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维基百科

薄皮蚤屬

四月 10, 2024

薄皮蚤属（学名：Leptodora）为薄皮蚤科动物唯一的一個属。過往本屬只有透明薄皮蚤（学名：Leptodora kindtii）一個物种，直至2009年本屬的第二個物種被發現。這兩個物種在對比其他雙甲下綱物種來說比較大，近乎透明及透光，是一類捕食性物種。本屬物種最長可長至21 mm（0.83英寸），有兩枝可用，作游泳的觸角，以及一隻複眼。腿可用作捕捉碰巧路過的橈足亞綱物種。

薄皮蚤属
Leptodora kindtii
科学分类
界： 动物界 Animalia
门： 节肢动物门 Arthropoda
亚门： 甲殼亞門 Crustacea
纲： 鰓足綱 Branchiopoda
目： 雙甲目 Diplostraca
G. O. Sars, 1865
科： 薄皮蚤科 Leptodoridae
Lilljeborg（英语：Wilhelm Lilljeborg）, 1861
属： 薄皮蚤属 Leptodora
Lilljeborg, 1861
物種
  • Leptodora kindtii (Focke, 1844)[1]
  • Leptodora richardii Korovchinsky, 2009[2]
異名
  • Hyalosoma Wagner, 1868

透明薄皮蚤見於北半球溫帶的湖泊中，很可能是枝角目物種當中唯一曾被報章報導過的已描述生物；而L. richardi現時只見於俄罗斯遠東地區的黑龙江流域，儘管日本認為在其國內分佈的物種亦是L. richardi。 For most of the year, Leptodora reproduces 单性生殖, with males only appearing late in the season, to produce winter eggs which hatch the following spring. Leptodora is the only genus in its family, the Leptodoridae, and suborder, Haplopoda.

形態描述 编辑

薄皮蚤屬物種的成體是北美洲原生浮游枝角目物種當中體型最大的[3]；至於到底有多大，各種報告間不盡相同，但雌性成體普遍可長至12 mm（0.47英寸）長[4]，部分報告聲稱可長至21 mm（0.83英寸）長[5]。這些動物的身體約有98%是透明的[6]，以避免被魚類獵食[7]。

Lilljeborg notes:[8]

Das Weibchen ist in so hohem Grade durchsichtig, in wahrem Sinne »wasserhell», dass oft nur die Bewegungen ihr Dasein in dem Wasser verrathen. Bei auffallendem Sonnenlicht wird gewöhnlich der Schatten früher als das Thier selbst entdeckt.

The female is transparent to such a high degree, literally "as clear as water", that her presence is often only given away by her movements. In bright sunlight, the shadow is normally seen before the animal itself.

The male is similarly transparent.[8] The abdomen is elongated, but the carapace（英语：carapace） is small and only covers the brood pouch（英语：Brood pouch (Peracarida)）.[6]

胸節的六對附肢形成一個「餵哺籃」，用以捕捉獵物[9]。 The second 觸角 are used for swimming, while the first antennae are 痕跡器官 in females but elongated in males, where they are used in 有性生殖.[6] There is a single large 複眼 which takes up much of the animal's head.[6] It comprises around 500 facet（英语：facet）s, which are spherically arranged, and the whole eye is movable by up to 10° in any direction.[10]

分佈 编辑

透明薄皮蚤廣泛分佈於北半球溫帶的湖泊中，見於北美洲、亚洲、欧洲及非洲。在北美洲，其分佈範圍南至德克萨斯州及俄克拉荷馬州[11]；在中国大陆分佈於浙江、江苏、安徽、江西、湖北、吉林、黑龙江、云南、内蒙古等地[1]，主要栖息于大中型湖泊的敞水区、也出现在沿岸以及小型湖泊与积水较深的池塘中[1]。在欧洲、北非部分地區、阿拉伯半岛北部及亚洲喜马拉雅山脉以北地區亦有分佈[6]。

