fbpx
维基百科

微分音音樂

十二月 28, 2022

微分音音樂（Microtonal music），或簡稱為微音音樂，微分音即比半音還要小的音程。微分音音樂亦曾在某些原始社會中出現過，古往以來也不乏作曲家和理論家對微分音的研究。

Harry Partch（英语：Harry Partch） 调性钻石, 43音階

在部分作品中，作曲家也曾少量使用微分音作為裝飾，以在傳統音高之中增加一些變化。他們大多各自使用自創的記譜法，來為傳統的五線譜表示微分音。巴爾托克·貝拉曾直接在音符旁標註箭頭，以上下指示微分音的升降。布洛赫則在音與音之間畫上斜線，以表示微分音的升降。阿洛伊斯·哈巴和潘德列茨基則是從升降記號的變形創造新記號，作為微分音的升降記號。

微分音音樂的記譜法問題，在作曲家之間一直難以達成共識，演奏家也不願意學習冷僻的記譜法。要續繼使用原有的五線譜，還是另外建立一套新的系統，至今也還沒有定論。

除此之外，還有微分音適當距離的問題。較早之前的是從十二個半音再分一半的24個四分之一音的音階。布索尼提倡36個音的音階，以六分之一音為最小音程。阿洛伊斯·哈巴隨後也發展出以十二分之一音為音程符號的樂制，一個八度音有72個音。

Julián Carrillo（英语：Julián Carrillo）設計了一種準確、靈活的新方法。C音以0表示，在一個八度音階裡，以連續的數目來表示音。例如半音音階可以0~11來表示，四分之一音的音階可以0~23表示。Joseph Yasser在他的著作《發展調性的理論》（A Theory of Evolving Tonality）中，反對以機械化的方式分割音，提倡在音樂演進的過程中擴展音階。他認為音樂的發展是從五聲音階到七聲音階，再從七聲音階到十二聲音階。根據這個發展過程，下一階段應該是十九聲音階，其中原先的十二音是正音，新的七個音是副音（相當於七音階的半音）。

Harry Partch則在《音樂的起源》（Genesis of a Music）詳細研究調律系統和音階，並以此提出43音階。

除此之外，還有演奏方面的問題。雖然聲樂、弦樂可以奏出微分音，但不易正確奏出。或者需要兩架鋼琴，調音相差四分之一音，再各自演奏分配開來的譜。還有專為微分音設計的特殊樂器，如Ervin M. Wilson的31音鍵盤。微分音的演奏工具，主要還是電子樂器。

微分音音樂的美學價值，到目前為止也還沒有定論。即使可以分辨出微分音音高上的微小差別，也無法保證其藝術價值。而且對於大多數的音樂家而言，微分音就是沒奏準的音。微分音音樂目前還處於開拓階段，主要還是進行實驗性質的工作。

