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舌形动物類 （學名：Pentastomida 五口动物類 ，是动物界 的一个分類 。属于無脊椎動物 ，介乎於环节动物 和节肢动物 之间，均為寄生性 動物。其特徵是体软、扁而长，无色，透明，无足。身長從數毫米到十數厘米，体表分近百个清晰的节段，内部却并不分节。舌形動物均為雌雄异体 的專性寄生物 [2] 呼吸系统 、排泄系统 循环系统 ，虫体前端口部突出，呈椭圆形，周围有兩對可伸缩的钩，用以附着在寄主组织上。 本物種的名稱是因為從其部分物種的外型酷似脊椎動物的舌頭，因而為名；而其學名及另一名稱「五口動物」的來源，則是因為其口器的五個鈎，好像有五個口一樣，因而為名。這五個「鈎」，其實只有一個是真的口器、其餘四個只是顎足。過往由於對本分類物種的分類不明，單單從外形來判斷，所以將其歸類到門一層。後來到了2001年，研究證據顯示五口動物實為退化了的寄生性節肢動物，本物種生物跟其他物種的關係得到確認，所以被降至歸入成為顎足綱 的一員，是為舌形亞綱 [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]
舌形亞綱 一隻雌性的Linguatula serrata 科学分类 界： 动物界 Animalia门： 节肢动物门 Arthropoda亚门： 甲殼亞門 Crustacea纲： 魚介形綱 Ichthyostraca 亚纲： 舌形亞綱 Pentastomida Diesing 目 [1]
現時本分類有物種約130個[8]
分類 编辑 以下為这是马丁和戴维斯在2001年成立的分类[9] 甲壳亚门 顎足綱 。以下包含现存的目、超科、科、属和种[1]
Armillifer armillatus Wyman, 1848, a 4 cm individual collected from the respiratory system of a python, Python sebae Female (right) and male (left) Armillifer sp. 頭行目 Cephalobaenida Heymons, 1935 Cephalobaenidae Heymons, 1922 Cephalobaena Heymons, 1922 Cephalobaena tetrapoda Heymons, 1922 Linguatulidae Haldeman, 1851 Linguatula arctica Riley, Haugerud & Nilssen, 1987 Linguatula multiannulata Haffner & Rack in Haffner, Rack & Sachs, 1969 Linguatula recurvata (Diesing, 1850) Linguatula serrata Frölich, 1789 Neolinguatula Haffner & Rack in Haffner, Rack & Sachs, 1969 Neolinguatula nuttalli (Sambon, 1922) Subtriquetridae Fain, 1961 Subtriquetra Sambon, 1922 Subtriquetra megacephalum (Baird, 1853) Subtriquetra rileyi Junker, Boomker & Booyse, 1998 Subtriquetra shipleyi Hett, 1924 Subtriquetra subtriquetra (Diesing, 1836) 孔头舌虫科 Porocephalidae Sambon, 1922 舌蟲屬 Armillifer Sambon, 1922 Armillifer aborealis Riley & Self, 1981 Armillifer agkistrodontis Self & Kuntz, 1966 Armillifer armillatus (Wyman, 1845) Armillifer australis Heymons, 1935 Armillifer grandis (Hett, 1915) Armillifer mazzai (Sambon, 1922) Armillifer moniliformis (Diesing, 1836) Armillifer yoshidai Kishida, 1928 Cubirea annulata (Baird, 1853) Cubirea pomeroyi (Woodland, 1921) Elenia australis Heymons, 1932 Gigliolella Chabaud & Choquet, 1954 Gigliolella brumpti (Giglioli, 1922) Kiricephalus Sambon, 1922 Kiricephalus clelii Riley & Self, 1980 Kiricephalus coarctatus (Diesing, 1850) Kiricephalus constrictor Riley & Self, 1980 Kiricephalus gabonensis Riley & Self, 1980 Kiricephalus pattoni (Stephens, 1908) Kiricephalus tortus (Shipley, 1898) Parasambonia Stunkard & Gandal, 1968 Parasambonia bridgesi Stunkard & Gandal, 1968 Parasambonia minor Riley & Self, 1982 Porocephalus Humboldt, 1812 Porocephalus basiliscus Riley & Self, 1979 Porocephalus benoiti Fain, 1960 Porocephalus bifurcatus Porocephalus clavatus (Wyman, 1845) Porocephalus crotali Humboldt, 1812 Porocephalus dominicana Riley & Walters, 1980 Porocephalus stilesi Sambon in Vaney & Sambon, 1910 Porocephalus subuliferum (Leuckart, 1860) Porocephalus taiwana Qiu, Ma, Fan & Lu, 2005 Porocephalus tortugensis Riley & Self, 1979 Waddycephalus Sambon, 