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奇異豬籠草

奇異豬籠草学名Nepenthes mirabilis)是分布最为广泛猪笼草属植物。[18]:61种加词mirabilis”来源于拉丁文,意为“奇异的,令人惊叹的”。其是豬籠草属中分布最为广泛的物种,其分布范围覆盖东南亚马来群岛的主要岛屿(除开小巽他群岛菲律宾北部地区),并一直北延至中国南部,南延至澳大利亚[1]猪笼草属中,奇異豬籠草具有最多的变型和变种,其中最知名的为汶萊以及沙撈越特有的变种——棘口奇异猪笼草N. mirabilis var. echinostoma,其具有极宽的唇。[2]

奇異豬籠草
奇異豬籠草的上位笼
科学分类
界: 植物界 Plantae
演化支 维管植物 Tracheophyta
演化支 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支 真双子叶植物 Eudicots
目: 石竹目 Caryophyllales
科: 猪笼草科 Nepenthaceae
属: 猪笼草属 Nepenthes
种: 奇異豬籠草 N. mirabilis
二名法
Nepenthes mirabilis
(Lour.) Rafarin, 1869[注 1]
奇異豬籠草的分佈地
異名

同物异名

异物同名

非正式名

  • Nepenthes sp. Phanga Nga
    S.McPherson (2009)
  • Nepenthes Viking
    M.Tada (2007)[17]

前林奈名

奇异猪笼草的叶片和捕虫笼质地柔软,捕虫笼耐久性不佳,易枯萎。在杂交中,其捕虫笼形态与质地的性状强势,仅在维多利亚时代常用于育种,现已极少使用。[18]:61

奇異豬籠草已被世界自然保護聯盟列入《2006年世界自然保護聯盟瀕危物種紅色名錄》中,保护状况無危[19]。在香港,奇異豬籠草受香港法例第96章《林區及郊區條例》保護。

马修·杰布马丁·奇克所指,新幾內亞以奇異豬籠草的捕虫笼作陰莖護套。

形态特征

 
生长于岩石表面的奇异猪笼草,摄于帛琉

奇异猪笼草为直立草本或攀援藤本,高0.5至2米。莲座状植株的叶片密集,近无柄,基部半抱茎,呈披针形,长约10厘米,边缘呈流苏状。笼蔓短于叶片。攀援茎的叶片散生,具柄,呈长圆形或披针形,长10至25厘米。叶基下延,全缘或为流苏状,两面常具紫红色斑点,中脉两侧各具纵脉4至8条,笼蔓约与叶片等长,具上位笼或否。[20]

奇异猪笼草的下位笼高约2至6厘米,为狭卵形或近圆柱形,被疏柔毛和星状毛。腹面具一对笼翼,笼翼具翼须。笼盖基部的后方的笼蔓尾分叉,分2至8条。笼盖为卵形或近圆形,其内表面密布近圆形的腺体。[20]

奇异猪笼草的上位笼高8至16厘米,近圆筒形,下部稍扩大,笼口处缩窄或否。被疏毛、分叉毛和星状毛。笼翼缩小为一对隆起。宽约0.2宽0.4厘米,内表面上半部为蜡质区,下半部密生火山口状腺体。笼蔓尾二叉。笼盖为卵形或长圆形,下表面具密集的近圆形腺体。[20]

奇异猪笼草的花序总状花序,长20至50厘米。被长柔毛,与叶对生或顶生。花梗长0.5至1.5厘米。花被片4片,红至紫红色,椭圆形或长圆形,背面被柔毛,腹面密被近圆形腺体。雄花的花被片长0.5至0.7厘米,雄蕊柄具花药1轮,稍扭转。雌花的花被片长0.4至0.5厘米。子房椭圆形,具短柄或近无柄,密被淡黄色柔毛或星状毛。蒴果栗色,长0.5至3厘米;果爿4片,狭披针形。种子丝状,长约1.2厘米。花期为4至11月,果期为8至12月。[20]

分布范围

奇异猪笼草分布广泛,其存在于澳大利亚约克角半岛)、婆羅洲蘇門答臘柬埔寨加罗林群岛帕劳雅蒲島)、中国广东省海南省[21][22]香港澳门橫琴)、當特爾卡斯托群島爪哇老挝路易西亚德群岛摩鹿加群島緬甸新幾內亞西马来西亚菲律賓迪纳加特岛棉兰老岛)、蘇拉威西島苏门答腊岛泰國越南[1][18]:61[23][24][25][26][27][28][29]

此外,其也存在于许多小型岛屿中,包括巴比岛、邦加島巴尼亞群島巴圖群島望加丽岛、恩加诺岛、兰塔岛、达鲁岛、浮罗交怡、孟德尔岛、明打威群島北巴蓋島西比路島南巴蓋島)、美兰地群岛(巴東島朗桑島直名丁宜島)、尼亞斯島槟榔屿廖内群岛林加群島、廖内岛)、魯帕島[30]塔威塔威[31],也可能存在于沃沃尼島[32]

相关物种

奇异猪笼草与澳大利亚特有的罗恩猪笼草N. rowanae细猪笼草N. tenax之间存在着密切的近缘关系。

奇异猪笼草与罗恩猪笼草之间形态特征的区别(Clarke & Kruger, 2005)
形态特征 奇异猪笼草 罗恩猪笼草
叶片形态 急尖至圆形 叶尖缩小,笼蔓处仍有延伸出来的窄细末端
笼蔓与叶片的衔接处 位于末端 盾形
笼翼 单一,具翼须 翼须呈“T”形
叶片质地 通常为纸质 强韧的革质
叶片基部 简单或下延至节间距的三分之一 下延超过节间距的二分之一
捕虫笼下部的消化腺密度 1600至2500个每平方厘米 约3600个每平方厘米
上位笼的笼肩位置 中间靠下 上四分之一处
下位笼的笼肩位置 下三分之一到四分之一处 唇下

在食虫植物数据库中,分类学家简·斯洛尔(Jan Schlauer)空堪达猪笼草N. kongkandana列为奇异猪笼草的同物异名。[33]

种下类群

奇异猪笼草的捕虫笼在形态和颜色方面具有非常大的可变性,同时也是猪笼草属内存在最多同物异名的物种。[34]以下是已被描述的奇异猪笼草的变型和变种棘口奇异猪笼草球状奇异猪笼草N. mirabilis var. globosa的命名现在被视为是无效的。[來源請求]

  • Nepenthes mirabilis f. anamensis (Hort.Weiner) Hort.Westphal (1991)
  • Nepenthes mirabilis var. anamensis Hort.Weiner in sched. (1985) nom.nud.
  • Nepenthes mirabilis var. biflora J.H.Adam & Wilcock (1992)
  • Nepenthes mirabilis var. echinostoma (Hook.f.) Hort.Slack ex J.H.Adam & Wilcock (1992)
  • Nepenthes mirabilis var. globosa M.Catal. (2010)[35]
  • Nepenthes mirabilis f. simensis (Hort.Weiner) Hort.Westphal (1991)
  • Nepenthes mirabilis var. simensis Hort.Weiner in sched. (1985) nom.nud.
  • Nepenthes mirabilis f. smilesii (Hemsl.) Hort.Westphal (2000)
  • Nepenthes mirabilis var. smilesii (Hemsl.) Hort.Weiner in sched. (1985)
 