參考文獻

  • Adèr, Lidiâ Olegovna [Адэр, Лидия Олеговна]. 2011a. "Микротоновая идея: Истоки и предпосылки" [The Concept of Microtonality: Its Origin and Background]. Научный журнал Санкт-Петербургской консерватории [Opera musicologica: Naučnyj žurnal Sankt-Peterburgskoj konservatorii] 3-4, nos. 8-9:114–34.
  • Adèr, Lidiâ Olegovna [Адэр, Лидия Олеговна]. 2011b. "Микротоновый инструментарий—первые шаги от утопии к практике" [Microtonal Instruments: The First Steps from Utopia to Practice]. In Временник Зубовского института: Инструментализм в истории культуры [Instrumentalism in the history of culture], edited by Evgenia Vladimirovna Hazdan, 52–65. Vremennik Zubovskogo instituta 7. St. Petersburg: Rossijskij Institut Istorii Iskusstv.
  • Adèr, Lidiâ Olegovna [Адэр, Лидия Олеговна]. 2013. "Микротоновая музыка в Европе и России в 1900–1920-е годы". Non-doctoral diss. St Peterburg: Gosudarstvennaâ Konservatoriâ imeni N.A. Rimskogo-Korsakova.
  • Akopyan, Levon. 2010. Музыка ХХ века. Энциклопедический словарь [Music of the Twentieth Century: An Academic Dictionary], 353–54. Moscow: Praktika.
  • Amy, Gilbert. 1961. "Micro-intervalle". Encyclopédie de la musique, 3 vols., edited by François Michel in collaboration with François Lesure and Vladimir Fèdorov. Paris: Fasquelle.
  • Anon. 1990. "Микрохроматика" [Mikrochromatika"]. Музыкальный энциклопедический словарь [Musical Encyclopedic Dictionary], 344. Moscow: Sov'etskaya Entsiklopediya.
  • Anon. 1998. "micro-intervalle". Nouveau Larousse encyclopédique, second edition, edited by Yves Garnier. 2:1011. Paris: Larousse. ISBN 9782031531302 (set) ISBN 9782031531319 (vol. 1) ISBN 9782031531326 (vol. 2).
  • Anon. 2006. Музыкально-теоретические системы [Musical-Theoretical Systems]. Moscow: Kompozitor.
  • Anon. 2007. "Микрохроматические интервалы" [Mikrochromaticheskie Intervali]. Музыкальный словарь Гроува [Grove Music Dictionary], second edition, 563. Moscow: Praktika.
  • Anon. n.d. "Macrotonal". Xenharmonic Wiki blog at macrospaces.com (accessed 3 February 2016).
  • Apel, Willy. 1967. The Harvard Dictionary of Music, second edition. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
  • Barbera, André. 2003. "Comma, Schisma". Harvard Dictionary of Music, fourth edition, edited by Don Michael Randel, 193. Cambridge, MA; London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01163-2.
  • Barbieri, Patrizio. 2008. Enharmonic instruments and music 1470-1900. Latina, Italy: Il Levante Libreria Editrice, 2008. ISBN 978-88-95203-14-0.
  • Barbour, J. Murray. 1951. Tuning and Temperament: A Historical Survey. East Lansing: Michigan State College Press. Reprinted [n.p.]: Dover, 2004. ISBN 0-486-43406-0 (pbk).
  • Battier, Marc, and Thierry Lacino. 1984. "Simulation and Extrapolation of Instrumental Sounds Using Direct Synthesis at IRCAM (A Propos of Resonance)". Contemporary Music Review 1 (Musical Thought at IRCAM, edited by Tod Machover), no. 1:77–82.
  • Belyaev, Victor M. [Беляев, В. М.]. 1971a. "Азербайджанская народная песня (1960)" [Azerbaijan Folk Songs] , in Victor Belyaev, О музыкальном фольклоре и древней письменности [On Musical Folklore and Ancient Literature]. Moscow: Sov'etskii Kompozitor, 1971:108–56.
  • Belyaev, Victor. 1971b, "Турецкая музыка (1934)" [Turkish Music]. In Victor Belyaev, "О музыкальном фольклоре и древней письменности". Moscow: Sov'etskii Kompozitor, 1971:163–76; abridged English version as: Victor Belaiev, "Turkish Music", The Musical Quarterly 21, no. 3 (July 1935): 356–67.
  • Blackwood, Easley. n.d. Liner notes to "Blackwood: Microtonal Compositions". CDR018. N.p.: Cedille Records.[需要完整来源]
  • Blackwood, Easley, and Jeffrey Kust. 2005. Easley Blackwood: Microtonal Compositions, second edition. n.p.: Cedille. (First edition 1996.)[需要完整来源]
  • Blesh, Rudi. 1946. Shining Trumpets: A History of Jazz. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
  • Boatwright, Howard. 1971. "Ives' Quarter-Tone Impressions". In Perspectives on American Composers, edited by Benjamin Boretz and Edward T. Cone, 3–12. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Boulez, Pierre. 1958. "'At the Ends of Fruitful Land …'", translated by Alexander Goehr. Die Reihe 1 (Electronic Music): 19–29. English edition.
  • Capellen, Georg. 1908. Fortschrittliche Harmonie- und Melodielehre. Leipzig: C. F. Kahnt Nachfolger.
  • Dahlhaus, Carl, Hans Heinrich Eggebrecht, and Kurt Oehl (eds). 1995. Brockhaus Riemann Musiklexikon in vier Bänden und einem Ergänzungsband, second edition, volume 4. Mainz: Atlantis-Schott Musikbuch-Verlag.
  • Carlos, Wendy. 1989–96. "Three Asymmetric Divisions of the Octave". wendycarlos.com (Accessed March 28, 2009).
  • Chou Wen-chung. 1971. "Asian Concepts and Twentieth-Century Western Composers". The Musical Quarterly 57, no. 2 (April): 211–29.
  • Conti, Luca. 2005. Suoni di una terra incognita: il microtonalismo in Nord America (1900–1940). Lucca: Libreria musicale italiana.
  • Conti, Luca. 2008. Ultracromatiche sensazioni: il microtonalismo in Europa (1840–1940). Lucca: Libreria musicale italiana.
  • Cook, Nicholas, and Anthony Pople. 2004 The Cambridge History of Twentieth-Century Music. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-66256-7.
  • Couture, François. n.d. "Jon Catler: Evolution for Electric Guitar and Orchestra". AllMusic (Accessed 3 April 2013).
  • Criton, Pascale. 2010. "Variabilité et multiplicité acoustique". In Manières de faire des sons, edited by Antonia Soulez and Horacio Vaggione, 119–33. Musique-philosophie. Paris: L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-296-12959-7.
  • Datta, Asoke Kumar, Ranjan Sengupta, Nityananda Dey, and Dipali Nag. 2006. "Experimental Analysis of Shrutis from Performances in Hindustani Music". Kolkata: ITC Sangeet Research Academy. ISBN 81-903818-0-6.
  • Decroupet, Pascal, and Elena Ungeheuer. 1998. "Through the Sensory Looking-Glass: The Aesthetic and Serial Foundations of Gesang der Jünglinge", translated from French by Jerome Kohl. Perspectives of New Music 36, no. 1 (Winter): 97–142.
  • Don, Gary. 2001. "Brilliant Colors Provocatively Mixed: Overtone Structures in the Music of Debussy". Music Theory Spectrum 23, no. 1 (Spring): 61–73.
  • Donval, Serge. 2006. Histoire de l'acoustique musicale. Courlay: Fuzeau. ISBN 9782841691524 (pbk).
  • Ellis, Alexander J. 1877. "On the Measurement and Settlement of Musical Pitch". Journal of the Society of Arts 25, no. 1279 (25 May): 664–87.
  • Ellis, Alexander J. 1884. "Tonometrical Observations on Some Existing Non-Harmonic Musical Scales". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 37:368–85.
  • Ferguson, Jim. 1999. All Blues Soloing for Jazz Guitar: Scales, Licks, Concepts & Choruses. Santa Cruz: Guitar Master Class; Pacific, MO: Mel Bay. ISBN 0-7866-4285-8.
  • Griffiths, Paul, and Mark Lindley. 1980. "Microtone". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, edited by Stanley Sadie, 12:279–80. London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN 1-56159-174-2.
  • Griffiths, Paul, Mark Lindley, and Ioannis Zannos. 2001. "Microtone". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.
  • Gurenko, N.A. [Гуренко Н.А]. 2010. "Микрохроматика И. Вышнеградского: История, теория, практика освоения" [The Microchomatics of I. Wyschnegradsky: History, Theory, Practice, Development]. PhD diss. Ekaterinburg: Urals Mussorgsky State Conservatoire.
  • Hába, Alois. 1921. Harmonische Grundlagen des Vierteltonsystems. Melos 3:201–209.
  • Hába, Alois. 1922. Vývoj hudební tvorby a theorie vzhledem k diatonice, chromatice a čtvrttónové soustavě. Listy hudební matice 1:35–40, 51–57.
  • Helmholtz, Hermann von. 1885. On the Sensations of Tone as a Physiological Basis for the Theory of Music, second English edition, translated, thoroughly revised and corrected, rendered conformable to the fourth (and last) German edition of 1877, with numerous additional notes and a new additional appendix bringing down information to 1885, and especially adapted to the use of music students by Alexander J. Ellis. London: Longmans, Green.
