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维基百科

染色体数目

十二月 12, 2023

本条目罗列若干植物，动物，寄生生物及其他生物的二倍体（2n）的染色体数目。

物种 学名 二倍体染色体数目 附注
非洲野狗 Lycaon pictus 72[1]
紫花苜蓿 Medicago sativa 32[2] 培植的紫花苜蓿是四倍体, 2n=4x=32。野生物種是 2n=16.[2]
美洲獾 Taxidea taxus 32
American Marten（英语：American Marten），美洲貂 Martes americana 38
美洲水貂 Neovison vison 30
白耳漁鼠屬，泽鼠 Anotomys leander 92[3] 與漁鼠 Ichthyomys pittieri並列為染色體數目最高的哺乳動物。
拟南芥，塔勒水芹 Arabidopsis thaliana 10
大麦 Hordeum vulgare 14[2]
蝠耳狐 Otocyon megalotis 72[1]
豆 Phaseolus sp. 22[2] 此種所有種類之染色體數目相同，包括 P. vulgaris, P. coccineus, P. acutifolis, and P. lunatus.[2]
海狸 (American) Castor canadensis 40
海狸 (Eurasian) Castor fiber 48
石貂，比奇貂 Martes foina 38
孟加拉狐 Vulpes bengalensis 60
欧白英，葵 Solanum dulcamara 24[4][5]
Black nightshade（英语：Black nightshade），龙葵 Solanum nigrum 72[6]
Moonworts，阴地蕨 Botrychium 90
Nagaho-no-natsu-no-hana-warabi，勁直蕨萁 Botrypus strictus 88 B. strictus and B. virginianus have been shown to be paraphyletic in the genus Botrypus
蕨萁，响尾蛇蕨 Botrypus virginianus 184[7]
卷心菜 Brassica oleracea 18[2] Broccoli, cabbage, kale, kohlrabi, brussels sprouts, and cauliflower are all the same species and have the same chromosome number.[2]
麻 Cannabis sativa 20
鲤鱼 104
卷尾猴 Cebus x 54[8]
猫 Felis catus 38
鸡 Gallus gallus domesticus 78
黑猩猩 Pan troglodytes 48 [9]
毛絲鼠，栗鼠 Chinchilla lanigera 64 [10]
浣熊mundi 38
棉花 Gossypium hirsutum 52[2] 2n=4x; Cultivated upland cotton is derived from an allotetraploid
牛 Bos primigenius 60
郊狼 Canis latrans 78[1]
鹿鼠 Peromyscus maniculatus 48
豺 Cuon alpinus 78
澳洲野犬 Canis lupus dingo 78[1]
狗 Canis lupus familiaris 78[11] 76 autosomal and 2 sexual.[12]
海豚 Delphinidae Delphis 44
驴子 Equus africanus asinus 62
鸽子 78[13] Based on African collared dove
Fruit fly ，果蝇 Drosophila melanogaster 8[14] 6 autosomal, and 2 sexual
Duck-billed Platypus，鸭嘴兽 52
Earthworm，蚯蚓 Lumbricus terrestris 36
Echidna，针鼹 63/64 63 (XXY, male) and 64 (XXXX, female)
Elephant，大象 56
Elk，麋鹿 (Wapiti) Cervus canadensis 68
Eurasian Badger，欧亚獾 Meles meles 44
European honey bee，欧洲蜜蜂 Apis mellifera 32 32 for females, males are haploid and thus have 16.
European Mink，欧洲水貂 Mustela lutreola 38
European Polecat，欧洲臭鼬 Mustela putorius 40
Fennec Fox，小狐 Vulpes zerda 64[1]
Ferret，鼬 Mustela putorius furo 40
Field Horsetail，木贼 Equisetum arvense 216
Fisher (animal)， 肥西貂 38 a type of marten
Fossa，马岛狸 (animal)|Fossa Cryptoprocta ferox 42
Giraffe，长颈鹿 Giraffa camelopardalis 62
Goat，山羊 60
Golden Jackal，金狐狼 Canis aureus 78[1]
Gorilla，大猩猩 48
Gray Fox，灰狐 Urocyon cinereoargenteus 66[1]
Gypsy moth，舞毒蛾 62
Hawkweed，蒲公英之一种 8
Hare，兔子[15][16] 48
Hedgehog，刺猬 Genus Atelerix (African hedgehogs) 90
Hedgehog，刺猬 Genus Erinaceus (Woodland hedgehogs) 88
七指蕨，Kamraj (fern) Helminthostachys zeylanica 94
马 Equus ferus caballus 64
人 Homo sapiens 46[17] 44 autosomal and 2 sex
酸浆属，茄科毛酸浆 Physalis pubescens 24[18]
鬣狗 40
蹄兔目，非洲蹄兔 ?? Hyraxes are considered to be the closest living relative to the Elephant.