 
棘口奇异猪笼草的上位笼(左)及球状奇异猪笼草的下位笼(右)

棘口奇异猪笼草

棘口奇异猪笼草仅存在于婆罗洲西部。其生长势与对环境的适应性不如原变型。[18]:771865年,奥多阿多·贝卡利发现了棘口奇异猪笼草。1873年,约瑟夫·道尔顿·胡克将其描述为一个物种——棘口猪笼草N. echinostoma[36]1882年,弗雷德里克·威廉·伯比奇在他的著作《园丁纪事》中对其进行了描述。[注 2][36][37]

棘口奇异猪笼草是唯一存在于文莱的奇异猪笼草变型。它还存在于沙捞越,但尚未在沙巴发现。[36]

球状奇异猪笼草

球状奇异猪笼草存在于攀牙府附近安达曼海上的一个为未公开岛屿及泰国董里市附近。[1][35]

其分类曾存在争议,一部分人认为其为独立物种,另一部分人则认为其是一个自然杂交种。[18]:72该变种最早出现于2006年1月的《食虫植物研究会杂志》封面上,其被标注为“Nepenthes sp. from Thailand”。[38]球状猪笼草N. globosa一词最早出现在仓田重夫一篇刊登于2007年7月《食虫植物研究会杂志》的文章中。[15]同期,多田雅宏也发表了一篇文章,将该类群描述为海盗猪笼草N. sp. viking[17]马尔切洛·卡塔拉诺的描述发表前,该类群在斯图尔特·麦克弗森2009的专著《旧大陆的猪笼草》中也被称为攀牙猪笼草Nepenthes sp. Phanga Nga)[1]

在园艺贸易中,该变种常被称为球状猪笼草和海盗猪笼草。[1][39]其被称为海盗猪笼草,是因为其捕虫笼类似于海盗船的船头。[40]

共生生物

已在奇异猪笼草的捕虫笼中发现了大量的共生生物。包括分布于澳大利亚的奇异猪笼草捕虫笼中的巴布亚麻蝇Sarcophaga papuensis和瓦氏猪笼草螨Nepenthacarus warreni[41][42]此外,在帛琉雅蒲島的奇异猪笼草捕虫笼中分别发现于两种伊蚊Aedes dybasiAedes maehleri[43]这些昆虫都具有特殊的生活史和与此习性相关的形态特征。[44][45]

存在于泰国奇异猪笼草捕虫笼中的奇异线虫Baujardia mirabilis已被描述。在奇异猪笼草的捕虫笼中发现这种线虫并不是一个偶然;其捕虫笼已成为了奇异线虫的天然栖息地。孑孓和奇异线虫主导着捕虫笼中的微生态系统。据推测,这种线虫与一种或多种共生昆虫间存在着携播关系。[46]

在中国南部,曾观察到树蛙在奇异猪笼草的捕虫笼中栖息。这些树蛙并不是猪笼草的猎物,而会在捕食猪笼草内捕食昆虫。[47]它们不受强酸性的消化液的影响(其pH值可低至2),可能是由于其具有皮肤表面粘液的隔离。[48]

澳大利亚贾丁河沿岸生长的奇异猪笼草,在其捕虫笼中发现了一种特殊的水生真菌。其菌丝自由生活于消化液中,或附着于捕虫笼内昆虫的几丁质外壳上。[49][50]

此外,还发现奇异猪笼草的捕虫笼中存在着一个极其复杂的细菌群落。[51]

自然杂交种

奇异猪笼草是猪笼草属中已知自然杂交种最多的物种。以下是已发现的奇异猪笼草的自然杂交种[1]

注释

  1. ^ 若昂·德理路在1790年将奇异猪笼草最先描述为Phyllamphora mirabilis。1805年,卡尔·路德维希·韦尔登诺将其移至猪笼草属下,并错误的组成为Nepenthes phyllamphora。大部分文献都显示[1][2][3][4][5]乔治·克拉里奇·德鲁斯于1916年最先发表了正确的二名学名Nepenthes mirabilis[6],但在食虫植物数据库中,简·斯洛尔(Jan Schlauer)将最早发表者注为1869年的Rafarin[7]
  2. ^ 弗雷德里克·威廉·伯比奇在他的著作《园丁纪事》中的原文:[36][37]

參考文献

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  • 吴钿, 叶昌辉. 2000. 雷州半岛野生猪笼草资源及其栽培利用的研究(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). 湛江师范学院学报. 21(2): 15–16.
  • 吴钿, 叶昌辉. 2000. 猪笼草叶的形态解剖结构研究. 广西植物. 20(2): 153–155.
  • 谢怡青, 谢雄辉, 丘亮伟, 黄愉光. 2007. 猪笼草组培快繁技术研究(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). 广西农业科学 38(2): 131–132.
  • 徐迟默. 2003. 猪笼草[永久失效連結]. 热带农业科学. 23(5): 53–59.
  • (泰文) . [video] 77 NationChannel.
  • Nepenthes of Peninsula Malaysia (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) by Stewart McPherson

扩展阅读

  • 香港植物标本馆
  • 原生地中的球状奇异猪笼草
  • 食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中奇异猪笼草的照片(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  • 食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中棘口奇异猪笼草的照片(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  • 食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中球状奇异猪笼草的照片(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆

  维基共享资源上的相關多媒體資源:奇异猪笼草

奇異豬籠草, 学名, nepenthes, mirabilis, 是分布最为广泛猪笼草属植物, 61其种加词, mirabilis, 来源于拉丁文, 意为, 奇异的, 令人惊叹的, 其是豬籠草属中分布最为广泛的物种, 其分布范围覆盖东南亚, 马来群岛的主要岛屿, 除开小巽他群岛及菲律宾北部地区, 并一直北延至中国南部, 南延至澳大利亚, 猪笼草属中, 具有最多的变型和变种, 其中最知名的为汶萊以及沙撈越特有的变种, 棘口奇异猪笼草, mirabilis, echinostoma, 其具有极宽的唇, 的上位笼保护状况. 奇異豬籠草 学名 Nepenthes mirabilis 是分布最为广泛猪笼草属植物 18 61其种加词 mirabilis 来源于拉丁文 意为 奇异的 令人惊叹的 其是豬籠草属中分布最为广泛的物种 其分布范围覆盖东南亚 马来群岛的主要岛屿 除开小巽他群岛及菲律宾北部地区 并一直北延至中国南部 南延至澳大利亚 1 猪笼草属中 奇異豬籠草具有最多的变型和变种 其中最知名的为汶萊以及沙撈越特有的变种 棘口奇异猪笼草 N mirabilis var echinostoma 其具有极宽的唇 2 奇異豬籠草奇異豬籠草的上位笼保护状况无危 IUCN 3 1 科学分类界 植物界 Plantae演化支 维管植物 Tracheophyta演化支 被子植物 Angiosperms演化支 真双子叶植物 Eudicots目 石竹目 Caryophyllales科 猪笼草科 Nepenthaceae属 猪笼草属 Nepenthes种 奇異豬籠草 N mirabilis二名法Nepenthes mirabilis Lour Rafarin 1869 注 1 奇異豬籠草的分佈地異名同物异名 Nepenthes alataauct non Blanco Danser 1928 8 N abalata N alata N benstonei N copelandii N eustachya N graciliflora N mindanaoensis N mirabilis N negros N philippinensis 9 10 11 Nepenthes albolineataF M Bail 1898 Nepenthes alicaeF M Bail 1898 Nepenthes armbrustaeF M Bail 1905 Nepenthes beauvaisiiA Truffaut 1887 nom nud Nepenthes bernaysiiF M Bail 1881 12 Nepenthes canthariferaJuss ex Raf 1835 Nepenthes cholmondeleyiF M Bail 1900 Nepenthes distillatoriaauct non L Steud 1841 Nepenthes echinostomaHook f 1873 13 Nepenthes fimbriataBl 1852 Nepenthes fimbriata var leptostachyaBlume 1852 14 Nepenthes garrawayaeF M Bail 1905 Nepenthes globosaSh Kurata 2007 15 nom nud Nepenthes hainanensisMetcalfe amp Chalk 1950 sphalm typogr Nepenthes hainanianaMetcalfe amp Chalk 1950 nom nud Nepenthes hainensisHort ex Y Fukatsu 1999 sphalm typogr Nepenthes jardineiF M Bail 1897 Nepenthes kampotianaauct non Lecomte Hort ex Hort Bot Berlin in sched 1996 Nepenthes kennedyanaF Muell 1865 Nepenthes kennedyana var rubraHort Ratcliff 1880 nom nud Nepenthes kennedyiBenth 1873 sphalm typogr Nepenthes macrostachyaBlume 1852 14 Nepenthes moluccensisOken 1841 Nepenthes mooreiF M Bail 1898 Nepenthes obrienianaLinden amp Rodigas 1890 nom ambiguum N gracilis N rafflesiana N hirsuta N distillatoria N gracilis N mirabilis Nepenthes pascoensisF M Bail 1905 Nepenthes phyllamphoraWilld 1805 nom illeg Nepenthes phyllamphoraauct non Willd Regel 1881 N khasiana N mirabilis Nepenthes phyllamphora var macranthaHook f 1873 13 Nepenthes phyllamphora var pediculataLecomte 1909 Nepenthes phyllamphora var platyphyllaBlume 1852 14 Nepenthes phyllamphora var speciosaHort Van Houtte ex Rafarin 1869 Nepenthes scyphusJuss ex Raf 1835 Nepenthes sinensisHort Bot Goettingen in sched 1998 nom nud Nepenthes tubulosaMacfarl 1908 16 Nepenthes vieillardiiauct non Hook f Hort ex Studnicka 1989 Phyllamphora mirabilisLour 1790 异物同名 Nepenthes mirabilisauct non Lour Rafarin Danser 1928 N mirabilis N rowanae 非正式名 Nepenthes sp Phanga NgaS McPherson 2009 Nepenthes VikingM Tada 2007 17 前林奈名 Cantharifera Rumph 1750 奇异猪笼草的叶片和捕虫笼质地柔软 捕虫笼耐久性不佳 易枯萎 在杂交中 其捕虫笼形态与质地的性状强势 仅在维多利亚时代常用于育种 现已极少使用 18 61奇異豬籠草已被世界自然保護聯盟列入 2006年世界自然保護聯盟瀕危物種紅色名錄 中 保护状况为無危 19 在香港 奇異豬籠草受香港法例第96章 林區及郊區條例 保護 據马修 杰布及马丁 奇克所指 新幾內亞以奇異豬籠草的捕虫笼作陰莖護套 目录 1 形态特征 2 分布范围 3 相关物种 4 种下类群 4 1 棘口奇异猪笼草 4 2 球状奇异猪笼草 5 共生生物 6 自然杂交种 7 注释 8 參考文献 9 扩展阅读形态特征 编辑 生长于岩石表面的奇异猪笼草 摄于帛琉 奇异猪笼草为直立草本或攀援藤本 高0 5至2米 莲座状植株的叶片密集 近无柄 基部半抱茎 呈披针形 长约10厘米 边缘呈流苏状 笼蔓短于叶片 攀援茎的叶片散生 具柄 呈长圆形或披针形 长10至25厘米 叶基下延 全缘或为流苏状 两面常具紫红色斑点 中脉两侧各具纵脉4至8条 笼蔓约与叶片等长 具上位笼或否 20 奇异猪笼草的下位笼高约2至6厘米 为狭卵形或近圆柱形 被疏柔毛和星状毛 腹面具一对笼翼 笼翼具翼须 笼盖基部的后方的笼蔓尾分叉 分2至8条 笼盖为卵形或近圆形 其内表面密布近圆形的腺体 20 奇异猪笼草的上位笼高8至16厘米 近圆筒形 下部稍扩大 笼口处缩窄或否 被疏毛 分叉毛和星状毛 笼翼缩小为一对隆起 唇宽约0 2宽0 4厘米 内表面上半部为蜡质区 下半部密生火山口状腺体 笼蔓尾二叉 笼盖为卵形或长圆形 下表面具密集的近圆形腺体 20 奇异猪笼草的花序为总状花序 长20至50厘米 被长柔毛 与叶对生或顶生 花梗长0 5至1 5厘米 花被片4片 红至紫红色 椭圆形或长圆形 背面被柔毛 腹面密被近圆形腺体 雄花的花被片长0 5至0 7厘米 雄蕊柄具花药1轮 稍扭转 雌花的花被片长0 4至0 5厘米 子房椭圆形 具短柄或近无柄 密被淡黄色柔毛或星状毛 蒴果栗色 长0 5至3厘米 果爿4片 狭披针形 种子丝状 长约1 2厘米 花期为4至11月 果期为8至12月 20 分布范围 编辑奇异猪笼草分布广泛 其存在于澳大利亚 约克角半岛 婆羅洲 蘇門答臘 柬埔寨 加罗林群岛 帕劳及雅蒲島 中国 广东省 海南省 21 22 香港 澳门及橫琴 當特爾卡斯托群島 爪哇 老挝 路易西亚德群岛 摩鹿加群島 緬甸 新幾內亞 西马来西亚 菲律賓 迪纳加特岛及棉兰老岛 蘇拉威西島 苏门答腊岛 泰國及越南 1 18 61 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 此外 其也存在于许多小型岛屿中 包括巴比岛 邦加島 巴尼亞群島 巴圖群島 望加丽岛 恩加诺岛 兰塔岛 达鲁岛 浮罗交怡 孟德尔岛 明打威群島 北巴蓋島 西比路島 南巴蓋島 美兰地群岛 巴東島 朗桑島 直名丁宜島 尼亞斯島 槟榔屿 廖内群岛 林加群島 廖内岛 魯帕島 30 塔威塔威 31 也可能存在于沃沃尼島 32 相关物种 编辑奇异猪笼草与澳大利亚特有的罗恩猪笼草 N rowanae 和细猪笼草 N tenax 之间存在着密切的近缘关系 奇异猪笼草与罗恩猪笼草之间形态特征的区别 Clarke amp Kruger 2005 形态特征 奇异猪笼草 罗恩猪笼草叶片形态 急尖至圆形 叶尖缩小 笼蔓处仍有延伸出来的窄细末端笼蔓与叶片的衔接处 位于末端 盾形笼翼 单一 具翼须 翼须呈 T 形叶片质地 通常为纸质 强韧的革质叶片基部 简单或下延至节间距的三分之一 下延超过节间距的二分之一捕虫笼下部的消化腺密度 1600至2500个每平方厘米 约3600个每平方厘米上位笼的笼肩位置 中间靠下 上四分之一处下位笼的笼肩位置 下三分之一到四分之一处 唇下在食虫植物数据库中 分类学家简 斯洛尔 Jan Schlauer 将空堪达猪笼草 N kongkandana 列为奇异猪笼草的同物异名 33 种下类群 编辑奇异猪笼草的捕虫笼在形态和颜色方面具有非常大的可变性 同时也是猪笼草属内存在最多同物异名的物种 34 以下是已被描述的奇异猪笼草的变型和变种 棘口奇异猪笼草和球状奇异猪笼草 N mirabilis var globosa 的命名现在被视为是无效的 來源請求 Nepenthes mirabilis f anamensis Hort Weiner Hort Westphal 1991 Nepenthes mirabilis var anamensis Hort Weiner in sched 1985 nom nud Nepenthes mirabilis var biflora J H Adam amp Wilcock 1992 Nepenthes mirabilis var echinostoma Hook f Hort Slack ex J H Adam amp Wilcock 1992 Nepenthes mirabilis var globosa M Catal 2010 35 Nepenthes mirabilis f simensis Hort Weiner Hort Westphal 1991 Nepenthes mirabilis var simensis Hort Weiner in sched 1985 nom nud Nepenthes mirabilis f smilesii Hemsl Hort Westphal 2000 Nepenthes mirabilis var smilesii Hemsl Hort Weiner in sched 1985 棘口奇异猪笼草的上位笼 左 及球状奇异猪笼草的下位笼 右 棘口奇异猪笼草 编辑 棘口奇异猪笼草仅存在于婆罗洲西部 其生长势与对环境的适应性不如原变型 18 771865年 奥多阿多 贝卡利发现了棘口奇异猪笼草 1873年 约瑟夫 道尔顿 胡克将其描述为一个物种 棘口猪笼草 N echinostoma 36 1882年 弗雷德里克 威廉 伯比奇在他的著作 园丁纪事 中对其进行了描述 注 2 36 37 棘口奇异猪笼草是唯一存在于文莱的奇异猪笼草变型 它还存在于沙捞越 但尚未在沙巴发现 36 球状奇异猪笼草 编辑 球状奇异猪笼草存在于攀牙府附近安达曼海上的一个为未公开岛屿及泰国董里市附近 1 35 其分类曾存在争议 一部分人认为其为独立物种 另一部分人则认为其是一个自然杂交种 18 72该变种最早出现于2006年1月的 食虫植物研究会杂志 封面上 其被标注为 Nepenthes sp from Thailand 38 球状猪笼草 N globosa 一词最早出现在仓田重夫一篇刊登于2007年7月 食虫植物研究会杂志 的文章中 