生態及行為 编辑

 
溞属物種（Daphnia）是透明薄皮蚤（Leptodora kindtii）的其中一種重要獵物。
 
而另一方面，河鲈（Perca fluviatilis）又是薄皮蚤屬動物的主要捕食者。

透明薄皮蚤是一種貪婪的捕食者，能夠控制其偏愛獵物的數量[12]，一般都是溞属（Daphnia）、Bosmina, Ceriodaphnia, Diaphanosoma, Diaptomus（英语：Diaptomus）, Polyphemus（英语：Polyphemus (genus)）及剑水蚤属（Cyclops）等各屬物種的幼體[6]。 It seems to encounter its prey by chance, with contact initiating a 反射 (生理学), in which the 腹 is brought forward to close the feeding basket. In many cases, the prey escapes this haphazard response. Juvenile Daphnia are slower than adults to respond to the predator's attack, and are therefore more likely to be caught.[13]

The most important predators of Leptodora are fishes, including 白鮭屬, perch, ziege（英语：ziege） and 歐白魚.[12]

In 琵琶湖, 日本, L. kindtii is 寄生 by the 线虫动物门 Raphidascaris biwakoensis, a parasite of 鱼.[14]

生命週期 编辑

雌性薄皮蚤屬動物能夠僅僅透過单性生殖就可以產卵，而且每隔12小時就又可以再下一窩卵子[15]。這些卵子孵化後進入幼体階段，身長約2毫米（0.079英寸）。之後牠們在長為成蟲之前，還要再經歷六個instar（英语：instar），到了完全成長，體長增至6毫米（0.24英寸）[15]。而事實上，從孵化到成蟲階段，需時只要3到6天，視乎孵化時的環境溫度[15]。在一年的絕大多數時候，薄皮蚤屬動物的繁殖都只靠單性生殖，所生產的卵皆為雌性，並沒有雄性的卵子 [6]。到了秋季，透過單性生殖的雄性卵子開始出現[5]；雄性與雌性進行有性生殖才變得可行。這些透過交配行為誕下的受精卵會在牠們越冬的所在地沉到最底[8]，直到下一年才會孵化，成為 nauplius（英语：nauplius (larva)）-like larvae.[6]。

Related taxa 编辑

Leptodora is so distinct from other cladocerans that some authors have suggested grouping all other cladocerans into a 演化支 called "Eucladocera", with Leptodora as its 姐妹群. It is now believed, however, that Leptodora is sister to Onychopoda（英语：Onychopoda）, being the only genus in the family Leptodoridae and the subclass Haplopoda.[16] Features which separate it from other families include its large size, the lack of branchial appendages (鳃s) on its legs, the reduction of the carapace, and the fact that the winter eggs hatch as nauplii.[6]

Taxonomic history 编辑

 
Leptodora was first found in the Bremer Stadtgraben, and described by the local scientist G. W. Focke.

Leptodora kindtii is "probably the only cladoceran ever described in a newspaper".[17] The German microscopist Gustav Woldemar Focke（英语：Gustav Woldemar Focke） organised a 學術研討會 in 不来梅 in 1844 together with the pharmacist Georg Christian Kindt. He studied the fauna of the ditches surrounding the city (the Bremer Stadtgraben) and displayed live specimens at the meeting. During the meeting, he also published a description of the species in the Weser-Zeitung on Sunday September 22, 1844, placing the species in the genus Polyphemus（英语：Polyphemus (genus)）.[17] However, this description was ignored by the scientific community, and Wilhelm Lilljeborg（英语：Wilhelm Lilljeborg） described the species in 1861 with the name Leptodora hyalina. The 異名 was not noticed until Simon Albrecht Poppe informed Lilljeborg of it in 1889,[17] and Lilljeborg corrected the error in his 1900 專著.[8]