1922 Waddycephalus calligaster Riley & Self, 1981 Waddycephalus komodoensis Riley & Self, 1981 Waddycephalus longicauda Riley & Self, 1981 Waddycephalus porphyriacus Riley & Self, 1981 Waddycephalus punctulatus Riley & Self, 1981 Waddycephalus radiata Riley & Self, 1981 Waddycephalus scutata Riley & Self, 1981 Waddycephalus superbus Riley & Self, 1981 Waddycephalus teretiusculus (Baird, 1862) Waddycephalus vitiensis Heymons, 1932 Alofia Giglioli in Sambon, 1922 Alofia ginae Giglioli in Sambon, 1922 Alofia indica (von Linstow, 1906) Alofia merki Giglioli 'in Sambon, 1922 Alofia nilotici Riley & Huchzermeyer, 1995 Alofia parva Riley & Huchzermeyer, 1995 Alofia platycephalum (Lohrmann, 1889) Alofia simpsoni Riley, 1994 Alofia travassosi (Heymons, 1932) Diesingia kachugensis (Shipley, 1910) Diesingia megastomum (Diesing, 1836) Selfia porosus Riley, 1994 Leiperia australiensis Riley & Huchzermeyer, 1996 Leiperia cincinnalis (Sambon in Vaney & Sambon, 1910) Leiperia gracilis (Diesing, 1836) Sambonia Noc & Giglioli, 1922 Sambonia clavata (Lohrmann, 1889) Sambonia parapodum Self & Kuntz, 1966 Sambonia solomenensis (Self & Kuntz, 1957) Sambonia varani (Self & Kuntz, 1957) Sambonia wardi (Sambon in Vaney & Sambon, 1910) Agema silvaepalustris Riley et al. , 1997 Pelonia Junker & Boomker, 2002 Pelonia africana Junker & Boomker, 2002 Sebekia cesarisi Giglioli in Sambon, 1922 Sebekia divestei Giglioli in Sambon, 1922 Sebekia johnstoni Riley, Spratt & Winch, 1990 Sebekia microhamus Self & Rego, 1985 Sebekia minor (Wedl, 1861) Sebekia mississippiensis Overstreet, Self & Vliet, 1985 Sebekia multiannulata Riley, Spratt & Winch, 1990 Sebekia novaeguineae Riley, Spratt & Winch, 1990 Sebekia okavangoensis Riley & Huchzermeyer, 1995 Sebekia oxycephalum (Diesing, 1836) Sebekia purdieae Riley, Spratt & Winch, 1990 Sebekia trinitatis Riley, Spratt & Winch, 1990 Raillietiellida Almeida & Christoffersen, 1999 Raillietiellidae Sambon, 1922 Raillietiella Sambon, 1910 Raillietiella aegypti Ali, Riley & Self, 1982 Raillietiella affinis Bovien, 1927 Raillietiella agcoi Tubangui & Masiluñgan, 1936 Raillietiella ampanihyensis Gretillat, Brygoo & Domergue, 1962 Raillietiella amphiboluri Mahon, 1954 Raillietiella belohaensis McAllister, Riley, Freed & Freed, 1993 Raillietiella bicaudata Heymons & Vitzthum, 1935 Raillietiella boulengeri (Vaney & Sambon, 1910) Raillietiella bufonis Ali, Riley & Self, 1982 Raillietiella cartagenensis Ali, Riley & Self, 1985 Raillietiella chamaeleonis Gretillat & Brygoo, 1959 Raillietiella colubrilineati (Leuckart, 1860) Raillietiella congolensis Fain, 1961 Raillietiella crotali Ali, Riley & Self, 1984 Raillietiella freitasi (Motta & Gomes, 1968) Raillietiella furcocercum (Diesing, 1836) Raillietiella gehyrae Bovien, 1927 Raillietiella gigliolii Hett, 1924 Raillietiella gowrii Rajalu & Rajendran, 1970 Raillietiella hebitihamata Self & Kuntz, 1960 Raillietiella hemidactyli Hett, 1934 Raillietiella