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锅炉和压力容器规范

鍋爐和壓力容器規范(ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code,BPVC)是由美國機械工程師學會(American Society of Mechanical Engineers,ASME)所制定一項標準,用以釐定、制約鍋爐壓力容器的相關設計和建造方式和規限。[1]該規格是由擁有在相關領域專業及經驗的從業員和志願者所撰寫,並會定期作出調整及更新。[2] 而美國機械工程師學會則會作為認證機構並可授權獨立的第三方機構對工業設施如發電廠、生產廠房內的鍋爐壓力容器進行檢驗、測試,並確保其質量和性能表現等指標合符鍋爐和壓力容器規格的標準。[3]

歷史

鍋爐和壓力容器規范是被撰寫及制定於在20世紀初。原因是當時在美國麻省發生了數宗大型工業意外爆炸事件,並引起了公眾及工程從業員對鍋爐及壓力容器相關工業安全的關注。在1905年3月20日,一座位於麻省布羅克頓(Brockton)格羅弗製鞋廠內的火管式鍋爐發生巨大爆炸(詳見格羅弗製鞋廠災難事件英语Grover Shoe Factory disaster)並導致58人死亡及150人受傷。後來於1906年12月6日,一間位於麻省林恩市(Lynn)名為 P.J. Harney Shoe Company 的造鞋工廠內的鍋爐發生爆炸。對此,麻省於1907年基於原有的美國機械工程師學會規條之上頒佈了第一條針對建造蒸汽鍋爐的法律。[4][5]

ASME convened the Board of Boiler Rules before it became the ASME Boiler Code Committee which was formed in 1911. This committee put in the form work for the first edition of the ASME Boiler Code - Rules for the Construction of Stationary Boilers and for the Allowable Working Pressures, which was issued in 1914 and published in 1915.[5]

第一版的鍋爐和壓力容器規范,即為1914年版本(1914 edition),包含單卷共114頁。[6][7]隨著時間和科技發展,時至今日已擴展至超過92,000份並應用於超過100個國家。[5] 截至March 2011年 (March 2011-Missing required parameter 1=month!),鍋爐和壓力容器規格包含共28卷共16,000頁。[7]

自第一版的推出起,規范的更改和持續驗證均由獨立的顧問或專業的調查員執行,但亦同時導致了對規范程度不一的詮釋。因此在1919年2月,國家鍋爐與壓力容器檢驗委員會英语National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors(National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors)因而成立。[5]

規范章節

LIST OF SECTIONS[8]

以下是根據2019年版本的鍋爐和壓力容器規范所列出:[9]

  • ASME BPVC 章節 I - 電力鍋爐建設規則(Rules for Construction of Power Boilers)
  • ASME BPVC 章節 II - 材料(Materials)
  • 部份 A - 亞鐵材料規格(Ferrous Material Specifications)
  • 部份 B - 非亞鐵材料規格(Nonferrous Material Specifications)
  • 部份 C - 焊條,電極和填充金屬規格(Specifications for Welding Rods, Electrodes and Filler Metals)
  • 部份 D - 規格(慣用)(Properties(Customary))
  • 部份 D - 規格(制式)(Properties(Metric))
  • ASME BPVC 章節 III - 核設施組成部分建設規則(Rules for Construction of Nuclear Facility Components)
  • Subsection NCA - General Requirements for Division 1 and Division 2
  • Appendices
  • Division 1
  • Subsection NB - Class 1 Components
  • Subsection NC - Class 2 Components
  • Subsection ND - Class 3 Components
  • Subsection NE - Class MC Components
  • Subsection NF - Supports
  • Subsection NG - Core Support Structures
  • Division 2 - Code for Concrete Containments
  • Division 3 - Containment Systems for Transportation and Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Material
  • Division 5 - High Temperature Reactors
  • ASME BPVC 章節 IV - 加熱鍋爐的施工規則(Rules for Construction of Heating Boilers)
  • ASME BPVC 章節 V - 無損檢測(Nondestructive Examination)
  • ASME BPVC 章節 VI - 加熱鍋爐保養和操作的建議規則(Recommended Rules for the Care and Operation of Heating Boilers)
  • ASME BPVC 章節 VII - 動力鍋爐的建議保養分針(Recommended Guidelines for the Care of Power Boilers)
  • ASME BPVC 章節 VIII - 壓力容器的施工規則(Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels)
  • Division 1
  • Division 2 - Alternative Rules
  • Division 3 - Alternative Rules for Construction of High Pressure Vessels
  • ASME BPVC 章節 IX - 焊接,釬焊和熔斷的資歷準則(Welding,Brazing,and Fusing Qualifications)
  • ASME BPVC 章節 X - 纖維增強塑料壓力容器(Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels)
  • ASME BPVC 章節 XI - 核電站部件在役檢查規則(Rules for Inservice Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Components)
  • Division 1 - Rules for Inspection and Testing of Components of Light-Water-Cooled Plants
  • Division 2 - Requirements for Reliability and Integrity Management (RIM) Programs for Nuclear Power Plants
  • ASME BPVC 章節 XII - Rules for the Construction and Continued Service of Transport Tanks
  • ASME BPVC Code Cases - Boilers and Pressure Vessels