Crab-eating rat (semiaquatic rodent)，食蟹鼠 Ichthyomys pittieri 92[3] Tied for highest number in mammals with Anotomys leander.
Jack jumper ant（英语：Jack jumper ant），夹克跳跳蚁 Myrmecia pilosula 2[19] 2 for females, males are haploid and thus have 1; smallest number possible. Other ant species have more chromosomes.[19]
袋鼠 16 This includes several members genus Macropus, but not the red kangaroo (M. rufus, 40)[20]
敏狐，小狐狸 50
狮子 Panthera leo 38
Long-nosed Cusimanse（英语：Long-nosed Cusimanse），长鼻獴 (a type of mongoose) 36
玉米 Zea mays 20[2]
鬃狼 Chrysocyon brachyurus 76
芒果 Mangifera indica 40[2]
狐獴 Suricata suricatta 36
蚊子 Aedes aegypti 6[21] The 2n=6 chromosome number is conserved in the entire family Culicidae, except in Chagasia bathana which has 2n=8.[21]
Mouse，小鼠 Mus musculus 40
骡子 63 semi-infertile
燕麦 Avena sativa 42[2] This is a hexaploid with 2n=6x=42. Diploid and tetraploid cultivated species also exist.[2]
Adders-tongue（英语：Adders-tongue），小草蕨 Ophioglossum reticulatum 1200 or 1260 此种蕨类具有已知最多的染色体数目。
人猿 Pongo x 48
亞洲小爪水獺，亞洲小爪水獺 Aonyx cinerea 38
豌豆 Pisum sativum 14[2]
猪 38
家鸽 80
松貂 Martes martes 38
菠萝 Ananas comosus 50[2]
鸭嘴兽 Ornithorhynchus anatinus 52 [22] Ten sex chromosomes.
马铃薯 Solanum tuberosum 48[2] This is a tetraploid; wild relatives mostly have 2n=24.[2]
豪猪 Erethizon dorsatum 34 [10]
兔子 44
浣熊，狸 Procyon lotor 38[23]
貉，貉 Nyctereutes viverrinus 42 some sources say sub-species differ with 38, 54, and even 56 chromosomes
貉，貉 Nyctereutes procyonoides 56
萝卜，罗卜 Raphanus sativus 18[2]
鼠 42
欧洲马鹿，马鹿 Cervus elaphus 68
红狐 Vulpes vulpes 34[1] Plus 3-5 microsomes.
小熊猫 36
山羌，麂 Muntiacus reevesi 46
稻 Oryza sativa 24[2]
猕猴 42[24]
黑麦 Secale cereale 14[2]
紫貂，黑貂 Martes zibellina 38
黑马羚 Hippotragus niger 46
Grape ferns，葡萄蕨 Sceptridum 90
海獭 38
银叶茄 Solanum elaeagnifolium 24[25]
绵羊 54
虾 Penaeus semisulcatus 86-92 [26]
粘菌 Dictyostelium discoideum 12 [27]
蜗牛 24
斑臭鼬屬，斑臭鼬 Spilogale x 64
海星 36
臭鼬，条纹臭鼬 Mephitis mephitis 50
黑尾袋鼠，泽鼠 Wallabia bicolor 10/11 10 for male, 11 for female
，狸(Tanuki（英语：Tanuki）) Nyctereutes procyonoides albus 38
虎 Panthera tigris 38
藏狐 Vulpes ferrilata 36
烟草 Nicotiana tabacum 48[2] Cultivated species is a tetraploid.[2]
火鸡 80 [28]
负鼠 Didelphis virginiana 22[29]
小麦 Triticum aestivum 42[2] This is a hexaploid with 2n=6x=42. Durum wheat is Triticum turgidum var. durum, and is a tetraploid with 2n=4x=28.[2]
白尾鹿 Odocoileus virginianus 70
狼 Canis lupus 78
猛犸象 Mammuthus primigenius 58 extinct; tissue from a frozen carcass
Wolverine，狼獾 Gulo gulo 42
Yellow Mongoose，黄猫鼬 Cynictis penicillata 36
Yeast，酿酒酵母 Saccharomyces cerivisiae 32

参见 编辑

参考资料 编辑

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Sillero-Zubiri, Claudio; Hoffmann, Michael J.; Dave Mech. Canids: Foxes, Wolves, Jackals and Dogs: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. World Conservation Union. 2004. ISBN 2-8317-0786-2. [页码请求]
  2. ^ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 Simmonds, NW (ed.). Evolution of crop plants. New ]York: Longman. 1976. ISBN 0-582-44496-9. [页码请求]
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Schmid, M.; Fernández-Badillo, A.; Feichtinger, W.; Steinlein, C.; Roman, J.I. On the highest chromosome number in mammals. Cytogenetics and Genome Research. 1988, 49 (4): 305–8. PMID 3073914. doi:10.1159/000132683. 