2009年，Korovchinsky首度為本屬的第二個物種Leptodora richardii作出描述：這個物種採樣自黑龙江盆地的湖泊，包括博隆湖[2]。

異名 编辑

現時下列組合均被視為透明薄皮蚤（Leptodora kindtii）的異名[18]：

  • Polyphemus kindti Focke, 1844
  • Hyalosoma dux Wagner, 1868
  • Leptodora angusta Sars, 1890
  • Leptodora hyalina Lilljeborg, 1861
  • Leptodora pellucida Joseph, 1882

語源 编辑

The name Leptodora is from the 希腊语 words leptos and dora, collectively meaning thin-skinned.[19] The 种加词 kindtii is presumed to refer to G. C. Kindt, who worked closely with Focke.[17] The alternative spelling kindti is sometimes encountered,[20] but is no longer considered correct under the 国际动物命名法规.[21] The epithet hyalina, used by Lilljeborg, is from the Greek ὕαλος, and means glassy（英语：hyaline）.[19]

下属物种 编辑

本属包括以下物种：[22]

  • Leptodora kindti (Focke, 1844)
  • Leptodora richardi Korovchinsky, 2009

参考文献 编辑

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 中国科学院动物研究所. . 《中国动物物种编目数据库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2009-04-28]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-05）. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Korovchinsky, Nikolai M. The genus Leptodora Lilljeborg (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Cladocera) is not monotypic: description of a new species from the Amur River basin (Far East of Russia) (PDF). Zootaxa. 2009, 2120: 39–52 [2022-01-20]. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2120.1.5. （原始内容 (PDF)于2022-01-20） （英语）. 
  3. ^ . An Image-Based Key to the Zooplankton of the Northeast (USA). University of New Hampshire. [2010-03-19]. （原始内容存档于2010-07-26） （英语）. 
  4. ^ Cynthia C. Lunte; Chris Luecke. Trophic interactions of Leptodora in Lake Mendota. Limnology and Oceanography（英语：Limnology and Oceanography）. 1990, 35 (5): 1091–1100. Bibcode:1990LimOc..35.1091L. JSTOR 2837489. doi:10.4319/lo.1990.35.5.1091. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Andrews, Ted F. Growth studies on parthenogenetically produced male and female Leptodora kindtii (Focke). Transactions of the American Microscopical Society（英语：Transactions of the American Microscopical Society）. 1953, 72 (1): 9–17. JSTOR 3223355. doi:10.2307/3223355 （英语）. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 Leptodora kindti. Zooplankton of the Great Lakes. Central Michigan University. [2010-03-10]. （原始内容于2012-02-22） （英语）. 
  7. ^ Donn K. Branstrator. Contrasting life histories of the predatory cladocerans Leptodora kindtii and Bythotrephes longimanus. Journal of Plankton Research（英语：Journal of Plankton Research）. 2005, 27 (6): 569–585. doi:10.1093/plankt/fbi033  . 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Wilhelm Lilljeborg. Cladocera Sueciae; oder Beiträge zur kenntniss der in Schweden lebenden Krebsthiere von der Ordnung der Branchiopoden und der Unterordnung der Cladoceren. 乌普萨拉: Druck der Akademischen buchdruckerei E. Berling. 1900: 650–658, Tab. 87. 
  9. ^ Marina Manca; Patrizia Comoli. Seasonal changes in size of the feeding basket of Leptodora kindtii (Focke) in Lago Maggiore as related to variations in prey size selection. Limnology and Oceanography（英语：Limnology and Oceanography）. 1995, 40 (4): 834–838. Bibcode:1995LimOc..40..834M. JSTOR 2838319. doi:10.4319/lo.1995.40.4.0834  . 