15 同期 多田雅宏也发表了一篇文章 将该类群描述为海盗猪笼草 N sp viking 17 在马尔切洛 卡塔拉诺的描述发表前 该类群在斯图尔特 麦克弗森2009的专著 旧大陆的猪笼草 中也被称为攀牙猪笼草 Nepenthes sp Phanga Nga 1 在园艺贸易中 该变种常被称为球状猪笼草和海盗猪笼草 1 39 其被称为海盗猪笼草 是因为其捕虫笼类似于海盗船的船头 40 共生生物 编辑已在奇异猪笼草的捕虫笼中发现了大量的共生生物 包括分布于澳大利亚的奇异猪笼草捕虫笼中的巴布亚麻蝇 Sarcophaga papuensis 和瓦氏猪笼草螨 Nepenthacarus warreni 41 42 此外 在帛琉和雅蒲島的奇异猪笼草捕虫笼中分别发现于两种伊蚊 Aedes dybasi和Aedes maehleri 43 这些昆虫都具有特殊的生活史和与此习性相关的形态特征 44 45 存在于泰国奇异猪笼草捕虫笼中的奇异线虫 Baujardia mirabilis 已被描述 在奇异猪笼草的捕虫笼中发现这种线虫并不是一个偶然 其捕虫笼已成为了奇异线虫的天然栖息地 孑孓和奇异线虫主导着捕虫笼中的微生态系统 据推测 这种线虫与一种或多种共生昆虫间存在着携播关系 46 在中国南部 曾观察到树蛙在奇异猪笼草的捕虫笼中栖息 这些树蛙并不是猪笼草的猎物 而会在捕食猪笼草内捕食昆虫 47 它们不受强酸性的消化液的影响 其pH值可低至2 可能是由于其具有皮肤表面粘液的隔离 48 在澳大利亚贾丁河沿岸生长的奇异猪笼草 在其捕虫笼中发现了一种特殊的水生真菌 其菌丝自由生活于消化液中 或附着于捕虫笼内昆虫的几丁质外壳上 49 50 此外 还发现奇异猪笼草的捕虫笼中存在着一个极其复杂的细菌群落 51 自然杂交种 编辑奇异猪笼草是猪笼草属中已知自然杂交种最多的物种 以下是已发现的奇异猪笼草的自然杂交种 1 N alata N merrilliana N mirabilis N tsangoya 52 N alata N mirabilis N mirabilata 3 53 N ampullaria N mirabilis N kuchingensis Nepenthes cutinensis 2 N ampullaria N rafflesiana N mirabilis N hookeriana N mirabilis 54 N andamana N mirabilis 55 包括N andamana N mirabilis var globosa 55 N benstonei N mirabilis 4 N bicalcarata N mirabilis 1 包括N bicalcarata N mirabilis var echinostoma 2 N bicalcarata N rafflesiana N mirabilis var echinostoma 2 N gracilis N mirabilis N sharifah hapsahii N ghazallyana N grabilis N neglecta 1 2 56 N insignis N mirabilis 57 N kampotiana N mirabilis 55 N kongkandana N mirabilis 55 N merrilliana N mirabilis 1 N mirabilis N northiana 58 59 N mirabilis N rafflesiana 2 包括N mirabilis var echinostoma N rafflesiana 18 87 59 N mirabilis N reinwardtiana 59 N mirabilis N rowanae 60 N mirabilis N smilesii 61 N mirabilis N spathulata 4 N mirabilis N sumatrana 1 N mirabilis N tenax 1 N mirabilis N thorelii 62 63 64 N mirabilis N tomoriana 1 本斯通猪笼草与奇异猪笼草的自然杂交种 沙礼花 哈萨猪笼草 奇异猪笼草与诺斯猪笼草的自然杂交种 奇异猪笼草与莱佛士猪笼草的自然杂交种 棘口奇异猪笼草与莱佛士猪笼草的自然杂交种 奇异猪笼草与苏门答腊猪笼草的自然杂交种 奇异猪笼草与高棉猪笼草的自然杂交种 奇异猪笼草与托莫里猪笼草的自然杂交种 奇異豬籠草的雄花注释 编辑 若昂 德理路在1790年将奇异猪笼草最先描述为Phyllamphora mirabilis 1805年 卡尔 路德维希 韦尔登诺将其移至猪笼草属下 并错误的组成为Nepenthes phyllamphora 大部分文献都显示 1 2 3 4 5 乔治 克拉里奇 德鲁斯于1916年最先发表了正确的二名学名Nepenthes mirabilis 6 但在食虫植物数据库中 简 斯洛尔 Jan Schlauer 将最早发表者注为1869年的Rafarin 7 弗雷德里克 威廉 伯比奇在他的著作 园丁纪事 中的原文 36 37 Beccari s singular N echinostoma vide Herb Kew is a wonderful thing as yet unintroduced indeed I suppose unseen by any save Beccari The mouths of the urns remind one of the deflexed teeth of some gigantic moss of the Hypnoid section 參考文献 编辑 1 00 1 01 1 02 1 03 1 04 1 05 1 06 1 07 1 08 1 09 1 10 1 11 1 12 McPherson S R 2009 Pitcher Plants of the Old World 2 volumes Redfern Natural History Productions Poole 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 Clarke C M 1997 Nepenthes of Borneo Natural History Publications Borneo Kota Kinabalu 3 0 3 1 Cheek M R amp M H P Jebb 2001 Nepenthaceae Flora Malesiana 15 1 157 4 0 4 1 4 2 Clarke C M 2001 Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia Natural History Publications Borneo Kota Kinabalu Danser B H 1928 The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg Serie III 9 3 4 249 438 Druce G 1916 Nepenthes mirabilis In Botanical Exchange Club of the British Isles Report 4 637 Schlauer J N d Nepenthes mirabilis Carnivorous Plant Database Danser B H 1928 1 Nepenthes alata Blanco 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 pp 258 262 In The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg Serie III 9 3 4 249 438 Cheek M amp M Jebb 2013 Typification and redelimitation of Nepenthes alata with notes on the N alata group and N negros sp nov from the Philippines Nordic Journal of Botany published online on August 22 2013 doi 10 1111 j 1756 1051 2012 00099 x Clarke C amp C C Lee 2012 A revision of Nepenthes Nepenthaceae from Gunung Tahan Peninsular Malaysia 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Gardens Bulletin Singapore 64 1 33 49 Schlauer J N d Nepenthes alata 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Carnivorous Plant Database Bailey F M 1881 On a new species of Nepenthes 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 The Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 5 185 187 13 0 13 1 拉丁文 Hooker J D 1873 Ordo CLXXV bis Nepenthaceae In A de Candolle Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 17 90 105 14 0 14 1 14 2 拉丁文 Blume C L 1852 Ord Nepenthaceae 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 In Museum Botanicum Lugduno Batavum sive stirpium exoticarum novarum vel minus cognitarum ex vivis aut siccis brevis expositio Tom II Nr 1 E J Brill Lugduni Batavorum pp 5 10 15 0 15 1 日語 Kurata S 2007 ネペンテス ノート XIV Nepenthes globosa のネーミングについて 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Journal of Insectivorous Plant Society 58 3 76 Macfarlane J M 1908 Nepenthaceae In A Engler Das Pflanzenreich IV III Heft 36 1 91 17 0 17 1 日語 Tada M 2007 日本における Nepenthes Viking の渡来と現状について 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Journal of Insectivorous Plant Society 58 3 75 18 0 18 1 18 2 18 3 18 4 18 5 夏洛特 食蟲植物觀賞 amp 栽培圖鑑 台北 商周出版 2007 ISBN 978 986 124 850 9 Clarke et al Nepenthes mirabilis The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2000 12 May 2006 引文格式1维护 显式使用等标签 link 20 0 20 1 20 2 20 3 阮云珍 1984 中国植物志 猪笼草 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 北京 科學出版社 34 1 12 Nepenthes mirabilis 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Flora of China 中文 杨光穗 黄少华 徐世松 高艳梅 2006 海南岛野生猪笼草资源调查及其营养成分分析 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 中国农学通报 22 11 440 442 Slack A 1979 Nepenthes mirabilis In Carnivorous Plants Ebury Press London pp 79 80 McPherson S R amp V B Amoroso 2011 Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of the Philippines Redfern Natural History Productions