  4. ^ Abrams, L. Illustrated Flora of the Pacific States. Volume 3.. Stanford University Press. 1951: 866. 
  5. ^ Stance, C. New Flora of the British Isles. Second Edition.. Cambridge, UK. 1997: 1130. 
  6. ^ Smith, Hugh. Chromosome counts in the varieties of Solanum tuberosum and allied wild species. Genetics. 1927, 12: 84–92. 
  7. ^ Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. Flora of North America. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. [1993+] [2012-01-06]. （原始内容于2019-01-24）. 
  8. ^ Barnabe, Renato Campanarut; Guimarães, Marcelo Alcindo de Barros Vaz; Oliveira, CláUdio Alvarenga de; Barnabe, Alexandre Hyppolito. Analysis of some normal parameters of the spermiogram of captive capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella Linnaeus, 1758 ). Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science. 2002, 39. doi:10.1590/S1413-95962002000600010. 
  9. ^ Young WJ, Merz T, Ferguson-Smith MA, Johnston AW. Chromosome number of the chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes. Science. June 1960, 131 (3414): 1672–3. Bibcode:1960Sci...131.1672Y. PMID 13846659. doi:10.1126/science.131.3414.1672. 
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  14. ^ Drosophila Genome Project. National Center for Biotechnology Information. [2009-04-14]. 
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  20. ^ Rofe, R. H. G-banded chromosomes and the evolution of macropodidae. Australian mammology. December 1978, 2: 50–63 [July 15, 2011]. ISSN 0310-0049. （原始内容于2014-02-01）. 
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  28. ^ Template:Cite Journal
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外部链接 编辑

十二月 12, 2023
染色体数目, 本条目罗列若干植物, 动物, 寄生生物及其他生物的二倍体, 物种, 学名, 二倍体, 附注非洲野狗, lycaon, pictus, 紫花苜蓿, medicago, sativa, 培植的紫花苜蓿是四倍体, 野生物種是, 美洲獾, taxidea, taxus, 32american, marten, 英语, american, marten, 美洲貂, martes, americana, 38美洲水貂, neovison, vison, 30白耳漁鼠屬, 泽鼠, anotomys, leander. 本条目罗列若干植物 动物 寄生生物及其他生物的二倍体 2n 的染色体数目 物种 学名 二倍体染色体数目 附注非洲野狗 Lycaon pictus 72 1 紫花苜蓿 Medicago sativa 32 2 培植的紫花苜蓿是四倍体 2n 4x 32 野生物種是 2n 16 2 美洲獾 Taxidea taxus 32American Marten 英语 American Marten 美洲貂 Martes americana 38美洲水貂 Neovison vison 30白耳漁鼠屬 泽鼠 Anotomys leander 92 3 與漁鼠 Ichthyomys pittieri並列為染色體數目最高的哺乳動物 拟南芥 塔勒水芹 Arabidopsis thaliana 10大麦 Hordeum vulgare 14 2 蝠耳狐 Otocyon megalotis 72 1 豆 Phaseolus sp 22 2 此種所有種類之染色體數目相同 包括 P vulgaris P coccineus P acutifolis and P lunatus 2 海狸 American Castor canadensis 40海狸 Eurasian Castor fiber 48石貂 比奇貂 Martes foina 38孟加拉狐 Vulpes bengalensis 60欧白英 葵 Solanum dulcamara 24 4 5 Black nightshade 英语 Black nightshade 龙葵 Solanum nigrum 72 6 Moonworts 阴地蕨 Botrychium 90Nagaho no natsu no hana warabi 勁直蕨萁 Botrypus strictus 88 B strictus and B virginianus have been shown to be paraphyletic in the genus Botrypus蕨萁 响尾蛇蕨 Botrypus virginianus 184 7 卷心菜 Brassica oleracea 18 2 Broccoli cabbage kale kohlrabi brussels sprouts and cauliflower