ADDENDA

Addenda, which include additions and revisions to the individual Sections of the Code, are issued accordingly for a particular edition of the code up until the next edition.[8] Addenda is no longer in use since Code Edition 2013. It has been replaced by two years edition period.

INTERPRETATIONS

ASME's interpretations to submitted technical queries relevant to a particular Section of the Code are issued accordingly. Interpretations are also available through the internet.[10]

CODES CASES

Code Cases provide rules that permit the use of materials and alternative methods of construction that are not covered by existing BPVC rules.[11] For those Cases that have been adopted will appear in the appropriate Code Cases book: "Boilers and Pressure Vessels" and "Nuclear Components."[8]

Codes Cases are usually intended to be incorporated in the Code in a later edition. When it is used, the Code Case specifies mandatory requirements which must be met as it would be with the Code. There are some jurisdictions that do not automatically accept Code Cases.[8]

參見

參考資料

  1. ^ Antaki, George A. Piping and pipeline engineering: design, construction, maintenance, integrity, and repair. Marcel Dekker Inc. 2003. ISBN 9780203911150. 
  2. ^ ASME Codes and Standards 互联网档案馆的,存档日期February 14, 2010,.
  3. ^ . [2020-03-27]. (原始内容存档于2017-01-14). 
  4. ^ Balmer, Robert T. Modern Engineering Thermodynamics. 13.10 Modern Steam Power Plants: Academic Press. 2010: 864. ISBN 978-0-12-374996-3. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Varrasi, John. To Protect and Serve - Celebrating 125 Years Of Asme Codes & Standards. MEMagazine. June 2009. 
  6. ^ Canonico, Domenic A. The Origins of ASME's Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. MEMagazine. February 2000. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 The History of ASME's Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. ASME. March 2011 [24 July 2015]. (原始内容于2017-06-24). 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 An International Code - 2010 ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels - Division 1. ASME. July 1, 2011. 
  9. ^ BPV Complete Code - 2019. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code - 2019 Edition. ASME. [July 8, 2019]. (原始内容于2020-05-29). 
  10. ^ Codes & Standards Interpretations On-Line. Codes and Standards Electronic Tools. ASME International. [10 November 2011]. (原始内容于2011-11-13). 
  11. ^ Code Cases of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. ASME. [7 November 2011]. (原始内容存档于18 July 2012). 

