉积地质记录中时,通常会形成这些结构[6]

这种起皱的“象皮”纹理是由非叠层石微生物席形成的特征。该图片显示了瑞典伯格斯维克地层的位置,在那里,该纹理首次被确定是微生物席的证据[1]

大型和微观微生物诱发沉积构造主要有17种[7],其中化石记录中最丰富的是皱饰结构 [8]和微生物席碎屑,其他的类型包括S型弯曲构造、多边形振荡裂缝、多向变余波痕[9]、剥蚀残余和坑穴或气穹窿。

尽管这些构造直到最近才被命名和系统描述,但一些早期研究人员就已提出了沉积物和沉积岩中的微生物与独特构造间的关系[1][10][11][12]。在34.8亿年前太古宙所形成地层中发现的“席底构造”[13][14] ,可能是地球上最古老的完整化石[7][13][14]。在埃迪卡拉纪时期,它们通常与埃迪卡拉生物群化石的保存有关。此后,由于农业文明的影响,他们的分布范围随之缩减[7][15][16][17]

现已提出了许多标准来识别真正的生物结构,并将其与地质过程中可能产生的类似外观特征区分开来。这些与岩石所经历的变质程度以及它们相对于海平面的地层位置、沉积环境、古代水压,还有自身质地等均有关系[6]

在最近的几本书,对微生物席诱发沉积构造的个别研究进行了总结和说明,包括《硅质碎屑岩记录中保存的微生物席特征图集》[18]和《硅质碎屑沉积体系中随时间推移的微生物席》[19]

根据对火星的一项研究,“好奇号”火星车探访的黄刀湾吉莱斯皮湖段,可能存在类似地球上席底构造的砂岩层[20]

另请查看 编辑

  • 科瑟姆大理石

参考文献 编辑

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Manten, A. Some problematic shallow-marine structures. Marine Geology. 1966, 4 (3): 227–669. Bibcode:1966MGeol...4..227M. doi:10.1016/0025-3227(66)90023-5. hdl:1874/16526 . 
  2. ^ Noffke, N.; Gerdes, G.; Klenke, T.; Krumbein, W. E. Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures: A New Category within the Classification of Primary Sedimentary Structures. Journal of Sedimentary Research. 2001, 71 (5): 649. Bibcode:2001JSedR..71..649N. doi:10.1306/2DC4095D-0E47-11D7-8643000102C1865D. 
  3. ^ Noffke, N., 2003, Microbially induced sedimentary structures, in Middleton, G.V., ed., Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks: Boston, Kluwer Academic Publishers, p. 439-440.
  4. ^ Noffke, N. Turbulent lifestyle: Microbial mats on Earth's sandy beaches—Today and 3 billion years ago. GSA Today. 2008, 18 (10): 4–9. doi:10.1130/GSATG7A.1 . 
  5. ^ Noffke, N.; Krumbein, W. E. A quantitative approach to sedimentary surface structures contoured by the interplay of microbial colonization and physical dynamics. Sedimentology. 1999, 46 (3): 417. Bibcode:1999Sedim..46..417N. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3091.1999.00218.x. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Noffke, N. The criteria for the biogeneicity of microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) in Archean and younger, sandy deposits. Earth-Science Reviews. 2009, 96 (3): 173–180. Bibcode:2009ESRv...96..173N. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2008.08.002. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Noffke, N., 2010, Microbial Mats in Sandy Deposits from the Archean Era to Today: Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, 193 p.
  8. ^ Hagadorn, J.W.; Bottjer, D.J. Wrinkle structures: Microbially mediated sedimentary structures common in subtidal siliciclastic settings at the Proterozoic-Phanerozoic transition. Geology. 1999, 25 (11): 1047–1050. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<1047:WSMMSS>2.3.CO;2. 
  9. ^ Noffke, N. Multidirected ripple marks arising from bacterial stabilization counteracting physical rework in modern sandy deposits (Mellum Island, southern North Sea). Geology. 1998, 26 (10): 879–882. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<0879:mrmrfb>2.3.co;2. 
  10. ^ Riding, R. The term stromatolite: towards an essential definition. Lethaia. 2007, 32 (4): 321–330. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.1999.tb00550.x. (原始内容存档于2015-05-02). 
  11. ^ Pratt, B.R., 2003, Stromatolites, in Middleton, G.V., ed., Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks: Boston, Kluwer Academic Press, p. 688-690.
  12. ^ Gerdes, G. and Krumbein, 1987, Biolaminated deposits: Springer, Heidelberg, 169 p.
  13. ^ 13.0 13.1 Borenstein, Seth. . AP News. 13 November 2013 [15 November 2013]. (原始内容存档于2015-06-29). 
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 Noffke, Nora; Christian, Christian; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia. Astrobiology. 8 November 2013, 13 (12): 1103–24. Bibcode:2013AsBio..13.1103N. PMC 3870916 . PMID 24205812. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. 
  15. ^ Noffke, N.; Paterson, D. Microbial interactions with physical sediment dynamics, and their significance for the interpretation of Earth's biological history. Geobiology. 2007, 6 (1): 1–4. PMID 18380881. doi:10.1111/j.1472-4669.2007.00132.x. 
  16. ^ Noffke, N.; Awramik, S. M. Stromatolites and MISS—Differences between relatives. GSA Today. 2013, 23 (9): 4. doi:10.1130/GSATG187A.1. 
  17. ^ Callow, R. H. T.; Brasier, M. D. Remarkable preservation of microbial mats in Neoproterozoic siliciclastic settings: Implications for Ediacaran taphonomic models. Earth-Science Reviews. 2009, 96 (3): 207–219. Bibcode:2009ESRv...96..207C. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.426.2250 . doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.07.002. 
  18. ^ Schieber et al., eds., 2007, Atlas of microbial mat features preserved in the siliciclastic rock record: Elsevier, 324 p.
  19. ^ Noffke, N. and Chaftez, H., 2012, Microbial Mats in Siliciclastic Depositional Systems Through Time: SEPM Special Publication 101.
  20. ^ Nora, Noffke. Ancient Sedimentary Structures in the <3.7 Ga Gillespie Lake Member, Mars, That Resemble Macroscopic Morphology, Spatial Associations, and Temporal Succession in Terrestrial Microbialites. Astrobiology. February 14, 2015, 15 (2): 169–192. Bibcode:2015AsBio..15..169N. PMID 25495393. doi:10.1089/ast.2014.1218. 