  • Hesse, Horst-Peter. 1991. "Breaking into a New World of Sound: Reflections on the Austrian Composer Franz Richter Herf (1920–1989)". Perspectives of New Music 29, no. 1 (Winter): 212–35.
  • Howat, Roy. 2001. "Debussy, (Achille-)Claude: §10, 'Musical Language'". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.
  • Jedrzejewski, Franck. 2004. "Alois Hába et l'expérimentation micro-intervallique". In L'attraction et la nécessité: Musique tchèque et culture française au XXe siècle, edited by Xavier Galmiche and Lenka Stránská, foreword by Danièle Pistone, 169–75. Prague: Bärenreiter. ISBN 978-80-86385-27-3; Paris: Université Paris-Sorbonne (Paris IV). ISBN 978-80-86385-27-3.
  • Jedrzejewski, Franck. 2014. Dictionnaire des musiques microtonales: 1892–2013, new, revised and enlarged edition. Paris: L’Harmattan. ISBN 9782343035406 (pbk).
  • Kogut, Gennady. A. 2005. Микротоновая музыка [Microtonal Music (in Russian). Kiev: Naukova Dumka. ISBN 966-00-0604-7.
  • Kholopov, Yuri Nikolaevich [Холопов Ю.Н.]. 1976. "Микрохроматика" [Microchromatics]. Музыкальная энциклопедия [Musical Encyclopedia] 3:587–89. Moscow: Bolshaya Sovetskaya Entsiklopedia [Great Soviet Encyclopedia].
  • Kholopov, Yuri Nikolaevich [Холопов Ю.Н.]. 2000. "Микро и последствия" [Micro and consequences]. In: Музыкальное образование в контексте культуры. [Music education in the cultural context], 27-38. Moscow: Gnessins Music Academy
  • Kholopov, Yuri N. 2003. Гармония. Теоретический курс [Harmony: Theoretical Course. St Petersburg: Lan.
  • Klishin, A. G."Проблемы музыкального строя в начале Нового времени" [Problems of Musical Structure in the Early Modern Era], PhD diss. Moscow: Moscow Conservatory.
  • Koenig, Laura Jeanne. 1995. "Air à la grecque: A Quarter-tone Piece for Flute in the Historical Context of the Enharmonic Genre in Eighteenth-century French Music and Theory". DMA diss. Iowa City: The University of Iowa.
  • Lesure, François. 2001. "Debussy, (Achille-)Claude: 7, 'Models and Influences'". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.
  • Lindley, Mark. 2001a. "Mean-tone". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.
  • Lindley, Mark. 2001b. "Temperaments". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.
  • Maclagan, Susan J. 2009. A Dictionary for the Modern Flutist. Lanham, MS, and Plymouth: Scarecrow Press, Inc. ISBN 978-0-8108-6711-6 (cloth); ISBN 978-0-8108-6728-4 (ebook).
  • McNaught, W. 1939. "Gramophone Notes". The Musical Times 80, no. 1152 (February): 102–104.
  • Mann, Maud (MacCarthy). 1912. "Some Indian Conceptions of Music". Proceedings of the Musical Association, 38th Session (1911–1912) (16 January): 41–65.
  • Meyer, Max. 1903. "Experimental Studies in the Psychology of Music". The American Journal of Psychology 14, nos. 3–4 (July–October): 192–214.
  • Möllendorff, Willy von. 1917. Musik mit Vierteltönen. Leipzig: Verlag F. E. C. Leuckart.
  • Nikoltsev, I. D. 2013. "Микрохроматика в системе современного музыкального мышления" [Microchomatics in Contemporary Musical Thought]. PhD diss. Moscow: Moscow conservatory.
  • Noyze, Dave, and Richard D. James.. 2014. "". Noyzelab Blogspot.com.au (Monday, 10 November)
  • Partch, Harry. 1979. Genesis of a Music, second edition. New York: Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-80106-X.
  • Pavlenko, Sergej Vasil'evič, Igor’ Kefalidi, and Viktor Alekseevič Ekimovskij. 2002. "Микротоновые элементы: Беседа" [Microtonal Elements: A Conversation]. Музыкальная академия [Muzykal'naâ akademiâ], no. 2:21–24.
  • Polunina, E. N. [Полунина Е.Н.]. 2010. "Микрохроматика в музыкальном искусстве позднего Возрождения" [Microchromatics in Music of the Late Renaissance]. PhD diss. Vladivostok: Far East State Academy of Arts.
  • Pressing, Jeff. 1992. Synthesizer Performance and Real-time Techniques. Madison: A-R Editions. ISBN 9780895792570.
  • Prieberg, Fred K. 1958. Lexikon der Neuen Musik. Freiburg im Breisgau and Munich: K. Alber.
  • Prieberg, Fred K. 1960. Musica ex machina: über das Verhältnis von Musik und Technik. Berlin, Frankfurt, and Vienna: Verlag Ullstein.
  • Rae, Caroline. 2013. “Messiaen and Ohana: Parallel Preoccupations or Anxiety of Influence?” In Messiaen Perspectives 2: Techniques, Influence and Reception, edited by Robert Fallon and Christopher Dingle, 153–74. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN ISBN 978-1-4094-2696-7.
  • Reilly, Edward R., and John Solum. 1992. "De Lusse, Buffardin, and an Eighteenth-Century Quarter Tone Piece". Historical Performance (Spring): 19–23.
  • Richter, Lukas. 2001. "Diesis (ii)". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edite by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.
  • Riemann, Hugo. 1967. Riemann Musikexikon, twelfth fully revised edition, Band 3: Sachteil, edited by Wilibald Gurlitt and Hans Heinrich Eggebrecht. Mainz: B. Schott's Söhne.
  • Rigoni, Michel. 1998. Karlheinz Stockausen: ... un vaisseau lancé vers le ciel, second, revised, corrected, and enlarged edition, with a preface by Michaël Levinas. Musique de notre temps: compositeurs. [Lillebonne]: Millénaire III Éditions. ISBN 978-2-911906-02-2 (pbk).
  • Rovner, A. A. 2010. "Сергей Протопопов: композиторское творчество и теоретические работы" [Sergey Protopopov: composer's output and theoretical works]. PhD diss. Moscow: Moscow conservatory.
  • Rué, Roberto. 2000. "Diatonismo, cromatismo y microtonalismo: Una interpretación estructuralista". Música e investigación: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Musicología "Carlos Vega" 4, nos. 7-8:39-53.
  • Schulter, Margo. 1998. "Pythagorean Tuning and Medieval Polyphony". Medieval Music and Arts Foundation website, Todd McComb, editor (accessed 2 February 2016).
  • Schulter, Margo. 2001. "Xenharmonic Excursion to Padua, 1318: Marchettus, the Cadential Diesis, and Neo-Gothic Tunings". Medieval Music and Arts Foundation website, Todd McComb, editor (accessed 2 February 2016).
  • Spring, Glenn, and Jere Hutcheson. 2013. Musical Form and Analysis: Time, Pattern, Proportion. Long Grove: Waveland Press, Inc. ISBN 9781478607229.
  • Stockhausen, Karlheinz. 1964. Texte 2: Aufsätze 1952–1962 zur musikalischen Praxis, edited and with an afterword by Dieter Schnebel. Cologne: Verlag M. DuMont Schauberg.
  • Strangways, A. H. Fox. 1914 The Music of Hindostan . Oxford: Clarendon Press. Reprinted New Delhi: Oriental Books Reprint Corporation, 1975.
  • Tsenova, V. S. [Ценова, В. С.] (ed.). 2007. Теория современной композиции [The Theory of ModernCompositon]. Moscow: Muzyka.
  • Von Gunden, Heidi. 1986. The Music of Ben Johnston. Metuchen, NJ, and London: The Scarecrow Press, Inc. ISBN 0-8108-1907-4.
  • Wallon, Simone. 1980. L'allemand musicologique. Guides Musicologiques. Paris: Editions Beauchesne. ISBN 2-7010-1011-X.
  • West, Martin Litchfield. 1992. Ancient Greek Music. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-814897-6 (cloth) ISBN 0-19-814975-1 (pbk).
  • Whitfield, Charles. 1989. L'anglais musicologique: l'anglais des musiciens. Guides Musicologiques. Paris: Editions Beauchesne. ISBN 2-7010-1181-7.
  • Wilson, John, Krzysztof Penderecki, and Jonny Greenwood. 2012. . Front Row. BBC Radio 4 (23 March). Transcript from an audio recording of the broadcast, Citizen Insane website (accessed 21 July 2014).
  • Wyschnegradsky, Ivan. 1937. "La musique à quarts de ton et sa réalisation pratique". La Revue Musicale no. 171:26–33.
  • Wyschnegradsky, Ivan. 1972. "L'Ultrachromatisme et les espaces non octaviants". La Revue Musicale nos. 290–91:71-141.
  • Žabka, Marek. 2014. "Dancing with the Scales: Subchromatic Generated Tone Systems". Journal of Music Theory 58, no. 2 (Fall):179–233.
  • Zaminer, Frieder. 2006. "Harmonik und Musiktheorie im alten Griechenland". In Geschichte der Musiktheorie. Bd.2, hrsg. v. Thomas Ertelt, Heinz von Loesch und Frieder Zaminer. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, S.47-256. ISBN 3-534-01202-X