Poole McPherson S R amp A Robinson 2012 Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Borneo Redfern Natural History Productions Poole McPherson S R amp A Robinson 2012 Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sulawesi Redfern Natural History Productions Poole McPherson S R amp A Robinson 2012 Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Peninsular Malaysia and Indochina Redfern Natural History Productions Poole McPherson S R amp A Robinson 2012 Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Australia and New Guinea Redfern Natural History Productions Poole McPherson S R amp A Robinson 2012 Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sumatra and Java Redfern Natural History Productions Poole Clarke C M 2001 Appendix C Distribution Maps In Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia Natural History Publications Borneo Kota Kinabalu pp 299 307 Cheek M amp M Jebb 2013 Recircumscription of the Nepenthes alata group Caryophyllales Nepenthaceae in the Philippines with four new species European Journal of Taxonomy 69 1 23 doi 10 5852 ejt 2013 69 印尼文 Sunarti S A Hidayat amp Rugayah 2008 Keanekaragaman tumbuhan di hutan Pegunungan Waworete Kecamatan Wawonii Timur Pulau Wawonii Sulawesi Tenggara 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Plants diversity at the mountain forest of Waworete East Wawonii District Wawonii Island Southeast Sulawesi Biodiversitas 9 3 194 198 Schlauer J N d Nepenthes kongkandana 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Carnivorous Plant Database Catalano M 2009 Nepenthes In Growing Carnivores an Italian perspective Prague pp 50 57 35 0 35 1 Catalano M 2010 Nepenthes mirabilis var globosa M Catal var nov PDF In Nepenthes della Thailandia Diario di viaggio Prague p 40 36 0 36 1 36 2 36 3 Phillipps A amp A Lamb 1996 Pitcher Plants of Borneo Natural History Publications Borneo Kota Kinabalu 37 0 37 1 Burbidge F W 1882 Notes on the new Nepenthes 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 The Gardeners Chronicle new series 17 420 56 日語 Cover of the January 2006 issue of the Journal of Insectivorous Plant Society 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Insectivorous Plant Society Mey F S 2011 Nepenthes mirabilis var globosa a popular plant 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Strange Fruits A Garden s Chronicle December 24 2011 Guerini M 2011 2010 new species of Carnivorous Plants PDF Associazione Italiana Piante Carnivore Yeates D K H de Souza Lopes amp G B Monteith 1989 A commensal sarcophagid Diptera Sarcophagidae in Nepenthes mirabilis Nepenthaceae pitchers in Australia Australian Entomological Magazine 16 33 39 Fashing N J 2002 Nepenthacarus a new genus of Histiostomatidae Acari Astigmata inhabiting the pitchers of Nepenthes mirabilis Lour Druce in Far North Queensland Australia PDF 1 64 MB Australian Journal of Entomology 41 1 7 17 doi 10 1046 j 1440 6055 2002 00263 x Sota T amp M Mogi 2006 Origin of pitcher plant mosquitoes in Aedes Stegomyia a molecular phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences Journal of Medical Entomology 43 5 795 800 doi 10 1603 0022 2585 2006 43 795 OOPPMI 2 0 CO 2 Bohart R M 1956 Insects of Micronesia Diptera Culicidae PDF Insects Micronesia 12 1 1 85 Mogi M 2010 Unusual life history traits of Aedes Stegomyia mosquitoes Diptera Culicidae inhabiting Nepenthes pitchers Annals of the Entomological Society of America 103 4 618 624 doi 10 1603 AN10028 Bert W I T De Ley R Van Driessche H Segers amp P De Ley 2003 Baujardia mirabilis gen n sp n from pitcher plants and its phylogenetic position within Panagrolaimidae Nematoda Rhabditida PDF Nematology 5 3 405 420 doi 10 1163 156854103769224395 Hua Y amp H Li 2005 Food web and fluid in pitchers of Nepenthes mirabilis in Zhuhai China PDF Acta Botanica Gallica 152 2 165 175 Hua Y amp L Kuizheng 2004 The Special Relationship Between Nepenthes and Tree Frogs PDF Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 33 1 23 24 Cribbs A B 1987 An aquatic fungus from pitchers of Nepenthes mirabilis Queensland Naturalist 28 72 73 Schnell D E 1992 Literature Review Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 21 3 80 82 Yogiara A Suwanto amp M T Suhartono 2006 A complex bacterial community living in pitcher plant fluid 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Jurnal Mikrobiologi Indonesia 11 1 9 14 Lauffenburger A 1995 Guide to Nepenthes Hybrids 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 OmnisTerra Kurata S amp M Toyoshima 1972 Philippine species of Nepenthes The Gardens Bulletin Singapore 26 1 155 158 Abstract 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Lowrie A 1983 Sabah Nepenthes Expeditions 1982 amp 1983 PDF 1 25 MB Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 12 4 88 95 55 0 55 1 55 2 55 3 意大利文 Catalano M 2010 Nepenthes della Thailandia Diario di viaggio Prague Fretwell S 2013 Back in Borneo to see giant Nepenthes Part 2 Mt Tambuyukon and Poring Victorian Carnivorous Plant Society Journal 108 6 15 Rischer H 1995 Observations on the Nepenthes species of Irian Jaya Part I Nepenthes insignis Danser PDF 461 KB Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 24 3 75 77 Lee C C 2007 Re The most accessible limestone hill of Bau 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Carnivorous Plants in the tropics 59 0 59 1 59 2 Phillipps A A Lamb amp C C Lee 2008 Pitcher Plants of Borneo Second Edition Natural History Publications Borneo Kota Kinabalu Clarke C M amp R Kruger 2005 Nepenthes rowanae Nepenthaceae a remarkable species from Cape York Australia 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 34 2 36 41 Mey F S L H Truong