  10. ^ J. J. Wolken; G. J. Gallik. The compound eye of a crustacean, Leptodora kindtii. Journal of Cell Biology（英语：Journal of Cell Biology）. 1965, 26 (3): 968–973. PMC 2106796  . PMID 19866691. doi:10.1083/jcb.26.3.968. 
  11. ^ Jack R. Holt; David S. White; Alan P. Covich. Discovery of Leptodora kindtii (Focke) (Crustacea: Clad-Ocera) in Oklahoma and Texas. The Southwestern Naturalist. 1978, 23 (4): 686–688. JSTOR 3671192. doi:10.2307/3671192 （英语）. 
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 Alois Herzig. P. Larsson; L. J. Weider , 编. Leptodora kindti: efficient predator and preferred prey item in Neusiedler See, Austria. Hydrobiologia（英语：Hydrobiologia）. 1995, 307 (1–3): 273–282. S2CID 7755718. doi:10.1007/BF00032021. 
  13. ^ Howard I. Browman; Silke Kruse; W. John O'Brien. Foraging behavior of the predaceous cladoceran, Leptodora kindti, and escape responses of their prey. Journal of Plankton Research（英语：Journal of Plankton Research）. 1989, 11 (5): 1075–1088. doi:10.1093/plankt/11.5.1075. 
  14. ^ F. Moravec; K. Nasagawa; Y. Tanaka; T. Narita. Role of Leptodora kindti (Cladocera: Leptodoridae) in the life cycle of Raphidascaris biwakoensis (Nematoda: Anisakidae), a fish parasite in Lake Biwa, Japan (PDF). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 1998, 32 (2): 157–160 [2022-01-20]. PMID 9676256. doi:10.3354/dao032157  . （原始内容 (PDF)于2022-01-20）. 
  15. ^ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Vijverberg, Jacobus; Koelewijn, Hans Peter. Effect of temperature on development and growth of the raptorial cladoceran Leptodora kindtii under laboratory conditions. Freshwater Biology. 2004, 49 (11): 1415–1422. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2004.01276.x （英语）. 
  16. ^ Joel W. Martin; George E. Davis. (PDF). 洛杉磯縣自然歷史博物館. 2001: 132 [2022-01-20]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2013-05-12）. 
  17. ^ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 Henri J. Dumont; Werner Hollwedel. Leptodora kindtii (Focke, 1844) from Bremen, Germany: discovered, forgotten, and rediscovered. Crustaceana（英语：Crustaceana）. 2009, 82 (11): 1457–1461. doi:10.1163/001121609X12511103974457. 
  18. ^ Crustacea-Cladocera checkList (PDF). Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment (FADA) Project. Belgian Biodiversity Platform. 2010-10-20 [2010-11-07]. （原始内容 (PDF)于2022-01-19） （英语）. 
  19. ^ 19.0 19.1 Wilhelm Lilljeborg. An Account of two remarkable Crustacea of the Order Cladocera. Annals and Magazine of Natural History（英语：Annals and Magazine of Natural History）. 3rd series. 1862, 9 (50): 132–136 [2022-01-20]. doi:10.1080/00222936208681196. （原始内容于2022-02-20）. 
  20. ^ Mary D. Balcer; Nancy L. Korda; Stanley I. Dodson. Life history and ecology of the major crustacean species. Zooplankton of the Great Lakes: a guide to the identification and ecology of the common crustacean species. University of Wisconsin Press（英语：University of Wisconsin Press）. 1984: 49–109. ISBN 978-0-299-09820-9. 
  21. ^ Jørgen Olesen; Stefan Richter; Gerhard Scholtz. On the ontogeny of Leptodora kindtii (Crustacea, Branchiopoda, Cladocera), with notes on the phylogeny of the Cladocera. Journal of Morphology（英语：Journal of Morphology）. 2003, 256 (3): 235–259. PMID 12655608. S2CID 24239891. doi:10.1002/jmor.10043. 
  22. ^ Leptodora Lilljeborg, 1861. GBIF. [2022-07-13]. （原始内容于2022-07-13）. 