外部链接

  • 美國機械工程師學會 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆(英文)(简体中文)(西班牙文)

锅炉和压力容器规范, 此條目可参照英語維基百科相應條目来扩充, 2020年3月27日, 若您熟悉来源语言和主题, 请协助参考外语维基百科扩充条目, 请勿直接提交机械翻译, 也不要翻译不可靠, 低品质内容, 依版权协议, 译文需在编辑摘要注明来源, 或于讨论页顶部标记, href, template, translated, page, html, title, template, translated, page, translated, page, 标签, 鍋爐和壓力容器規范, asme, boiler, pre. 此條目可参照英語維基百科相應條目来扩充 2020年3月27日 若您熟悉来源语言和主题 请协助参考外语维基百科扩充条目 请勿直接提交机械翻译 也不要翻译不可靠 低品质内容 依版权协议 译文需在编辑摘要注明来源 或于讨论页顶部标记 a href Template Translated page html title Template Translated page Translated page a 标签 鍋爐和壓力容器規范 ASME Boiler amp Pressure Vessel Code BPVC 是由美國機械工程師學會 American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME 所制定一項標準 用以釐定 制約鍋爐及壓力容器的相關設計和建造方式和規限 1 該規格是由擁有在相關領域專業及經驗的從業員和志願者所撰寫 並會定期作出調整及更新 2 而美國機械工程師學會則會作為認證機構並可授權獨立的第三方機構對工業設施如發電廠 生產廠房內的鍋爐及壓力容器進行檢驗 測試 並確保其質量和性能表現等指標合符鍋爐和壓力容器規格的標準 3 目录 1 歷史 2 規范章節 3 參見 4 參考資料 5 外部链接歷史 编辑鍋爐和壓力容器規范是被撰寫及制定於在20世紀初 原因是當時在美國麻省發生了數宗大型工業意外爆炸事件 並引起了公眾及工程從業員對鍋爐及壓力容器相關工業安全的關注 在1905年3月20日 一座位於麻省布羅克頓 Brockton 格羅弗製鞋廠內的火管式鍋爐發生巨大爆炸 詳見格羅弗製鞋廠災難事件 英语 Grover Shoe Factory disaster 並導致58人死亡及150人受傷 後來於1906年12月6日 一間位於麻省林恩市 Lynn 名為 P J Harney Shoe Company 的造鞋工廠內的鍋爐發生爆炸 對此 麻省於1907年基於原有的美國機械工程師學會規條之上頒佈了第一條針對建造蒸汽鍋爐的法律 4 5 ASME convened the Board of Boiler Rules before it became the ASME Boiler Code Committee which was formed in 1911 This committee put in the form work for the first edition of the ASME Boiler Code Rules for the Construction of Stationary Boilers and for the Allowable Working Pressures which was issued in 1914 and published in 1915 5 第一版的鍋爐和壓力容器規范 即為1914年版本 1914 edition 包含單卷共114頁 6 7 隨著時間和科技發展 時至今日已擴展至超過92 000份並應用於超過100個國家 5 截至March 2011年 March 2011 Missing required parameter 1 month update 鍋爐和壓力容器規格包含共28卷共16 000頁 7 自第一版的推出起 規范的更改和持續驗證均由獨立的顧問或專業的調查員執行 但亦同時導致了對規范程度不一的詮釋 因此在1919年2月 國家鍋爐與壓力容器檢驗委員會 英语 National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors 因而成立 5 規范章節 编辑LIST OF SECTIONS 8 以下是根據2019年版本的鍋爐和壓力容器規范所列出 9 ASME BPVC 章節 I 電力鍋爐建設規則 Rules for Construction of Power Boilers ASME BPVC 章節 II 材料 Materials 部份 A 亞鐵材料規格 Ferrous Material Specifications 部份 B 非亞鐵材料規格 Nonferrous Material Specifications 部份 C 焊條 電極和填充金屬規格 Specifications for Welding Rods Electrodes and Filler Metals 部份 D 規格 慣用 Properties Customary 部份 D 規格 制式 Properties Metric ASME BPVC 章節 III 核設施組成部分建設規則 Rules for Construction of Nuclear Facility Components Subsection NCA General Requirements for Division 1 and Division 2 Appendices Division 1Subsection NB Class 1 Components Subsection NC Class 2 Components Subsection ND Class 3 Components Subsection NE Class MC Components Subsection NF Supports Subsection NG Core Support StructuresDivision 2 Code for Concrete Containments Division 3 Containment Systems for Transportation and Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel and High Level Radioactive Material Division 5 High Temperature Reactors dd ASME BPVC 章節 IV 加熱鍋爐的施工規則 Rules for Construction of Heating Boilers ASME BPVC 章節 V 無損檢測 Nondestructive Examination ASME BPVC 章節 VI 加熱鍋爐保養和操作的建議規則 Recommended Rules for the Care and Operation of Heating Boilers ASME BPVC 章節 VII 動力鍋爐的建議保養分針 Recommended Guidelines for the Care of Power Boilers ASME BPVC 章節 VIII 壓力容器的施工規則 Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels Division 1 Division 2 Alternative Rules Division 3 Alternative Rules for