微生物诱发的沉积构造, miss, 又称为, 席底构造, 是由微生物与沉积物及侵蚀, 沉积和搬运等物理因素相互作用形成的主要沉积构造, 即微生物通过生命活动在沉积物表面形成微生物席, 使松散的沉积物富有黏结性而抗水流改造形成的一系列特殊沉积构造, 当微生物席, 可能由细菌, 真菌, 原生动物, 古菌或藻类等构成, 保存在沉积地质记录中时, 通常会形成这些结构, 这种起皱的, 象皮, 纹理是由非叠层石微生物席形成的特征, 该图片显示了瑞典伯格斯维克地层的位置, 在那里, 该纹理首次被确定是微生物席的证据, 大型和微观. 微生物诱发的沉积构造 MISS 又称为 席底构造 是由微生物与沉积物及侵蚀 沉积和搬运等物理因素相互作用形成的主要沉积构造 2 3 4 5 即微生物通过生命活动在沉积物表面形成微生物席 使松散的沉积物富有黏结性而抗水流改造形成的一系列特殊沉积构造 当微生物席 可能由细菌 真菌 原生动物 古菌或藻类等构成 保存在沉积地质记录中时 通常会形成这些结构 6 这种起皱的 象皮 纹理是由非叠层石微生物席形成的特征 该图片显示了瑞典伯格斯维克地层的位置 在那里 该纹理首次被确定是微生物席的证据 1 大型和微观微生物诱发沉积构造主要有17种 7 其中化石记录中最丰富的是皱饰结构 8 和微生物席碎屑 其他的类型包括S型弯曲构造 多边形振荡裂缝 多向变余波痕 9 剥蚀残余和坑穴或气穹窿 尽管这些构造直到最近才被命名和系统描述 但一些早期研究人员就已提出了沉积物和沉积岩中的微生物与独特构造间的关系 1 10 11 12 在34 8亿年前太古宙所形成地层中发现的 席底构造 13 14 可能是地球上最古老的完整化石 7 13 14 在埃迪卡拉纪时期 它们通常与埃迪卡拉生物群化石的保存有关 此后 由于农业文明的影响 他们的分布范围随之缩减 7 15 16 17 现已提出了许多标准来识别真正的生物结构 并将其与地质过程中可能产生的类似外观特征区分开来 这些与岩石所经历的变质程度以及它们相对于海平面的地层位置 沉积环境 古代水压 还有自身质地等均有关系 6 在最近的几本书 对微生物席诱发沉积构造的个别研究进行了总结和说明 包括 硅质碎屑岩记录中保存的微生物席特征图集 18 和 硅质碎屑沉积体系中随时间推移的微生物席 19 根据对火星的一项研究 好奇号 火星车探访的黄刀湾吉莱斯皮湖段 可能存在类似地球上席底构造的砂岩层 20 另请查看 编辑科瑟姆大理石参考文献 编辑 1 0 1 1 Manten A Some problematic shallow marine structures Marine Geology 1966 4 3 227 669 Bibcode 1966MGeol 4 227M doi 10 1016 0025 3227 66 90023 5 hdl 1874 16526 nbsp Noffke N Gerdes G Klenke T Krumbein W E Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures A New Category within the Classification of Primary Sedimentary Structures Journal of Sedimentary Research 2001 71 5 649 Bibcode 2001JSedR 71 649N doi 10 1306 2DC4095D 0E47 11D7 8643000102C1865D Noffke N 2003 Microbially induced sedimentary structures in Middleton G V ed Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Boston Kluwer Academic Publishers p 439 440 Noffke N Turbulent lifestyle Microbial mats on Earth s sandy beaches Today and 3 billion years ago GSA Today 2008 18 10 4 9 doi 10 1130 GSATG7A 1 nbsp Noffke N Krumbein W E A quantitative approach to sedimentary surface structures contoured by the interplay of microbial colonization and physical dynamics Sedimentology 1999 46 3 417 Bibcode 1999Sedim 46 417N doi 10 1046 j 1365 3091 1999 00218 x 6 0 6 1 Noffke N The criteria for the biogeneicity of microbially induced sedimentary structures MISS in Archean and younger sandy deposits Earth Science Reviews 2009 96 3 173 180 Bibcode 2009ESRv 96 173N doi 10 1016 j earscirev 2008 08 002 7 0 7 1 7 2 Noffke N 2010 Microbial Mats in Sandy Deposits from the Archean Era to Today Springer Verlag Heidelberg 193 p Hagadorn J W Bottjer D J Wrinkle structures Microbially mediated sedimentary structures