外部連結 编辑

维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：薄皮蚤屬

四月 10, 2024
薄皮蚤屬, 薄皮蚤属, 学名, leptodora, 为薄皮蚤科动物唯一的一個属, 過往本屬只有透明薄皮蚤, 学名, leptodora, kindtii, 一個物种, 直至2009年本屬的第二個物種被發現, 這兩個物種在對比其他雙甲下綱物種來說比較大, 近乎透明及透光, 是一類捕食性物種, 本屬物種最長可長至21, 83英寸, 有兩枝可用, 作游泳的觸角, 以及一隻複眼, 腿可用作捕捉碰巧路過的橈足亞綱物種, 薄皮蚤属leptodora, kindtii科学分类界, 动物界, animalia门, 节肢动物门, . 薄皮蚤属 学名 Leptodora 为薄皮蚤科动物唯一的一個属 過往本屬只有透明薄皮蚤 学名 Leptodora kindtii 一個物种 直至2009年本屬的第二個物種被發現 這兩個物種在對比其他雙甲下綱物種來說比較大 近乎透明及透光 是一類捕食性物種 本屬物種最長可長至21 mm 0 83英寸 有兩枝可用 作游泳的觸角 以及一隻複眼 腿可用作捕捉碰巧路過的橈足亞綱物種 薄皮蚤属Leptodora kindtii科学分类界 动物界 Animalia门 节肢动物门 Arthropoda亚门 甲殼亞門 Crustacea纲 鰓足綱 Branchiopoda目 雙甲目 Diplostraca G O Sars 1865科 薄皮蚤科 Leptodoridae Lilljeborg 英语 Wilhelm Lilljeborg 1861属 薄皮蚤属 Leptodora Lilljeborg 1861物種Leptodora kindtii Focke 1844 1 Leptodora richardii Korovchinsky 2009 2 異名Hyalosoma Wagner 1868透明薄皮蚤見於北半球溫帶的湖泊中 很可能是枝角目物種當中唯一曾被報章報導過的已描述生物 而L richardi現時只見於俄罗斯遠東地區的黑龙江流域 儘管日本認為在其國內分佈的物種亦是L richardi For most of the year Leptodora reproduces 单性生殖 with males only appearing late in the season to produce winter eggs which hatch the following spring Leptodora is the only genus in its family the Leptodoridae and suborder Haplopoda 目录 1 形態描述 2 分佈 3 生態及行為 4 生命週期 5 Related taxa 6 Taxonomic history 6 1 異名 6 2 語源 7 下属物种 8 参考文献 9 外部連結形態描述 编辑薄皮蚤屬物種的成體是北美洲原生浮游枝角目物種當中體型最大的 3 至於到底有多大 各種報告間不盡相同 但雌性成體普遍可長至12 mm 0 47英寸 長 4 部分報告聲稱可長至21 mm 0 83英寸 長 5 這些動物的身體約有98 是透明的 6 以避免被魚類獵食 7 Lilljeborg notes 8 Das Weibchen ist in so hohem Grade durchsichtig in wahrem Sinne wasserhell dass oft nur die Bewegungen ihr Dasein in dem Wasser verrathen Bei auffallendem Sonnenlicht wird gewohnlich der Schatten fruher als das Thier selbst entdeckt The female is transparent to such a high degree literally as clear as water that her presence is often only given away by her movements In bright sunlight the shadow is normally seen before the animal itself The male is similarly transparent 8 The abdomen is elongated but the carapace 英语 carapace is small and only covers the brood pouch 英语 Brood pouch Peracarida 6 胸節的六對附肢形成一個 餵哺籃 用以捕捉獵物 9 The second 觸角 are used for swimming while the first antennae are 痕跡器官 in females but elongated in males where they are used in 有性生殖 6 There is a single large 複眼 which takes up much of the animal s head 6 It comprises around 500 facet 英语 facet s which are spherically arranged and the whole eye is movable by up to 10 in any direction 10 分佈 编辑透明薄皮蚤廣泛分佈於北半球溫帶的湖泊中 見於北美洲 亚洲 欧洲及非洲 在北美洲 其分佈範圍南至德克萨斯州及俄克拉荷馬州 11 在中国大陆分佈於浙江 江苏 安徽 江西 湖北 吉林 黑龙江 云南 内蒙古等地 1 主要栖息于大中型湖泊的敞水区 也出现在沿岸以及小型湖泊与积水较深的池塘中 1 在欧洲 北非部分地區 阿拉伯半岛北部及亚洲喜马拉雅山脉以北地區亦有分佈 6 生態及行為 编辑 nbsp 溞属物種 Daphnia 是透明薄皮蚤 Leptodora kindtii 的其中一種重要獵物 nbsp 而另一方面 河鲈 Perca fluviatilis 又是薄皮蚤屬動物的主要捕食者 透明薄皮蚤是一種貪婪的捕食者 能夠控制其偏愛獵物的數量 12 一般都是溞属 Daphnia Bosmina Ceriodaphnia Diaphanosoma Diaptomus 英语 Diaptomus Polyphemus 英语 Polyphemus genus 及剑水蚤属 Cyclops 等各屬物種的幼體 6 It seems to encounter