indica Gedoelst, 1921 Raillietiella kochi Heymons, 1926 Raillietiella mabuiae Heymons, 1922 Raillietiella maculatus Rao & Hiregaudar, 1962 Raillietiella maculilabris Ali, Riley & Self, 1984 Raillietiella madagascariensis McAllister et al. , 1993 Raillietiella mediterranea (Hett, 1915) Raillietiella monarchus Ali, Riley & Self, 1984 Raillietiella morenoi Abreu-Acosta et al. , 2006 Raillietiella mottae Almeida, Freire & Lopes, 2008 Raillietiella namibiensis Riley & Heideman 1998 Raillietiella orientalis (Hett, 1915) Raillietiella piscator Nair, 1967 Raillietiella rileyi Krishnasamy et al. , 1995 Raillietiella schoutedeni Fain, 1960 Raillietiella scincoides Ali, Riley & Self, 1984 Raillietiella spiralis Hett, 1924 Raillietiella teagueselfi Riley, McAllister & Freed, 1988 Raillietiella tetrapoda (Gretillat, Brygoo & Domergue, 1962) Raillietiella trachea Riley, Oaks & Gilbert, 2003 Raillietiella venteli (Motta, 1965) Yelirella petauri (Spratt, 2010) Reighardiida Almeida & Christoffersen, 1999 Reighardiidae Heymons, 1926 Hispania Martínez et al. , 2004 Hispania vulturis Martínez et al. , 2004 Reighardia lomviae Dyck, 1975 Reighardia sternae (Diesing, 1864) 參考文獻 编辑 ^ 1.0 1.1 Boxshall, Geoff . Pentastomida. WoRMS [2013-05-13 ] . ^ Chen, Shao-Hong; Liu, Qin; Zhang, Yong-Nian; Chen, Jia-Xu; Li, Hao; Chen, Ying; Steinmann, Peter; Zhou, Xiao-Nong. Multi-host Model-Based Identification of Armillifer agkistrodontis (Pentastomida), a New Zoonotic Parasite from China. 2010-04-06 [2019-02-10 ] . doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000647 . （原始内容于2019-12-13） （英语） . ^ Lavrov, Dennis V.; Brown, Wesley M.; Boore, Jeffrey L. Phylogenetic position of the Pentastomida and (pan)crustacean relationships. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. 7 March 2004, 271 (1538): 537–544. PMC 1691615 PMID 15129965 . doi:10.1098/rspb.2003.2631 . ^ Boxshall, Geoff. Crustacea. WoRMS [2019-02-09 ] . ^ Boxshall, Geoff. Oligostraca. WoRMS [2019-02-09 ] . ^ Boxshall, Geoff. Ichthyostraca. WoRMS [2019-02-09 ] –通过WoRMS ^ Zrzavý, J., Hypša, V. & Vlášková, M. Fortey, R.A. & Thomas, R.H. , 编. Arthropod phylogeny: taxonomic congruence, total evidence and conditional combination approaches to morphological and molecular data sets. Systematics Association ^ Waloszek, Dieter; Repetski, John E.; Maas, Andreas. A new Late Cambrian pentastomid and a review of the relationships of this parasitic group. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences. 2005, 96 : 163–176. doi:10.1017/S0263593300001280 （英语） . ^ Martin, J. W.; Davis, G. E. An Updated Classification of the Recent Crustacea (PDF ) . Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County . 2001: 132 pp [2014-08-28 ] . （原始内容 (PDF) 于2013-05-12） （英语） . ^ 李健、石云良、施维、方芳、周庆安、李雯雯、何国声、黄维义. 扫描电镜观察猴体内寄生的蛇舌状虫属若虫及基于其 18S rRNA 基因的种系发育关系分析 (PDF ) . 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志. 2012-04, 30 (2) [2019-02-08 ] （中文（简体）） . 參看 编辑 外部連結 编辑