延伸閱讀

  • Aron, Pietro. 1523. Thoscanello de la musica. Venice: Bernardino et Mattheo de Vitali. Facsimile edition, Monuments of music and music literature in facsimile: Second series, Music literature 69. New York: Broude Brothers, 1969. Second edition, as Toscanello in musica . . . nuovamente stampato con laggiunta da lui fatta et con diligentia corretto, Venice: Bernardino & Matheo de Vitali, 1529. Facsimile reprint, Bibliotheca musica Bononiensis, sezione 2., n. 10. Bologna: Forni Editori, 1969. （意大利文）. Third edition, as Toscanello in musica, Venice: Marchio Stessa, 1539. Facsimile edition, edited by Georg Frey. Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1970. Fourth edition, Venice, 1562. English edition, as Toscanello in music, translated by Peter Bergquist. 3 vols. Colorado College Music Press Translations, no. 4. Colorado Springs: Colorado College Music Press, 1970.
  • Barbieri, Patrizio. 1989. "An Unknown 15th-Century French Manuscript on Organ Building and Tuning". The Organ Yearbook: A Journal for the Players & Historians of Keyboard Instruments 20.
  • Barbieri, Patrizio. 2002. "The Evolution of Open-Chain Enharmonic Keyboards c1480–1650". In Chromatische und enharmonische Musik und Musikinstrumente des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts/Chromatic and Enharmonic Music and Musical Instruments in the 16th and 17th Centuries. Schweizer Jahrbuch für Musikwissenschaft/Annales suisses de musicologie/Annuario svizzero di musicologia 22, edited by Joseph Willimann. Bern: Verlag Peter Lang AG. ISBN 3-03910-088-2.
  • Barbieri, Patrizio. 2003. "Temperaments, Historical". In Piano: An Encyclopedia, second edition, edited by Robert Palmieri and Margaret W. Palmieri,[页码请求]. New York: Routledge.
  • Barbieri, Patrizio. 2008. Enharmonic instruments and music, 1470-1900. Latina: Il Levante Libreria Editrice. ISBN 978-88-95203-14-0.
  • Barbieri, Patrizio, Alessandro Barca, and conte Giordano Riccati. 1987. Acustica accordatura e temperamento nell'illuminismo Veneto. Pubblicazioni del Corso superiore di paleografia e semiografia musicale dall'umanesimo al barocco, Serie I: Studi e testi 5; Pubblicazioni del Corso superiore di paleografia e semiografia musicale dall'umanesimo al barocco, Documenti 2. Rome: Edizioni Torre d'Orfeo.
  • Barbieri, Patrizio, and Lindoro Massimo del Duca. 2001. "Late-Renaissance Quarter-tone Compositions (1555-1618): The Performance of the ETS-31 with a DSP System". In Musical Sounds from Past Millennia: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Musical Acoustics 2001, edited by Diego L. González, Domenico Stanzial, and Davide Bonsi. 2 vols. Venice: Fondazione Giorgio Cini.
  • Barlow, Clarence (ed.). 2001. "The Ratio Book." (Documentation of the Ratio Symposium Royal Conservatory The Hague 14–16 December 1992). Feedback Papers 43.
  • Blackwood, Easley. 1985. The Structure of Recognizable Diatonic Tunings. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-09129-3.
  • Blackwood, Easley. 1991. "Modes and Chord Progressions in Equal Tunings". Perspectives of New Music 29, no. 2 (Summer): 166–200.
  • Burns, Edward M. 1999. "Intervals, Scales, and Tuning." In The Psychology of Music, second edition, ed. Diana Deutsch. 215–64. San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-213564-4.
  • Carr, Vanessa. 2008. "These Are Ghost Punks". Vanessa Carr’s website (29 February). (Accessed 2 April 2009)
  • Colonna, Fabio. 1618. La sambuca lincea, overo Dell'istromento musico perfetto. Naples: C. Vitale. Facsimile reprint of a copy containing manuscript critical annotations by Scipione Stella (1618–1624), with an introduction by Patrizio Barbieri. Musurgiana 24. Lucca, Italy: Libreria Musicale Italiana, 1991.
  • Daniels, Arthur Michael. 1965. "Microtonality and Mean-Tone Temperament in the Harmonic System of Francisco Salinas". Journal of Music Theory 9, no. 1 (Spring): 2–51.
  • Dumbrill, Richard J. 2000. The Musicology and Organology of the Ancient Near East, second edition. London: Tadema Press. ISBN 0-9533633-0-9.
  • Fink, Robert. 1988. "The Oldest Song in the World". Archaeologia Musicalis 2, no. 2:98–100.
  • Fritsch, Johannes G. 2007. "Allgemeine Harmonik, Tonsysteme, Mikrotonalität: Ein geschichtlicher Überblick". In Orientierungen: Wege im Pluralismus der Gegenwartsmusik, edited by Jörn Peter Hiekel, 107–22. Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Neue Musik und Musikerziehung Darmstadt 47. Mainz: Schott Musik International. ISBN 978-3-7957-1837-4.
  • Gilmore, Bob. 1998. Harry Partch: A Biography. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-06521-3.
  • Haas, Georg Friedrich. 2007. "Mikrotonalität und spektrale Musik seit 1980". In Orientierungen: Wege im Pluralismus der Gegenwartsmusik, edited by Jörn Peter Hiekel, 123–29. Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Neue Musik und Musikerziehung Darmstadt 47. Mainz: Schott Musik International. ISBN 978-3-7957-1837-4.
  • Hába, Alois. 1927. Neue Harmonielehre des diatonischen, chromatischen Viertel-, Drittel-, Sechstel- und Zwölftel-tonsystems. Leipzig: Kistner & Siegel.
  • Jedrzejewski, Franck. 2003. Dictionnaire des musiques microtonales [Dictionary of Microtonal Musics]. Paris: L'Harmattan. ISBN 2-7475-5576-3.
  • Jedrzejewski, Franck. 2014. Dictionnaire des musiques microtonales. Nouvelle édition revue et augmentée (1892–2013) [Dictionary of Microtonal Musics]. Paris: L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2343035406.
  • Johnston, Ben. 2006. 'Maximum Clarity' and other writings on music, ed. B. Gilmore. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
  • Kotschy, Johannes. 2008. "Mikrotonalität: Eine Zeiterscheinung?" Österreichische Musikzeitschrift 63, no. 7 (July): 8–15.
  • Landman, Yuri. [2008]. "Third Bridge Helix: From Experimental Punk to Ancient Chinese Music and the Universal Physical Laws of Consonance". (accessed 6 December 2008).
  • Landman, Yuri. n.d. "" on (accessed 31 March 2009).
  • Leedy, Douglas. 1991. "A Venerable Temperament Rediscovered". Perspectives of New Music 29, no. 2 (Summer): 202–11.
  • Mandelbaum, M. Joel. 1961. "Multiple Division Of the Octave and the Tonal Resources of the 19 Tone Temperament". Ph.D. thesis. Bloomington: Indiana University.
  • Mosch, Ulrich. 2008. "Ultrachromatik und Mikrotonalität: Hans Zenders Grundlegung einer neuen Harmonik". In Hans Zender: Vielstimmig in sich, edited by Werner Grünzweig, Anouk Jeschke, and Jörn Peter Hiekel, 61–76. Archive zur Musik des 20. Jahrhunderts, No. 12. Hofheim:Wolke. ISBN 978-3-936000-25-2.
  • Stahnke, Manfred. 2010. "About Backyards and Limbos: Microtonality Revisited". In Concepts, Experiments and Fieldwork: Studies in Systematic Musicology and Ethnomusicology, edited by Rolf Bader, Christiane Neuhaus, and Ulrich Morgenstern, with a prefaceby Achim Reichel, 297–314. Frankfurt am Main and New York: Peter Lang. ISBN 978-3-631-58902-1.
  • Vitale, Raoul. 1982. "La Musique suméro-accadienne: gamme et notation musicale". Ugarit-Forschungen 14: 241–63.
  • Werntz, Julia. 2001. "Adding Pitches: Some New Thoughts, Ten Years after Perspectives of New Music's 'Forum: Microtonality Today'". Perspectives of New Music 39, no. 2 (Summer): 159–210.
  • Wood, James. 1986. "Microtonality: Aesthetics and Practicality". The Musical Times 127, no. 1719 (June): 328–30.
  • Zweifel, Paul. 1996. "Generalized Diatonic and Pentatonic Scales: A Group-Theoretic Approach". Perspectives of New Music 34, no. 1 (Winter): 140–61.