its prey by chance with contact initiating a 反射 生理学 in which the 腹 is brought forward to close the feeding basket In many cases the prey escapes this haphazard response Juvenile Daphnia are slower than adults to respond to the predator s attack and are therefore more likely to be caught 13 The most important predators of Leptodora are fishes including 白鮭屬 perch ziege 英语 ziege and 歐白魚 12 In 琵琶湖 日本 L kindtii is 寄生 by the 线虫动物门 Raphidascaris biwakoensis a parasite of 鱼 14 生命週期 编辑雌性薄皮蚤屬動物能夠僅僅透過单性生殖就可以產卵 而且每隔12小時就又可以再下一窩卵子 15 這些卵子孵化後進入幼体階段 身長約2毫米 0 079英寸 之後牠們在長為成蟲之前 還要再經歷六個instar 英语 instar 到了完全成長 體長增至6毫米 0 24英寸 15 而事實上 從孵化到成蟲階段 需時只要3到6天 視乎孵化時的環境溫度 15 在一年的絕大多數時候 薄皮蚤屬動物的繁殖都只靠單性生殖 所生產的卵皆為雌性 並沒有雄性的卵子 6 到了秋季 透過單性生殖的雄性卵子開始出現 5 雄性與雌性進行有性生殖才變得可行 這些透過交配行為誕下的受精卵會在牠們越冬的所在地沉到最底 8 直到下一年才會孵化 成為 nauplius 英语 nauplius larva like larvae 6 Related taxa 编辑Leptodora is so distinct from other cladocerans that some authors have suggested grouping all other cladocerans into a 演化支 called Eucladocera with Leptodora as its 姐妹群 It is now believed however that Leptodora is sister to Onychopoda 英语 Onychopoda being the only genus in the family Leptodoridae and the subclass Haplopoda 16 Features which separate it from other families include its large size the lack of branchial appendages 鳃s on its legs the reduction of the carapace and the fact that the winter eggs hatch as nauplii 6 Taxonomic history 编辑 nbsp Leptodora was first found in the Bremer Stadtgraben and described by the local scientist G W Focke Leptodora kindtii is probably the only cladoceran ever described in a newspaper 17 The German microscopist Gustav Woldemar Focke 英语 Gustav Woldemar Focke organised a 學術研討會 in 不来梅 in 1844 together with the pharmacist Georg Christian Kindt He studied the fauna of the ditches surrounding the city the Bremer Stadtgraben and displayed live specimens at the meeting During the meeting he also published a description of the species in the Weser Zeitung on Sunday September 22 1844 placing the species in the genus Polyphemus 英语 Polyphemus genus 17 However this description was ignored by the scientific community and Wilhelm Lilljeborg 英语 Wilhelm Lilljeborg described the species in 1861 with the name Leptodora hyalina The 異名 was not noticed until Simon Albrecht Poppe informed Lilljeborg of it in 1889 17 and Lilljeborg corrected the error in his 1900 專著 8 2009年 Korovchinsky首度為本屬的第二個物種Leptodora richardii作出描述 這個物種採樣自黑龙江盆地的湖泊 包括博隆湖 2 異名 编辑 現時下列組合均被視為透明薄皮蚤 Leptodora kindtii 的異名 18 Polyphemus kindti Focke 1844 Hyalosoma dux Wagner 1868 Leptodora angusta Sars 1890 Leptodora hyalina Lilljeborg 1861 Leptodora pellucida Joseph 1882語源 编辑 The name Leptodora is from the 希腊语 words leptos and dora collectively meaning thin skinned 19 The 种加词 kindtii is presumed to refer to G C Kindt who worked closely with Focke 17 The alternative spelling kindti is sometimes encountered 20 but