D V Dai amp A S Robinson 2011 Nepenthes thorelii an emended description and novel ecological data resulting from its rediscovery in Tay Ninh Vietnam In McPherson S R New Nepenthes Volume One Redfern Natural History Productions Poole pp 104 131 Bednar B 1983 Nepenthes mirabilis variation PDF 111 KB Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 12 3 64 N thorelii rediscovered 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Carnivorous Plants in the tropics Mey F S 2012 Virtual Nepenthes herbarium on Europeana 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Strange Fruits A Garden s Chronicle December 19 2012 Anonymous 1877 Reports of Societies Royal Horticultural 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 The Gardeners Chronicle 8 197 441 Anonymous 2010 Eramet PT Weda Bay Nickel Exploration and Development ESIA 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 ERM Indonesia Jakarta Adam J H 1997 Prey spectra of Bornean Nepenthes species Nepenthaceae in relation to their habitat PDF Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science 20 2 3 121 134 Adam J H amp C C Wilcock 1992 Nepenthes mirabilis Loureiro Druce from Borneo Malayan Nature Journal 46 2 75 84 Adam J H amp C C Wilcock 1999 Palynological study of Bornean Nepenthes Nepenthaceae PDF Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science 22 1 1 7 Adam J H C C Wilcock amp M D Swaine 1989 Ecology and taxonomy of Bornean Nepenthes University of Aberdeen Tropical Biology Newsletter 56 2 4 Adam J H C C Wilcock amp M D Swaine 1992 The ecology and distribution of Bornean Nepenthes PDF Journal of Tropical Forest Science 5 1 13 25 Adam J H R Omar amp C C Wilcock 2002 Phytochemical screening of flavonoids in three hybrids of Nepenthes Nepenthaceae and their putative parental species from Sarawak and Sabah PDF OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 2 9 623 625 doi 10 3923 jbs 2002 623 625 Adam J H E M Nurulhuda H Abdul Halim O Abdul Rahim A H Hafiza G K Gopir L M Pilik R Omar M B Qasim J Salimon S Abdul Rahim amp M M Hanafiah 2005 Pitcher plants recorded from BRIS forest in Jambu Bongkok Kuala Trengganu Malaysia 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Wetland Science 3 3 183 189 印尼文 Akhriadi P 2007 Kajian taksonomi hibrid alami Nepenthes Nepenthaceae di Kerinci Working paper Andalas University Padang Abstract 印尼文 Baloari G R Linda amp Mukarlina 2013 Keanekaragaman jenis dan pola distribusi Nepenthes spp di Gunung Semahung Kecamatan Sengah Temila Kabupaten Landak 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Protobiont 2 1 1 6 Abstract 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Bauer U C J Clemente T Renner amp W Federle 2012 Form follows function morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25 1 90 102 doi 10 1111 j 1420 9101 2011 02406 x Beaman J H amp C Anderson 2004 The Plants of Mount Kinabalu 5 Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae Natural History Publications Borneo Kota Kinabalu Bednar B L 1983 Nepenthes mirabilis variation PDF 111 KB Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 12 3 64 Bednar B L 1985 An unusual mirabilis plant PDF Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 14 4 91 Bednar B L 1985 Nepenthes dominii and var intermedia PDF Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 14 4 105 106 Benz M J E V Gorb amp S N Gorb 2012 Diversity of the slippery zone microstructure in pitchers of nine carnivorous Nepenthes taxa Arthropod Plant Interactions 6 1 147 158 doi 10 1007 s11829 011 9171 2 Beveridge N G P C Rauch P J A Kessler R R van Vugt amp P C van Welzen 2013 A new way to identify living species of Nepenthes Nepenthaceae more data needed Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 42 4 122 128 Bonhomme V H Pelloux Prayer E Jousselin Y Forterre J J Labat amp L Gaume 2011 Slippery or sticky Functional diversity in the trapping strategy of Nepenthes carnivorous plants New Phytologist 191 2 545 554 doi 10 1111 j 1469 8137 2011 03696 x 法文 Brongniart A 1824 Observations sur les genres Cytinus et Nepenthes 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Annales des Sciences Naturelles 1 29 52 Bourke G amp R Nunn 2012 Nepenthes In Australian Carnivorous Plants Redfern Natural History Productions Poole pp 148 167 Buch F M Rott S Rottloff C Paetz I Hilke M Raessler amp A Mithofer 2012 Secreted pitfall trap fluid of carnivorous Nepenthes plants is unsuitable for microbial growth Annals of Botany 111 3 375 383 doi 10 1093 aob mcs287 Chaveerach A A Tanomtong R Sudmoon amp T Tanee 2006 Genetic diversity among geographically separated populations of Nepenthes mirabilis Biologia 61 3 295 298 doi 10 2478 s11756 006 0054 4 Clarke C M 2001 A Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sabah Natural History Publications Borneo Kota Kinabalu Clarke C M 2006 Introduction In Danser B H The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies Natural History Publications Borneo Kota Kinabalu pp 1 15 Co L amp W Suarez 2012 Nepenthaceae 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Co s Digital Flora of the Philippines Clementi G 1843 Sull aascidio della Nepenthes phyllamphora di Wildenow Il Cimento 1 13 14 217 220 doi 10 1007 BF02586236 法文 Corker B 1991 Germination et viabilite des graines de Nepenthes mirabilis 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Dionee 24 Damayanti F M Mansur amp I Roostika 2011 Diversity of Nepenthes spp in West Kalimantan 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation 3 13 705 708 印尼文 Dinarti D U Sayekti amp Y Alitalia 2009 Kultur jaringan kantong semar Nepenthes mirabilis PDF Seminar proceedings Bogor Agricultural University Bogor