心肌病變包括增生性心肌病變(英语:Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)、擴張性心肌病變、限制性心肌病變(英语:Restrictive cardiomyopathy)、導致心律不整的右心室發育不全(英语:Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia)及心碎症候群(英语:Takotsubo cardiomyopathy)[3]增生性心肌病變是心臟肌肉變大且變厚[3],擴張性心肌病變是心室的腔室變大且無力[3]。限制性心肌病變是心室壁硬化[3]。
心肌病變通常沒有明確的病因[4]。增生性心肌病變通常是遺傳自父母,擴張性心肌病變則有三分之一是遺傳所致[4]。擴張性心肌病變也可能是由酒精、重金屬、冠心症、吸食古柯鹼或病毒感染造成[4]。限制性心肌病變可能和澱粉樣變性、血色素沉著病或某些癌症治療(英语:Treatment of cancer)有關[4]。心碎症候群是由非常極端的情緒或生理壓力所造成[3]。
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^Valentin Fuster; John Willis Hurst. Hurst's the heart. McGraw-Hill Professional. 2004: 1884– [2010-11-11]. ISBN 978-0-07-143225-2. (原始内容于2013-05-27).
^McCartan C, Maso R, Jayasinghe SR, Griffiths LR. Cardiomyopathy Classification: Ongoing Debate in the Genomics Era. Biochem Res Int. 2012, 2012: 796926. PMC 3423823. PMID 22924131. doi:10.1155/2012/796926.
^Harvey, Pamela A.; Leinwand, Leslie A. Cellular mechanisms of cardiomyopathy. The Journal of Cell Biology. 2011-08-08, 194 (3): 355–365. ISSN 0021-9525. PMC 3153638. PMID 21825071. doi:10.1083/jcb.201101100. (原始内容于2016-09-28).
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