is no longer considered correct under the 国际动物命名法规 21 The epithet hyalina used by Lilljeborg is from the Greek ὕalos and means glassy 英语 hyaline 19 下属物种 编辑本属包括以下物种 22 Leptodora kindti Focke 1844 Leptodora richardi Korovchinsky 2009参考文献 编辑 1 0 1 1 1 2 中国科学院动物研究所 透明薄皮蚤 中国动物物种编目数据库 中国科学院微生物研究所 2009 04 28 原始内容存档于2016 03 05 2 0 2 1 Korovchinsky Nikolai M The genus Leptodora Lilljeborg Crustacea Branchiopoda Cladocera is not monotypic description of a new species from the Amur River basin Far East of Russia PDF Zootaxa 2009 2120 39 52 2022 01 20 doi 10 11646 zootaxa 2120 1 5 原始内容存档 PDF 于2022 01 20 英语 Leptodora kindti An Image Based Key to the Zooplankton of the Northeast USA University of New Hampshire 2010 03 19 原始内容存档于2010 07 26 英语 Cynthia C Lunte Chris Luecke Trophic interactions of Leptodora in Lake Mendota Limnology and Oceanography 英语 Limnology and Oceanography 1990 35 5 1091 1100 Bibcode 1990LimOc 35 1091L JSTOR 2837489 doi 10 4319 lo 1990 35 5 1091 5 0 5 1 Andrews Ted F Growth studies on parthenogenetically produced male and female Leptodora kindtii Focke Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 英语 Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 1953 72 1 9 17 JSTOR 3223355 doi 10 2307 3223355 英语 6 0 6 1 6 2 6 3 6 4 6 5 6 6 6 7 6 8 Leptodora kindti Zooplankton of the Great Lakes Central Michigan University 2010 03 10 原始内容存档于2012 02 22 英语 Donn K Branstrator Contrasting life histories of the predatory cladocerans Leptodora kindtii and Bythotrephes longimanus Journal of Plankton Research 英语 Journal of Plankton Research 2005 27 6 569 585 doi 10 1093 plankt fbi033 nbsp 8 0 8 1 8 2 8 3 Wilhelm Lilljeborg Cladocera Sueciae oder Beitrage zur kenntniss der in Schweden lebenden Krebsthiere von der Ordnung der Branchiopoden und der Unterordnung der Cladoceren 乌普萨拉 Druck der Akademischen buchdruckerei E Berling 1900 650 658 Tab 87 Marina Manca Patrizia Comoli Seasonal changes in size of the feeding basket of Leptodora kindtii Focke in Lago Maggiore as related to variations in prey size selection Limnology and Oceanography 英语 Limnology and Oceanography 1995 40 4 834 838 Bibcode 1995LimOc 40 834M JSTOR 2838319 doi 10 4319 lo 1995 40 4 0834 nbsp J J Wolken G J Gallik The compound eye of a crustacean Leptodora kindtii Journal of Cell Biology 英语 Journal of Cell Biology 1965 26 3 968 973 PMC 2106796 nbsp PMID 19866691 doi 10 1083 jcb 26 3 968 Jack R Holt David S White Alan P Covich Discovery of Leptodora kindtii Focke Crustacea Clad Ocera in Oklahoma and Texas The Southwestern Naturalist 1978 23 4 686 688 JSTOR 3671192 doi 10 2307 3671192 英语 12 0 12 1 Alois Herzig P Larsson L J Weider 编 Leptodora kindti efficient predator and preferred prey item in Neusiedler See Austria Hydrobiologia 英语 Hydrobiologia 1995 307 1 3 273 282 S2CID 7755718 doi 10 1007 BF00032021 Howard I Browman Silke Kruse W John O Brien Foraging