外部連結

维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：微分音音樂
  • 开放式目录计划中和微分音音樂相关的内容
  • Aikin, Jim. 2003.
  • Anon. [n.d.]. "Nicola Vicentino (1511–1576) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）". IVO: Sacred Music in the Italian Cinquecento outside Venice and Rome, edited by Chris Whent. Here Of A Sunday Morning website. (Accessed 19 August 2008)
  • Chalmers, John. Dr. John Chalmers Divisions of the Tetrachord （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  • Loli, Charles. 2008. " Microtonalismo （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）". (Article on alternative tuning in Peruvian music)
  • Solís Winkler, Ernesto. 2004. "". (Accessed 19 August 2008)
  • Wilson, Erv. "Wilson Archives of papers on microtonal theory （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）"
  • Links to microtonal composers （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） at Xenharmonic Wiki
  • Links to microtonal projects around the world （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） at Xenharmonic Wiki
  • Offtonic Microtonal Synthesizer （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, a browser-based synth to explore microtonal tunings with a QWERTY keyboard

template:Musical tuning（英语：template:Musical tuning）

template:Microtonal music（英语：template:Microtonal music） template:Modernism (music)（英语：template:Modernism (music)）

十二月 28, 2022
微分音音樂, 此條目没有列出任何参考或来源, 2016年2月3日, 維基百科所有的內容都應該可供查證, 请协助補充可靠来源以改善这篇条目, 无法查证的內容可能會因為異議提出而移除, microtonal, music, 或簡稱為微音音樂, 微分音即比半音還要小的音程, 亦曾在某些原始社會中出現過, 古往以來也不乏作曲家和理論家對微分音的研究, harry, partch, 英语, harry, partch, 调性钻石, 43音階, 在部分作品中, 作曲家也曾少量使用微分音作為裝飾, 以在傳統音高之中增加一些變化,. 此條目没有列出任何参考或来源 2016年2月3日 維基百科所有的內容都應該可供查證 请协助補充可靠来源以改善这篇条目 无法查证的內容可能會因為異議提出而移除 微分音音樂 Microtonal music 或簡稱為微音音樂 微分音即比半音還要小的音程 微分音音樂亦曾在某些原始社會中出現過 古往以來也不乏作曲家和理論家對微分音的研究 Harry Partch 英语 Harry Partch 调性钻石 43音階 在部分作品中 作曲家也曾少量使用微分音作為裝飾 以在傳統音高之中增加一些變化 他們大多各自使用自創的記譜法 來為傳統的五線譜表示微分音 巴爾托克 貝拉曾直接在音符旁標註箭頭 以上下指示微分音的升降 布洛赫則在音與音之間畫上斜線 以表示微分音的升降 阿洛伊斯 哈巴和潘德列茨基則是從升降記號的變形創造新記號 作為微分音的升降記號 微分音音樂的記譜法問題 在作曲家之間一直難以達成共識 演奏家也不願意學習冷僻的記譜法 要續繼使用原有的五線譜 還是另外建立一套新的系統 至今也還沒有定論 除此之外 還有微分音適當距離的問題 較早之前的是從十二個半音再分一半的24個四分之一音的音階 布索尼提倡36個音的音階 以六分之一音為最小音程 阿洛伊斯 哈巴隨後也發展出以十二分之一音為音程符號的樂制 一個八度音有72個音 Julian Carrillo 英语 Julian Carrillo 設計了一種準確 靈活的新方法 C音以0表示 在一個八度音階裡 以連續的數目來表示音 例如半音音階可以0 11來表示 四分之一音的音階可以0 23表示 Joseph Yasser在他的著作 發展調性的理論 A Theory of Evolving Tonality 中 反對以機械化的方式分割音 提倡在音樂演進的過程中擴展音階 他認為音樂的發展是從五聲音階到七聲音階 再從七聲音階到十二聲音階 根據這個發展過程 下一階段應該是十九聲音階 其中原先的十二音是正音 新的七個音是副音 相當於七音階的半音 Harry Partch則在 音樂的起源 Genesis of a Music 詳細研究調律系統和音階 並以此提出43音階 除此之外 還有演奏方面的問題 雖然聲樂 弦樂可以奏出微分音 但不易正確奏出 或者需要兩架鋼琴 調音相差四分之一音 再各自演奏分配開來的譜 還有專為微分音設計的特殊樂器 如Ervin M Wilson的31音鍵盤 微分音的演奏工具 主要還是電子樂器 微分音音樂的美學價值 到目前為止也還沒有定論 即使可以分辨出微分音音高上的微小差別 也無法保證其藝術價值 而且對於大多數的音樂家而言 微分音就是沒奏準的音 微分音音樂目前還處於開拓階段 主要還是進行實驗性質的工作 參考文獻 编辑Ader Lidia Olegovna Ader Lidiya Olegovna 2011a Mikrotonovaya ideya Istoki i predposylki The Concept of Microtonality Its Origin and Background Nauchnyj zhurnal Sankt Peterburgskoj konservatorii Opera musicologica Naucnyj zurnal Sankt Peterburgskoj konservatorii 3 4 nos 8 9 114 34 Ader Lidia Olegovna Ader Lidiya Olegovna 2011b Mikrotonovyj instrumentarij pervye shagi ot utopii k praktike Microtonal Instruments The First Steps from Utopia to Practice In Vremennik Zubovskogo instituta Instrumentalizm v istorii kultury Instrumentalism in the history of culture edited by Evgenia Vladimirovna Hazdan 52 65 Vremennik Zubovskogo instituta 7 St Petersburg Rossijskij Institut Istorii Iskusstv Ader Lidia Olegovna Ader Lidiya Olegovna 2013 Mikrotonovaya muzyka v Evrope i Rossii v 1900 1920 e gody Non doctoral diss St Peterburg Gosudarstvennaa Konservatoria imeni N A Rimskogo Korsakova Akopyan Levon 2010 Muzyka HH veka Enciklopedicheskij slovar Music of the Twentieth Century An Academic Dictionary 353 54 Moscow Praktika Amy Gilbert 1961 Micro intervalle Encyclopedie de la musique 3 vols edited by Francois Michel in collaboration with Francois Lesure and Vladimir Fedorov Paris Fasquelle Anon 1990 Mikrohromatika Mikrochromatika Muzykalnyj enciklopedicheskij slovar Musical Encyclopedic Dictionary 344 Moscow Sov etskaya Entsiklopediya Anon 1998 micro intervalle Nouveau Larousse encyclopedique second edition edited by Yves Garnier 2 1011 Paris Larousse ISBN 9782031531302 set ISBN 9782031531319 vol 1 ISBN 9782031531326 vol 2 Anon 2006 Muzykalno teoreticheskie sistemy Musical Theoretical Systems Moscow Kompozitor Anon 2007 Mikrohromaticheskie intervaly Mikrochromaticheskie Intervali Muzykalnyj slovar Grouva Grove Music Dictionary second edition 563 Moscow Praktika Anon n d Macrotonal Xenharmonic Wiki blog at macrospaces com accessed 3 February 2016 Apel Willy 1967 The Harvard Dictionary of Music second edition Cambridge Mass Harvard University Press Barbera Andre 2003 Comma Schisma Harvard Dictionary of Music fourth edition edited by Don Michael Randel 193 Cambridge MA London The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press ISBN 978 0 674 01163 2 Barbieri Patrizio 2008 Enharmonic instruments and music 1470 1900 Latina Italy Il Levante Libreria Editrice 2008 ISBN 978 88 95203 14 0 Barbour J Murray 1951 Tuning and Temperament A Historical Survey East Lansing Michigan State College Press Reprinted n p Dover 2004 ISBN 0 486 43406 0 pbk Battier Marc and Thierry Lacino 1984 Simulation and Extrapolation of Instrumental Sounds Using Direct Synthesis at IRCAM A Propos of Resonance Contemporary Music Review 1 Musical Thought at IRCAM edited by Tod Machover no 1 77 82 Belyaev Victor M Belyaev V M 1971a Azerbajdzhanskaya narodnaya pesnya 1960 Azerbaijan Folk Songs in Victor Belyaev O muzykalnom folklore i drevnej pismennosti On Musical Folklore and Ancient Literature Moscow Sov etskii Kompozitor 1971 108 56 Belyaev Victor 1971b Tureckaya muzyka 1934 Turkish Music In Victor Belyaev O muzykalnom folklore i drevnej pismennosti Moscow Sov etskii Kompozitor 1971 163 76 abridged English version as Victor Belaiev Turkish Music The Musical Quarterly 21 no 3 July 1935 356 67 Blackwood Easley n d Liner notes to Blackwood Microtonal Compositions CDR018 N p Cedille Records 需要完整来源 Blackwood Easley and Jeffrey Kust 2005 Easley Blackwood Microtonal Compositions second edition n p Cedille First edition 1996 需要完整来源 Blesh Rudi 1946 Shining Trumpets A History of Jazz New York Alfred A Knopf Boatwright Howard 1971 Ives Quarter Tone Impressions In Perspectives on American Composers edited by Benjamin Boretz and Edward T Cone 3 12 Princeton Princeton University Press Boulez Pierre 1958 At the Ends of Fruitful Land translated by Alexander Goehr Die Reihe 1 Electronic Music 19 29 