Dixon W E 1889 Nepenthes 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 The Gardeners Chronicle series 3 6 144 354 印尼文 Enjelina W 2012 Analisis hibrid alam kantung semar Nepenthes di Bukit Taratak Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan Sumatera Barat dengan teknik RAPD M Sc thesis Andalas University Padang Fashing N J 2010 Two novel adaptations for dispersal in the mite family Histiostomatidae Astigmata PDF In M W Sabelis amp J Bruin eds Trends in Acarology Proceedings of the 12th International Congress 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Springer Science Dordrecht pp 81 84 doi 10 1007 978 90 481 9837 5 Fretwell S 2008 Carnivorous plants in Thailand Victorian Carnivorous Plant Society Journal 90 10 13 德文 Gronemeyer T 2008 Nepenthes auf den Philippinen Ein Reisebericht Das Taublatt 60 1 15 27 印尼文 Handayani T 1999 Konservasi Nepenthes di kebun raya Indonesia PDF Conservation of Nepenthes in Indonesian botanic gardens In A Mardiastuti I Sudirman K G Wiryawan L I Sudirman M P Tampubolon R Megia amp Y Lestari eds Prosiding II Seminar Hasil Hasil Penelitian Bidang Ilmu Hayat Pusat Antar Universitas Ilmu Hayat IPB Bogor pp 365 372 Handayani T D Latifah amp Dodo 2005 Diversity and growth behaviour of Nepenthes pitcher plants in Tanjung Puting National Park Central Kalimantan Province 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Biodiversitas 6 4 248 252 Cover 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Hooker J D 1859 XXXV On the origin and development of the pitchers of Nepenthes with an account of some new Bornean plants of that genus 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 22 4 415 424 doi 10 1111 j 1096 3642 1856 tb00113 x Hernawati amp P Akhriadi 2006 A Field Guide to the Nepenthes of Sumatra PILI NGO Movement Bogor Jala A 2011 Effects of different light treatments on the germination of Nepenthes mirabilis PDF International Transaction Journal of Engineering Management amp Applied Sciences amp Technologies 2 1 83 91 Kato M M Hotta R Tamin amp T Itino 1993 Inter and intra specific variation in prey assemblages and inhabitant communities in Nepenthes pitchers in Sumatra Tropical Zoology 6 1 11 25 Abstract Kitching R L 2000 Food Webs and Container Habitats The natural history and ecology of phytotelmata 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Cambridge University Press Cambridge Korthals P W 1839 Over het geslacht Nepenthes In C J Temminck 1839 1842 Verhandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche bezittingen Kruidkunde Leiden pp 1 44 t 1 4 13 15 20 22 Kruger R 2001 Nepenthes of Cape York part 1 Bulletin of the Australian Carnivorous Plant Society 20 3 13 17 Kruger R 2001 Nepenthes of Cape York part 2 Bulletin of the Australian Carnivorous Plant Society 20 4 6 9 Kurup R A J Johnson S Sankar A A Hussain C S Kumar amp S Baby 2013 Fluorescent prey traps in carnivorous plants Plant Biology 15 3 611 615 doi 10 1111 j 1438 8677 2012 00709 x Lavarack P S 1977 Notes on Nepenthes mirabilis and other carnivorous plants in Queensland PDF Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 6 3 49 50 Lavarack P S 1981 Nepenthes mirabilis in Australia PDF Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 10 3 69 72 74 76 Lee C C 2000 Recent Nepenthes Discoveries 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 video The 3rd Conference of the International Carnivorous Plant Society San Francisco USA 印尼文 Lisawati Y 2005 Uji aktivitas immunomodulator tumbuhan kantong semar Nepenthes mirablis L Working paper Andalas University Padang Abstract Macfarlane J M 1914 Family XCVI Nepenthaceae 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 pp 279 288 In J S Gamble Materials for a flora of the Malayan Peninsula No 24 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Journal amp Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 75 3 279 391 Macfarlane J M 1927 The Philippine species of Nepenthes The Philippine Journal of 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Nepenthesarten der Philippinen Eine Fotodokumentation Das Taublatt 60 1 34 78 Meimberg H amp G Heubl 2006 Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae Plant Biology 8 6 831 840 doi 10 1055 s 2006 924676 Meimberg H S Thalhammer A Brachmann amp G Heubl 2006 Comparative analysis of a translocated copy of the trnK intron in carnivorous family Nepenthaceae Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39 2 478 490 doi 10 1016 j ympev 2005 11 023 Meimberg H A Wistuba P Dittrich amp G Heubl 2001 Molecular phylogeny of Nepenthaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid trnK intron sequence data Plant Biology 3 2 164 175 doi 10 1055 s 2001 12897 德文 Meimberg H 2002 Molekular systematische Untersuchungen an den Familien Nepenthaceae und Ancistrocladaceae sowie verwandter Taxa aus der Unterklasse Caryophyllidae s l PDF Ph D thesis Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Munich Mey F S 2010 Introduction to the pitcher plants Nepenthes of Cambodia PDF Cambodian Journal of Natural History 2010 2 106 117 Mey F S 2012 Under a blazing sun in Vietnam 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Strange Fruits A Garden s Chronicle December 22 2012 Mithofer A 2011 Carnivorous pitcher plants insights in an old topic Phytochemistry 72 13 1678 1682 doi 10 1016 j phytochem 2010 11 024 Mokkamul P A Chaveerach R Sudmoon amp T Tanee 2007 Species identification and sex determination of the genus Nepenthes Nepenthaceae PDF 702 KiB Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 10 4 561 567 doi 10 3923 pjbs 2007 561 567 Moore D 1872 On the culture of Nepenthes at Glasnevin 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 