are all the same species and have the same chromosome number 2 麻 Cannabis sativa 20鲤鱼 104卷尾猴 Cebusx 54 8 猫 Felis catus 38鸡 Gallus gallus domesticus 78黑猩猩 Pan troglodytes 48 9 毛絲鼠 栗鼠 Chinchilla lanigera 64 10 浣熊mundi 38棉花 Gossypium hirsutum 52 2 2n 4x Cultivated upland cotton is derived from an allotetraploid牛 Bos primigenius 60郊狼 Canis latrans 78 1 鹿鼠 Peromyscus maniculatus 48豺 Cuon alpinus 78澳洲野犬 Canis lupus dingo 78 1 狗 Canis lupus familiaris 78 11 76 autosomal and 2 sexual 12 海豚 Delphinidae Delphis 44驴子 Equus africanus asinus 62鸽子 78 13 Based on African collared doveFruit fly 果蝇 Drosophila melanogaster 8 14 6 autosomal and 2 sexualDuck billed Platypus 鸭嘴兽 52Earthworm 蚯蚓 Lumbricus terrestris 36Echidna 针鼹 63 64 63 XXY male and 64 XXXX female Elephant 大象 56Elk 麋鹿 Wapiti Cervus canadensis 68Eurasian Badger 欧亚獾 Meles meles 44European honey bee 欧洲蜜蜂 Apis mellifera 32 32 for females males are haploid and thus have 16 European Mink 欧洲水貂 Mustela lutreola 38European Polecat 欧洲臭鼬 Mustela putorius 40Fennec Fox 小狐 Vulpes zerda 64 1 Ferret 鼬 Mustela putorius furo 40Field Horsetail 木贼 Equisetum arvense 216Fisher animal 肥西貂 38 a type of martenFossa 马岛狸 animal Fossa Cryptoprocta ferox 42Giraffe 长颈鹿 Giraffa camelopardalis 62Goat 山羊 60Golden Jackal 金狐狼 Canis aureus 78 1 Gorilla 大猩猩 48Gray Fox 灰狐 Urocyon cinereoargenteus 66 1 Gypsy moth 舞毒蛾 62Hawkweed 蒲公英之一种 8Hare 兔子 15 16 48Hedgehog 刺猬 Genus Atelerix African hedgehogs 90Hedgehog 刺猬 Genus Erinaceus Woodland hedgehogs 88七指蕨 Kamraj fern Helminthostachys zeylanica 94马 Equus ferus caballus 64人 Homo sapiens 46 17 44 autosomal and 2 sex酸浆属 茄科毛酸浆 Physalis pubescens 24 18 鬣狗 40蹄兔目 非洲蹄兔 Hyraxes are considered to be the closest living relative to the Elephant Crab eating rat semiaquatic rodent 食蟹鼠 Ichthyomys pittieri 92 3 Tied for highest number in mammals with Anotomys leander Jack jumper ant 英语 Jack jumper ant 夹克跳跳蚁 Myrmecia pilosula 2 19 2 for females males are haploid and thus have 1 smallest number possible Other ant species have more chromosomes 19 袋鼠 16 This includes several members genus Macropus but not the red kangaroo M rufus 40 20 敏狐 小狐狸 50狮子 Panthera leo 38Long nosed Cusimanse 英语 Long nosed Cusimanse 长鼻獴 a type of mongoose 36玉米 Zea mays 20 2 鬃狼 Chrysocyon brachyurus 76芒果 Mangifera indica 40 2 狐獴 Suricata suricatta 36蚊子 Aedes aegypti 6 21 The 2n 6 chromosome number is conserved in the entire family Culicidae except in Chagasia bathana which has 2n 8 21 Mouse 小鼠 Mus musculus 40骡子 63 semi infertile燕麦 Avena sativa 42 2 This is a hexaploid with 2n 6x 42 Diploid and tetraploid cultivated species also exist 2 Adders tongue 英语 Adders tongue 小草蕨 Ophioglossum reticulatum 1200 or 1260 此种蕨类具有已知最多的染色体数目 人猿 Pongo x 48亞洲小爪水獺 亞洲小爪水獺 Aonyx cinerea 38豌豆 Pisum sativum 14 2 猪 38家鸽 80松貂 Martes martes 38菠萝 Ananas comosus 50 2 鸭嘴兽 Ornithorhynchus anatinus 52 22 Ten sex chromosomes 马铃薯 Solanum tuberosum 48 2 This is a tetraploid wild relatives mostly have 2n 24 2 豪猪 Erethizon