English edition Capellen Georg 1908 Fortschrittliche Harmonie und Melodielehre Leipzig C F Kahnt Nachfolger Dahlhaus Carl Hans Heinrich Eggebrecht and Kurt Oehl eds 1995 Brockhaus Riemann Musiklexikon in vier Banden und einem Erganzungsband second edition volume 4 Mainz Atlantis Schott Musikbuch Verlag Carlos Wendy 1989 96 Three Asymmetric Divisions of the Octave wendycarlos com Accessed March 28 2009 Chou Wen chung 1971 Asian Concepts and Twentieth Century Western Composers The Musical Quarterly 57 no 2 April 211 29 Conti Luca 2005 Suoni di una terra incognita il microtonalismo in Nord America 1900 1940 Lucca Libreria musicale italiana Conti Luca 2008 Ultracromatiche sensazioni il microtonalismo in Europa 1840 1940 Lucca Libreria musicale italiana Cook Nicholas and Anthony Pople 2004 The Cambridge History of Twentieth Century Music Cambridge and New York Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 66256 7 Couture Francois n d Jon Catler Evolution for Electric Guitar and Orchestra AllMusic Accessed 3 April 2013 Criton Pascale 2010 Variabilite et multiplicite acoustique In Manieres de faire des sons edited by Antonia Soulez and Horacio Vaggione 119 33 Musique philosophie Paris L Harmattan ISBN 978 2 296 12959 7 Datta Asoke Kumar Ranjan Sengupta Nityananda Dey and Dipali Nag 2006 Experimental Analysis of Shrutis from Performances in Hindustani Music Kolkata ITC Sangeet Research Academy ISBN 81 903818 0 6 Decroupet Pascal and Elena Ungeheuer 1998 Through the Sensory Looking Glass The Aesthetic and Serial Foundations of Gesang der Junglinge translated from French by Jerome Kohl Perspectives of New Music 36 no 1 Winter 97 142 Don Gary 2001 Brilliant Colors Provocatively Mixed Overtone Structures in the Music of Debussy Music Theory Spectrum 23 no 1 Spring 61 73 Donval Serge 2006 Histoire de l acoustique musicale Courlay Fuzeau ISBN 9782841691524 pbk Ellis Alexander J 1877 On the Measurement and Settlement of Musical Pitch Journal of the Society of Arts 25 no 1279 25 May 664 87 Ellis Alexander J 1884 Tonometrical Observations on Some Existing Non Harmonic Musical Scales Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 37 368 85 Ferguson Jim 1999 All Blues Soloing for Jazz Guitar Scales Licks Concepts amp Choruses Santa Cruz Guitar Master Class Pacific MO Mel Bay ISBN 0 7866 4285 8 Griffiths Paul and Mark Lindley 1980 Microtone The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians edited by Stanley Sadie 12 279 80 London Macmillan Publishers ISBN 1 56159 174 2 Griffiths Paul Mark Lindley and Ioannis Zannos 2001 Microtone The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians second edition edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell London Macmillan Publishers Gurenko N A Gurenko N A 2010 Mikrohromatika I Vyshnegradskogo Istoriya teoriya praktika osvoeniya The Microchomatics of I Wyschnegradsky History Theory Practice Development PhD diss Ekaterinburg Urals Mussorgsky State Conservatoire Haba Alois 1921 Harmonische Grundlagen des Vierteltonsystems Melos 3 201 209 Haba Alois 1922 Vyvoj hudebni tvorby a theorie vzhledem k diatonice chromatice a ctvrttonove soustave Listy hudebni matice 1 35 40 51 57 Helmholtz Hermann von 1885 On the Sensations of Tone as a Physiological Basis for the Theory of Music second English edition translated thoroughly revised and corrected rendered conformable to the fourth and last German edition of 1877 with numerous additional notes and a new additional appendix bringing down information to 1885 and especially adapted to the use of music students by Alexander J Ellis London Longmans Green Hesse Horst Peter 1991 Breaking into a New World of Sound Reflections on the Austrian Composer Franz Richter Herf 1920 1989 Perspectives of New Music 29 no 1 Winter 212 35 Howat Roy 2001 Debussy Achille Claude 10 Musical Language The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians second edition edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell London Macmillan Publishers Jedrzejewski Franck 2004 Alois Haba et l experimentation micro intervallique In L attraction et la necessite Musique tcheque et culture francaise au XXe siecle edited by Xavier Galmiche and Lenka Stranska foreword by Daniele Pistone 169 75 Prague Barenreiter ISBN 978 80 86385 27 3 Paris Universite Paris Sorbonne Paris IV ISBN 978 80 86385 27 3 Jedrzejewski Franck 2014 Dictionnaire des musiques microtonales 1892 2013 new revised and enlarged edition Paris L Harmattan ISBN 9782343035406 pbk Kogut Gennady A 2005 Mikrotonovaya muzyka Microtonal Music in Russian Kiev Naukova Dumka ISBN 966 00 0604 7 Kholopov Yuri Nikolaevich Holopov Yu N 1976 Mikrohromatika Microchromatics Muzykalnaya enciklopediya Musical Encyclopedia 3 587 89 Moscow Bolshaya Sovetskaya Entsiklopedia Great Soviet Encyclopedia Kholopov Yuri Nikolaevich Holopov Yu N 2000 Mikro i posledstviya Micro and consequences In Muzykalnoe obrazovanie v kontekste kultury Music education in the cultural context 27 38 Moscow Gnessins Music Academy Kholopov Yuri N 2003 Garmoniya Teoreticheskij kurs Harmony Theoretical Course St Petersburg Lan Klishin A G Problemy muzykalnogo stroya v nachale Novogo vremeni Problems of Musical Structure in the Early Modern Era PhD diss Moscow Moscow Conservatory Koenig Laura Jeanne 1995 Air a la grecque A Quarter tone Piece for Flute in the Historical Context of the Enharmonic Genre in Eighteenth century French Music and Theory DMA diss Iowa City The University of Iowa Lesure Francois 2001 Debussy Achille Claude 7 Models and Influences The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians second edition edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell London Macmillan Publishers Lindley Mark 2001a Mean tone The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians second edition edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell London Macmillan Publishers Lindley Mark 2001b Temperaments The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians second edition edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell London Macmillan Publishers Maclagan Susan J 2009 A Dictionary for the Modern Flutist Lanham MS and Plymouth Scarecrow Press Inc ISBN 978 0 8108 6711 6 cloth ISBN 978 0 8108 6728 4 ebook McNaught W 1939 Gramophone Notes The Musical Times 80 no 1152 February 102 104 Mann Maud MacCarthy 1912 Some Indian Conceptions of Music Proceedings of the Musical Association 38th Session 1911 1912 16 January 41 65 Meyer Max 1903 Experimental Studies in the Psychology of Music The American Journal of Psychology 14 nos 3 4 July October 192 214 Mollendorff Willy von 