behavior of the predaceous cladoceran Leptodora kindti and escape responses of their prey Journal of Plankton Research 英语 Journal of Plankton Research 1989 11 5 1075 1088 doi 10 1093 plankt 11 5 1075 F Moravec K Nasagawa Y Tanaka T Narita Role of Leptodora kindti Cladocera Leptodoridae in the life cycle of Raphidascaris biwakoensis Nematoda Anisakidae a fish parasite in Lake Biwa Japan PDF Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 1998 32 2 157 160 2022 01 20 PMID 9676256 doi 10 3354 dao032157 nbsp 原始内容存档 PDF 于2022 01 20 15 0 15 1 15 2 Vijverberg Jacobus Koelewijn Hans Peter Effect of temperature on development and growth of the raptorial cladoceran Leptodora kindtii under laboratory conditions Freshwater Biology 2004 49 11 1415 1422 doi 10 1111 j 1365 2427 2004 01276 x 英语 Joel W Martin George E Davis An Updated Classification of the Recent Crustacea PDF 洛杉磯縣自然歷史博物館 2001 132 2022 01 20 原始内容 PDF 存档于2013 05 12 17 0 17 1 17 2 17 3 Henri J Dumont Werner Hollwedel Leptodora kindtii Focke 1844 from Bremen Germany discovered forgotten and rediscovered Crustaceana 英语 Crustaceana 2009 82 11 1457 1461 doi 10 1163 001121609X12511103974457 Crustacea Cladocera checkList PDF Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment FADA Project Belgian Biodiversity Platform 2010 10 20 2010 11 07 原始内容存档 PDF 于2022 01 19 英语 19 0 19 1 Wilhelm Lilljeborg An Account of two remarkable Crustacea of the Order Cladocera Annals and Magazine of Natural History 英语 Annals and Magazine of Natural History 3rd series 1862 9 50 132 136 2022 01 20 doi 10 1080 00222936208681196 原始内容存档于2022 02 20 Mary D Balcer Nancy L Korda Stanley I Dodson Life history and ecology of the major crustacean species Zooplankton of the Great Lakes a guide to the identification and ecology of the common crustacean species University of Wisconsin Press 英语 University of Wisconsin Press 1984 49 109 ISBN 978 0 299 09820 9 Jorgen Olesen Stefan Richter Gerhard Scholtz On the ontogeny of Leptodora kindtii Crustacea Branchiopoda Cladocera with notes on the phylogeny of the Cladocera Journal of Morphology 英语 Journal of Morphology 2003 256 3 235 259 PMID 12655608 S2CID 24239891 doi 10 1002 jmor 10043 Leptodora Lilljeborg 1861 GBIF 2022 07 13 原始内容存档于2022 07 13 外部連結 编辑维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源 薄皮蚤屬Leptodora kindtii Missouri State University 2006 08 2022 01 20 原始内容存档于2012 03 04 英语 Creature of the Month Leptodora kindtii Zooplankton online net 2005 07 2010 03 19 原始内容存档于2006 10 19 英语 Leptodora kindtii swimming QuickTime University of New Hampshire 2020 02 英语 Leptodora kindtii swimming and bending University of New Hampshire 2010 03 19 原始内容 QuickTime 存档于2006 09 05 英语 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 薄皮蚤屬 amp oldid 80684239, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，

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