Construction of High Pressure VesselsASME BPVC 章節 IX 焊接 釬焊和熔斷的資歷準則 Welding Brazing and Fusing Qualifications ASME BPVC 章節 X 纖維增強塑料壓力容器 Fiber Reinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels ASME BPVC 章節 XI 核電站部件在役檢查規則 Rules for Inservice Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Components Division 1 Rules for Inspection and Testing of Components of Light Water Cooled Plants Division 2 Requirements for Reliability and Integrity Management RIM Programs for Nuclear Power PlantsASME BPVC 章節 XII Rules for the Construction and Continued Service of Transport Tanks ASME BPVC Code Cases Boilers and Pressure VesselsADDENDAAddenda which include additions and revisions to the individual Sections of the Code are issued accordingly for a particular edition of the code up until the next edition 8 Addenda is no longer in use since Code Edition 2013 It has been replaced by two years edition period INTERPRETATIONSASME s interpretations to submitted technical queries relevant to a particular Section of the Code are issued accordingly Interpretations are also available through the internet 10 CODES CASESCode Cases provide rules that permit the use of materials and alternative methods of construction that are not covered by existing BPVC rules 11 For those Cases that have been adopted will appear in the appropriate Code Cases book Boilers and Pressure Vessels and Nuclear Components 8 Codes Cases are usually intended to be incorporated in the Code in a later edition When it is used the Code Case specifies mandatory requirements which must be met as it would be with the Code There are some jurisdictions that do not automatically accept Code Cases 8 參見 编辑美國機械工程師學會獎章 英语 ASME Medal 英國機械工程師學會 IMechE 參考資料 编辑 Antaki George A Piping and pipeline engineering design construction maintenance integrity and repair Marcel Dekker Inc 2003 ISBN 9780203911150 ASME Codes and Standards 互联网档案馆的存檔 存档日期February 14 2010 Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspection According to ASME 2020 03 27 原始内容存档于2017 01 14 Balmer Robert T Modern Engineering Thermodynamics 13 10 Modern Steam Power Plants Academic Press 2010 864 ISBN 978 0 12 374996 3 5 0 5 1 5 2 5 3 Varrasi John To Protect and Serve Celebrating 125 Years Of Asme Codes amp Standards MEMagazine June 2009 Canonico Domenic A The Origins of ASME s Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code MEMagazine February 2000 7 0 7 1 The History of ASME s Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code ASME March 2011 24 July 2015 原始内容存档于2017 06 24 8 0 8 1 8 2 8 3 An International Code 2010 ASME Boiler amp Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels Division 1 ASME July 1 2011 BPV Complete Code 2019 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code 2019 Edition ASME July 8 2019 原始内容存档于2020 05 29 Codes amp Standards Interpretations On Line Codes and Standards Electronic Tools ASME International 10 November 2011 原始内容存档于2011 11 13 Code Cases of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code ASME 7 November 2011 原始内容存档于18 July 2012 外部链接 编辑美國機械工程師學會 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 英文 简体中文 西班牙文 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 锅炉和压力容器规范 amp oldid 62469693, 维基百科,wiki,书籍,书籍,图书馆,

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