1917 Musik mit Vierteltonen Leipzig Verlag F E C Leuckart Nikoltsev I D 2013 Mikrohromatika v sisteme sovremennogo muzykalnogo myshleniya Microchomatics in Contemporary Musical Thought PhD diss Moscow Moscow conservatory Noyze Dave and Richard D James 2014 Aphex Twin Syrobonkers Interview Part 2 Noyzelab Blogspot com au Monday 10 November Partch Harry 1979 Genesis of a Music second edition New York Da Capo Press ISBN 0 306 80106 X Pavlenko Sergej Vasil evic Igor Kefalidi and Viktor Alekseevic Ekimovskij 2002 Mikrotonovye elementy Beseda Microtonal Elements A Conversation Muzykalnaya akademiya Muzykal naa akademia no 2 21 24 Polunina E N Polunina E N 2010 Mikrohromatika v muzykalnom iskusstve pozdnego Vozrozhdeniya Microchromatics in Music of the Late Renaissance PhD diss Vladivostok Far East State Academy of Arts Pressing Jeff 1992 Synthesizer Performance and Real time Techniques Madison A R Editions ISBN 9780895792570 Prieberg Fred K 1958 Lexikon der Neuen Musik Freiburg im Breisgau and Munich K Alber Prieberg Fred K 1960 Musica ex machina uber das Verhaltnis von Musik und Technik Berlin Frankfurt and Vienna Verlag Ullstein Rae Caroline 2013 Messiaen and Ohana Parallel Preoccupations or Anxiety of Influence In Messiaen Perspectives 2 Techniques Influence and Reception edited by Robert Fallon and Christopher Dingle 153 74 Farnham Ashgate Publishing Ltd ISBN ISBN 978 1 4094 2696 7 Reilly Edward R and John Solum 1992 De Lusse Buffardin and an Eighteenth Century Quarter Tone Piece Historical Performance Spring 19 23 Richter Lukas 2001 Diesis ii The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians second edition edite by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell London Macmillan Publishers Riemann Hugo 1967 Riemann Musikexikon twelfth fully revised edition Band 3 Sachteil edited by Wilibald Gurlitt and Hans Heinrich Eggebrecht Mainz B Schott s Sohne Rigoni Michel 1998 Karlheinz Stockausen un vaisseau lance vers le ciel second revised corrected and enlarged edition with a preface by Michael Levinas Musique de notre temps compositeurs Lillebonne Millenaire III Editions ISBN 978 2 911906 02 2 pbk Rovner A A 2010 Sergej Protopopov kompozitorskoe tvorchestvo i teoreticheskie raboty Sergey Protopopov composer s output and theoretical works PhD diss Moscow Moscow conservatory Rue Roberto 2000 Diatonismo cromatismo y microtonalismo Una interpretacion estructuralista Musica e investigacion Revista del Instituto Nacional de Musicologia Carlos Vega 4 nos 7 8 39 53 Schulter Margo 1998 Pythagorean Tuning and Medieval Polyphony Medieval Music and Arts Foundation website Todd McComb editor accessed 2 February 2016 Schulter Margo 2001 Xenharmonic Excursion to Padua 1318 Marchettus the Cadential Diesis and Neo Gothic Tunings Medieval Music and Arts Foundation website Todd McComb editor accessed 2 February 2016 Spring Glenn and Jere Hutcheson 2013 Musical Form and Analysis Time Pattern Proportion Long Grove Waveland Press Inc ISBN 9781478607229 Stockhausen Karlheinz 1964 Texte 2 Aufsatze 1952 1962 zur musikalischen Praxis edited and with an afterword by Dieter Schnebel Cologne Verlag M DuMont Schauberg Strangways A H Fox 1914 The Music of Hindostan Oxford Clarendon Press Reprinted New Delhi Oriental Books Reprint Corporation 1975 Tsenova V S Cenova V S ed 2007 Teoriya sovremennoj kompozicii The Theory of ModernCompositon Moscow Muzyka Von Gunden Heidi 1986 The Music of Ben Johnston Metuchen NJ and London The Scarecrow Press Inc ISBN 0 8108 1907 4 Wallon Simone 1980 L allemand musicologique Guides Musicologiques Paris Editions Beauchesne ISBN 2 7010 1011 X West Martin Litchfield 1992 Ancient Greek Music Oxford Clarendon Press New York Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 814897 6 cloth ISBN 0 19 814975 1 pbk Whitfield Charles 1989 L anglais musicologique l anglais des musiciens Guides Musicologiques Paris Editions Beauchesne ISBN 2 7010 1181 7 Wilson John Krzysztof Penderecki and Jonny Greenwood 2012 Interview with Jonny and Krzysztof Penderecki Front Row BBC Radio 4 23 March Transcript from an audio recording of the broadcast Citizen Insane website accessed 21 July 2014 Wyschnegradsky Ivan 1937 La musique a quarts de ton et sa realisation pratique La Revue Musicale no 171 26 33 Wyschnegradsky Ivan 1972 L Ultrachromatisme et les espaces non octaviants La Revue Musicale nos 290 91 71 141 Zabka Marek 2014 Dancing with the Scales Subchromatic Generated Tone Systems Journal of Music Theory 58 no 2 Fall 179 233 Zaminer Frieder 2006 Harmonik und Musiktheorie im alten Griechenland In Geschichte der Musiktheorie Bd 2 hrsg v Thomas Ertelt Heinz von Loesch und Frieder Zaminer Darmstadt Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft S 47 256 ISBN 3 534 01202 X延伸閱讀 编辑Aron Pietro 1523 Thoscanello de la musica Venice Bernardino et Mattheo de Vitali Facsimile edition Monuments of music and music literature in facsimile Second series Music literature 69 New York Broude Brothers 1969 Second edition as Toscanello in musica nuovamente stampato con laggiunta da lui fatta et con diligentia corretto Venice Bernardino amp Matheo de Vitali 1529 Facsimile reprint Bibliotheca musica Bononiensis sezione 2 n 10 Bologna Forni Editori 1969 Online edition of the 1529 text 意大利文 Third edition as Toscanello in musica Venice Marchio Stessa 1539 Facsimile edition edited by Georg Frey Kassel Barenreiter 1970 Fourth edition Venice 1562 English edition as Toscanello in music translated by Peter Bergquist 3 vols Colorado College Music Press Translations no 4 Colorado Springs Colorado College Music Press 1970 Barbieri Patrizio 1989 An Unknown 15th Century French Manuscript on Organ Building and Tuning The Organ Yearbook A Journal for the Players amp Historians of Keyboard Instruments 20 Barbieri Patrizio 2002 The Evolution of Open Chain Enharmonic Keyboards c1480 1650 In Chromatische und enharmonische Musik und Musikinstrumente des 16 und 17 Jahrhunderts Chromatic and Enharmonic Music and Musical Instruments in the 16th and 17th Centuries Schweizer Jahrbuch fur Musikwissenschaft Annales suisses de musicologie Annuario svizzero di musicologia 22 edited by Joseph Willimann Bern Verlag Peter Lang AG ISBN 3 03910 088 2 Barbieri Patrizio 2003 Temperaments Historical In Piano An Encyclopedia second edition edited by Robert Palmieri and Margaret W Palmieri 页码请求 New York Routledge Barbieri Patrizio 2008 Enharmonic instruments and music 1470 1900 Latina Il Levante Libreria Editrice ISBN 978 88 95203 14 0 Barbieri Patrizio Alessandro Barca and conte Giordano Riccati 1987 Acustica accordatura e temperamento nell illuminismo