The Gardeners Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette 1872 11 359 360 Moran J A W E Booth amp J K Charles 1999 Aspects of pitcher morphology and spectral characteristics of six Bornean Nepenthes pitcher plant species implications for prey capture PDF Annals of Botany 83 521 528 Mullins J amp M Jebb 2009 Phylogeny and biogeography of the genus Nepenthes National Botanic Gardens Glasnevin 印尼文 Murniati Syamswisna amp A Nurdini 2013 Pembuatan flash card dari hasil inventarisasi Nepenthes di hutan adat desa Teluk Bakung 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran 2 1 unpaginated 14 pp Abstract 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Normawati Y 2002 The effect of stem length on pitcher and inflorescence production in Nepenthes gracilis and Nepenthes mirabilis at Serendah Selangor B Sc Thesis Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 日語 Oikawa T 1992 Nepenthes mirabilis Druce In Muyu kusa Nepenthes 無憂草 Nepenthes The Grief Vanishing Parco Co Japan pp 26 29 Osunkoya O O S D Daud amp F L Wimmer 2008 Longevity lignin content and construction cost of the assimilatory organs of Nepenthes species Annals of Botany 102 5 845 853 doi 10 1093 aob mcn162 Pavlovic A E Masarovicova amp J Hudak 2007 Carnivorous syndrome in Asian pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes Annals of Botany 100 3 527 536 doi 10 1093 aob mcm145 Renner T amp C D Specht 2011 A sticky situation assessing adaptations for plant carnivory in the Caryophyllales by means of stochastic character mapping International Journal of Plant Sciences 172 7 889 901 doi 10 1086 660882 Renner T amp C D Specht 2012 Molecular and functional evolution of class I chitinases for plant carnivory in the Caryophyllales Molecular Biology and Evolution 29 10 2971 2985 doi 10 1093 molbev mss106 Rice B 2007 Carnivorous plants with hybrid trapping strategies Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 36 1 23 27 Rottloff S R Stieber H Maischak F G Turini G Heubl amp A Mithofer 2011 Functional characterization of a class III acid endochitinase from the traps of the carnivorous pitcher plant genus Nepenthes Journal of Experimental Botany 62 13 4639 4647 doi 10 1093 jxb err173 Schulze W E D Schulze J S Pate A N Gillison 1997 The nitrogen supply from soils and insects during growth of the pitcher plants Nepenthes mirabilis Cephalotus follicularis and Darlingtonia californica Oecologia 112 4 464 471 doi 10 1007 s004420050333 Shivas R G 1984 Pitcher Plants of Peninsular Malaysia amp Singapore Maruzen Asia Kuala Lumpur Som R M 1988 Systematic studies on Nepenthes species and hybrids in the Malay Peninsula Ph D thesis Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 印尼文 Syamsuardi amp R Tamin 1994 Kajian kekerabatan jenis jenis Nepenthes di Sumatera Barat Project report Andalas University Padang Abstract 印尼文 Syamsuardi 1995 Klasifikasi numerik kantong semar Nepenthes di Sumatera Barat Numerical classification of pitcher plants Nepenthes in West Sumatra Journal Matematika dan Pengetahuan Alam 4 1 48 57 Abstract 印尼文 Uji T 2003 Keanekaragaman dan potensi flora di Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan Kalimantan Barat 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Flora diversity and its potential in Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve West Kalimantan Biodiversitas 4 1 112 117 Wilson G W F Venter R F Wilson amp D Crayn 2011 Chasing Nepenthes on Cape York Queensland Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 40 4 122 128 Thorogood C 2010 The Malaysian Nepenthes Evolutionary and Taxonomic Perspectives Nova Science Publishers New York 印尼文 Yogiara 2004 Analisis komunitas bakteri cairan kantung semar Nepenthes spp menggunakan teknik terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism T RFLP dan amplified ribosomul DNA restriction analysis ARDRA PDF M Sc thesis Bogor Agricultural University Bogor Ziemer R R 1988 Carnivorous plants in Micronesia PDF Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 17 3 70 73 陈健妙 高培元 甘铨 2003 猪笼草的组织培养和快速繁殖 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 植物生理学通讯 39 1 40 丰锋 李洪波 谢建英 2002 猪笼草的组织培养 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 热带作物学报 23 2 62 65 丰锋 李洪波 谢建英 2002 猪笼草的组织培养 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 西南农业大学学报 24 3 268 270 梁君 鲁振华 汪卫星 林春来 郭启高 梁国鲁 2008 猪笼草离体培养及植株再生研究 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 西南师范大学学报 自然科学版 33 3 95 98 梁日 高 谢健国 陈小燕 税珺 吴森桂 刘一贞 2005 猪笼草组织培养育苗技术的研究 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 广东园林 28 2 35 37 吕庆芳 丰锋 李洪波 2003 猪笼草组培快繁技术的研究 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 西南农业大学学报 25 1 11 13 唐历波 姬可平 王燕 陈锦永 2010 猪笼草消化液中蛋白酶的活性初探 基因组学与应用生物学 29 2 293 297 吴钿 叶昌辉 2000 雷州半岛野生猪笼草资源及其栽培利用的研究 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 湛江师范学院学报 21 2 15 16 吴钿 叶昌辉 2000 猪笼草叶的形态解剖结构研究 广西植物 20 2 153 155 谢怡青 谢雄辉 丘亮伟 黄愉光 2007 猪笼草组培快繁技术研究 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 广西农业科学 38 2 131 132 徐迟默 2003 猪笼草 永久失效連結 热带农业科学 23 5 53 59 泰文 sngkhla khnmhmxkhawhmxaekngling khnmithyphumipyyachawban video 77 NationChannel Nepenthes of Peninsula Malaysia 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 by Stewart McPherson扩展阅读 编辑香港植物标本馆奇异猪笼草 原生地中的球状奇异猪笼草 食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中奇异猪笼草的照片 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中棘口奇异猪笼草的照片 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中球状奇异猪笼草的照片 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 维基共享资源上的相關多媒體資源 奇异猪笼草 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 奇異豬籠草 amp oldid 72213129, 维基百科,wiki,书籍,书籍,图书馆,

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