common in subtidal siliciclastic settings at the Proterozoic Phanerozoic transition Geology 1999 25 11 1047 1050 doi 10 1130 0091 7613 1997 025 lt 1047 WSMMSS gt 2 3 CO 2 Noffke N Multidirected ripple marks arising from bacterial stabilization counteracting physical rework in modern sandy deposits Mellum Island southern North Sea Geology 1998 26 10 879 882 doi 10 1130 0091 7613 1998 026 lt 0879 mrmrfb gt 2 3 co 2 Riding R The term stromatolite towards an essential definition Lethaia 2007 32 4 321 330 doi 10 1111 j 1502 3931 1999 tb00550 x 原始内容存档于2015 05 02 Pratt B R 2003 Stromatolites in Middleton G V ed Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks Boston Kluwer Academic Press p 688 690 Gerdes G and Krumbein 1987 Biolaminated deposits Springer Heidelberg 169 p 13 0 13 1 Borenstein Seth Oldest fossil found Meet your microbial mom AP News 13 November 2013 15 November 2013 原始内容存档于2015 06 29 14 0 14 1 Noffke Nora Christian Christian Wacey David Hazen Robert M Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca 3 48 Billion Year Old Dresser Formation Pilbara Western Australia Astrobiology 8 November 2013 13 12 1103 24 Bibcode 2013AsBio 13 1103N PMC 3870916 nbsp PMID 24205812 doi 10 1089 ast 2013 1030 Noffke N Paterson D Microbial interactions with physical sediment dynamics and their significance for the interpretation of Earth s biological history Geobiology 2007 6 1 1 4 PMID 18380881 doi 10 1111 j 1472 4669 2007 00132 x Noffke N Awramik S M Stromatolites and MISS Differences between relatives GSA Today 2013 23 9 4 doi 10 1130 GSATG187A 1 Callow R H T Brasier M D Remarkable preservation of microbial mats in Neoproterozoic siliciclastic settings Implications for Ediacaran taphonomic models Earth Science Reviews 2009 96 3 207 219 Bibcode 2009ESRv 96 207C CiteSeerX 10 1 1 426 2250 nbsp doi 10 1016 j earscirev 2009 07 002 Schieber et al eds 2007 Atlas of microbial mat features preserved in the siliciclastic rock record Elsevier 324 p Noffke N and Chaftez H 2012 Microbial Mats in Siliciclastic Depositional Systems Through Time SEPM Special Publication 101 Nora Noffke Ancient Sedimentary Structures in the lt 3 7 Ga Gillespie Lake Member Mars That Resemble Macroscopic Morphology Spatial Associations and Temporal Succession in Terrestrial Microbialites Astrobiology February 14 2015 15 2 169 192 Bibcode 2015AsBio 15 169N PMID 25495393 doi 10 1089 ast 2014 1218 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 微生物诱发的沉积构造 amp oldid 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