dorsatum 34 10 兔子 44浣熊 狸 Procyon lotor 38 23 貉 貉 Nyctereutes viverrinus 42 some sources say sub species differ with 38 54 and even 56 chromosomes貉 貉 Nyctereutes procyonoides 56萝卜 罗卜 Raphanus sativus 18 2 鼠 42欧洲马鹿 马鹿 Cervus elaphus 68红狐 Vulpes vulpes 34 1 Plus 3 5 microsomes 小熊猫 36山羌 麂 Muntiacus reevesi 46稻 Oryza sativa 24 2 猕猴 42 24 黑麦 Secale cereale 14 2 紫貂 黑貂 Martes zibellina 38黑马羚 Hippotragus niger 46Grape ferns 葡萄蕨 Sceptridum 90海獭 38银叶茄 Solanum elaeagnifolium 24 25 绵羊 54虾 Penaeus semisulcatus 86 92 26 粘菌 Dictyostelium discoideum 12 27 蜗牛 24斑臭鼬屬 斑臭鼬 Spilogale x 64海星 36臭鼬 条纹臭鼬 Mephitis mephitis 50黑尾袋鼠 泽鼠 Wallabia bicolor 10 11 10 for male 11 for female 狸 Tanuki 英语 Tanuki Nyctereutes procyonoides albus 38虎 Panthera tigris 38藏狐 Vulpes ferrilata 36烟草 Nicotiana tabacum 48 2 Cultivated species is a tetraploid 2 火鸡 80 28 负鼠 Didelphis virginiana 22 29 小麦 Triticum aestivum 42 2 This is a hexaploid with 2n 6x 42 Durum wheat is Triticum turgidum var durum and is a tetraploid with 2n 4x 28 2 白尾鹿 Odocoileus virginianus 70狼 Canis lupus 78猛犸象 Mammuthus primigenius 58 extinct tissue from a frozen carcassWolverine 狼獾 Gulo gulo 42Yellow Mongoose 黄猫鼬 Cynictis penicillata 36Yeast 酿酒酵母 Saccharomyces cerivisiae 32参见 编辑 nbsp 生物主题 染色體参考资料 编辑 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 Sillero Zubiri Claudio Hoffmann Michael J Dave Mech Canids Foxes Wolves Jackals and Dogs Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan World Conservation Union 2004 ISBN 2 8317 0786 2 页码请求 2 00 2 01 2 02 2 03 2 04 2 05 2 06 2 07 2 08 2 09 2 10 2 11 2 12 2 13 2 14 2 15 2 16 2 17 2 18 2 19 2 20 2 21 2 22 Simmonds NW ed Evolution of crop plants New York Longman 1976 ISBN 0 582 44496 9 页码请求 3 0 3 1 Schmid M Fernandez Badillo A Feichtinger W Steinlein C Roman J I On the highest chromosome number in mammals Cytogenetics and Genome Research 1988 49 4 305 8 PMID 3073914 doi 10 1159 000132683 Abrams L Illustrated Flora of the Pacific States Volume 3 Stanford University Press 1951 866 Stance C New Flora of the British Isles Second Edition Cambridge UK 1997 1130 Smith Hugh Chromosome counts in the varieties of Solanum tuberosum and allied wild species Genetics 1927 12 84 92 Flora of North America Editorial Committee eds Flora of North America Missouri Botanical Garden St Louis 1993 2012 01 06 原始内容存档于2019 01 24 请检查 date 中的日期值 帮助 Barnabe Renato Campanarut Guimaraes Marcelo Alcindo de Barros Vaz Oliveira ClaUdio Alvarenga de Barnabe Alexandre Hyppolito Analysis of some normal parameters of the spermiogram of captive capuchin monkeys Cebus apella Linnaeus 1758 Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science 2002 39 doi 10 1590 S1413 95962002000600010 Young WJ Merz T Ferguson Smith MA Johnston AW Chromosome number of the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes Science June 1960 131 3414 1672 3 Bibcode 1960Sci 131 1672Y PMID 13846659 doi 10 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