Veneto Pubblicazioni del Corso superiore di paleografia e semiografia musicale dall umanesimo al barocco Serie I Studi e testi 5 Pubblicazioni del Corso superiore di paleografia e semiografia musicale dall umanesimo al barocco Documenti 2 Rome Edizioni Torre d Orfeo Barbieri Patrizio and Lindoro Massimo del Duca 2001 Late Renaissance Quarter tone Compositions 1555 1618 The Performance of the ETS 31 with a DSP System In Musical Sounds from Past Millennia Proceedings of the International Symposium on Musical Acoustics 2001 edited by Diego L Gonzalez Domenico Stanzial and Davide Bonsi 2 vols Venice Fondazione Giorgio Cini Barlow Clarence ed 2001 The Ratio Book Documentation of the Ratio Symposium Royal Conservatory The Hague 14 16 December 1992 Feedback Papers 43 Blackwood Easley 1985 The Structure of Recognizable Diatonic Tunings Princeton Princeton University Press ISBN 0 691 09129 3 Blackwood Easley 1991 Modes and Chord Progressions in Equal Tunings Perspectives of New Music 29 no 2 Summer 166 200 Burns Edward M 1999 Intervals Scales and Tuning In The Psychology of Music second edition ed Diana Deutsch 215 64 San Diego Academic Press ISBN 0 12 213564 4 Carr Vanessa 2008 These Are Ghost Punks Vanessa Carr s website 29 February Accessed 2 April 2009 Colonna Fabio 1618 La sambuca lincea overo Dell istromento musico perfetto Naples C Vitale Facsimile reprint of a copy containing manuscript critical annotations by Scipione Stella 1618 1624 with an introduction by Patrizio Barbieri Musurgiana 24 Lucca Italy Libreria Musicale Italiana 1991 Daniels Arthur Michael 1965 Microtonality and Mean Tone Temperament in the Harmonic System of Francisco Salinas Journal of Music Theory 9 no 1 Spring 2 51 Dumbrill Richard J 2000 The Musicology and Organology of the Ancient Near East second edition London Tadema Press ISBN 0 9533633 0 9 Fink Robert 1988 The Oldest Song in the World Archaeologia Musicalis 2 no 2 98 100 Fritsch Johannes G 2007 Allgemeine Harmonik Tonsysteme Mikrotonalitat Ein geschichtlicher Uberblick In Orientierungen Wege im Pluralismus der Gegenwartsmusik edited by Jorn Peter Hiekel 107 22 Veroffentlichungen des Instituts fur Neue Musik und Musikerziehung Darmstadt 47 Mainz Schott Musik International ISBN 978 3 7957 1837 4 Gilmore Bob 1998 Harry Partch A Biography New Haven Yale University Press ISBN 0 300 06521 3 Haas Georg Friedrich 2007 Mikrotonalitat und spektrale Musik seit 1980 In Orientierungen Wege im Pluralismus der Gegenwartsmusik edited by Jorn Peter Hiekel 123 29 Veroffentlichungen des Instituts fur Neue Musik und Musikerziehung Darmstadt 47 Mainz Schott Musik International ISBN 978 3 7957 1837 4 Haba Alois 1927 Neue Harmonielehre des diatonischen chromatischen Viertel Drittel Sechstel und Zwolftel tonsystems Leipzig Kistner amp Siegel Jedrzejewski Franck 2003 Dictionnaire des musiques microtonales Dictionary of Microtonal Musics Paris L Harmattan ISBN 2 7475 5576 3 Jedrzejewski Franck 2014 Dictionnaire des musiques microtonales Nouvelle edition revue et augmentee 1892 2013 Dictionary of Microtonal Musics Paris L Harmattan ISBN 978 2343035406 Johnston Ben 2006 Maximum Clarity and other writings on music ed B Gilmore Urbana and Chicago University of Illinois Press Kotschy Johannes 2008 Mikrotonalitat Eine Zeiterscheinung Osterreichische Musikzeitschrift 63 no 7 July 8 15 Landman Yuri 2008 Third Bridge Helix From Experimental Punk to Ancient Chinese Music and the Universal Physical Laws of Consonance Perfect Sound Forever online music magazine accessed 6 December 2008 Landman Yuri n d Yuichi Onoue s Kaisatsuko on Hypercustom com accessed 31 March 2009 Leedy Douglas 1991 A Venerable Temperament Rediscovered Perspectives of New Music 29 no 2 Summer 202 11 Mandelbaum M Joel 1961 Multiple Division Of the Octave and the Tonal Resources of the 19 Tone Temperament Ph D thesis Bloomington Indiana University Mosch Ulrich 2008 Ultrachromatik und Mikrotonalitat Hans Zenders Grundlegung einer neuen Harmonik In Hans Zender Vielstimmig in sich edited by Werner Grunzweig Anouk Jeschke and Jorn Peter Hiekel 61 76 Archive zur Musik des 20 Jahrhunderts No 12 Hofheim Wolke ISBN 978 3 936000 25 2 Stahnke Manfred 2010 About Backyards and Limbos Microtonality Revisited In Concepts Experiments and Fieldwork Studies in Systematic Musicology and Ethnomusicology edited by Rolf Bader Christiane Neuhaus and Ulrich Morgenstern with a prefaceby Achim Reichel 297 314 Frankfurt am Main and New York Peter Lang ISBN 978 3 631 58902 1 Vitale Raoul 1982 La Musique sumero accadienne gamme et notation musicale Ugarit Forschungen 14 241 63 Werntz Julia 2001 Adding Pitches Some New Thoughts Ten Years after Perspectives of New Music s Forum Microtonality Today Perspectives of New Music 39 no 2 Summer 159 210 Wood James 1986 Microtonality Aesthetics and Practicality The Musical Times 127 no 1719 June 328 30 Zweifel Paul 1996 Generalized Diatonic and Pentatonic Scales A Group Theoretic Approach Perspectives of New Music 34 no 1 Winter 140 61 外部連結 编辑维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源 微分音音樂开放式目录计划中和微分音音樂相关的内容 Aikin Jim 2003 Jim Aikin s article on alternative tuning in electronic music Anon n d Nicola Vicentino 1511 1576 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 IVO Sacred Music in the Italian Cinquecento outside Venice and Rome edited by Chris Whent Here Of A Sunday Morning website Accessed 19 August 2008 Chalmers John Dr John Chalmers Divisions of the Tetrachord 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Loli Charles 2008 Microtonalismo 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Article on alternative tuning in Peruvian music Solis Winkler Ernesto 2004 Julian Carrillo and the 13th Sound A Microtonal Musical System Accessed 19 August 2008 Wilson Erv Wilson Archives of papers on microtonal theory 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Links to microtonal composers 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 at Xenharmonic Wiki Links to microtonal projects around the world 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 at Xenharmonic Wiki Offtonic Microtonal Synthesizer 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 a browser based synth to explore microtonal tunings with a QWERTY keyboardtemplate Musical tuning 英语 template Musical tuning template Microtonal music 英语 template Microtonal music template Modernism music 英语 template Modernism music 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 微分音音樂 amp oldid 72368218, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，

文章

，阅读，下载，免费，免费下载，mp3，视频，mp4，3gp， jpg，jpeg，gif，png，图片，音乐，歌曲，电影，书籍，游戏，游戏。