舌形動物類, 此條目需要更新, 2018年8月6日, 請更新本文以反映近況和新增内容, 完成修改後請移除本模板, 舌形动物類, 學名, pentastomida, 又称五口动物類, 是动物界的一个分類, 属于無脊椎動物, 介乎於环节动物和节肢动物之间, 均為寄生性動物, 其特徵是体软, 扁而长, 无色, 透明, 无足, 身長從數毫米到十數厘米, 体表分近百个清晰的节段, 内部却并不分节, 舌形動物均為雌雄异体的專性寄生物, 牠們的身體没有呼吸系统, 排泄系统, 英语, excretory, system, 和循环系. 此條目需要更新 2018年8月6日 請更新本文以反映近況和新增内容 完成修改後請移除本模板 舌形动物類 學名 Pentastomida 又称五口动物類 是动物界的一个分類 属于無脊椎動物 介乎於环节动物和节肢动物之间 均為寄生性動物 其特徵是体软 扁而长 无色 透明 无足 身長從數毫米到十數厘米 体表分近百个清晰的节段 内部却并不分节 舌形動物均為雌雄异体的專性寄生物 2 牠們的身體没有呼吸系统 排泄系统 英语 Excretory system 和循环系统 虫体前端口部突出 呈椭圆形 周围有兩對可伸缩的钩 用以附着在寄主组织上 本物種的名稱是因為從其部分物種的外型酷似脊椎動物的舌頭 因而為名 而其學名及另一名稱 五口動物 的來源 則是因為其口器的五個鈎 好像有五個口一樣 因而為名 這五個 鈎 其實只有一個是真的口器 其餘四個只是顎足 過往由於對本分類物種的分類不明 單單從外形來判斷 所以將其歸類到門一層 後來到了2001年 研究證據顯示五口動物實為退化了的寄生性節肢動物 本物種生物跟其他物種的關係得到確認 所以被降至歸入成為顎足綱的一員 是為舌形亞綱 3 隨著顎足動物的分類被重組 舌形亞綱亦被重新分類 成為了寡甲總綱魚介形綱的成員 4 5 6 7 舌形亞綱 化石时期 511 0 Ma PreYe Ye O S D C P T J K Pg N 寒武紀 現代一隻雌性的Linguatula serrata科学分类界 动物界 Animalia门 节肢动物门 Arthropoda亚门 甲殼亞門 Crustacea纲 魚介形綱 Ichthyostraca亚纲 舌形亞綱 Pentastomida Diesing 英语 K M Diesing 1836目 1 頭行目 Cephalobaenida 孔头舌虫目 Porocephalida Raillietiellida Reighardiida現時本分類有物種約130個 8 皆為被動式寄生物 其部分解剖結果為退化性 成年的舌蟲長約1至14厘米 0 4至5 5英寸 多數於宿主的呼吸系統黏付着 目录 1 分類 2 參考文獻 3 參看 4 外部連結分類 编辑以下為这是马丁和戴维斯在2001年成立的分类 9 将五口动物置于甲壳亚门顎足綱 以下包含现存的目 超科 科 属和种 1 nbsp Armillifer armillatus Wyman 1848 a 4 cm individual collected from the respiratory system of a python Python sebae Specimen deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde Berlin nbsp Female right and male left Armillifer sp 頭行目 Cephalobaenida Heymons 1935Cephalobaenidae Heymons 1922Cephalobaena Heymons 1922Cephalobaena tetrapoda Heymons 1922 dd dd dd 孔头舌虫目 Porocephalida 10 LinguatuloideaLinguatulidae Haldeman 1851Linguatula Frolich 1789Linguatula arctica Riley Haugerud amp Nilssen 1987 Linguatula multiannulata Haffner amp Rack in Haffner Rack amp Sachs 1969 Linguatula recurvata Diesing 1850 Linguatula serrata Frolich 1789Neolinguatula Haffner amp Rack in Haffner Rack amp Sachs 1969Neolinguatula nuttalli Sambon 1922 dd Subtriquetridae Fain 1961Subtriquetra Sambon 1922Subtriquetra megacephalum Baird 1853 Subtriquetra rileyi Junker Boomker amp Booyse 1998 Subtriquetra shipleyi Hett 1924 Subtriquetra subtriquetra Diesing 1836 dd dd 孔頭舌蟲總科 Porocephaloidea孔头舌虫科 Porocephalidae Sambon 1922舌蟲屬 Armillifer Sambon 1922Armillifer aborealis Riley amp Self 1981 Armillifer agkistrodontis Self amp Kuntz 1966 Armillifer armillatus Wyman 1845 Armillifer australis Heymons 1935 Armillifer grandis Hett 1915 Armillifer mazzai Sambon 1922 Armillifer moniliformis Diesing 1836 Armillifer yoshidai Kishida 1928Cubirea Kishida 1928Cubirea annulata Baird 1853 Cubirea pomeroyi Woodland 1921 Elenia Heymons 1932Elenia australis Heymons 1932Gigliolella Chabaud amp Choquet 1954Gigliolella brumpti Giglioli 1922 Kiricephalus Sambon 1922Kiricephalus clelii Riley amp Self 1980 Kiricephalus coarctatus Diesing 1850 Kiricephalus constrictor Riley amp Self 1980 Kiricephalus gabonensis Riley amp Self 1980 Kiricephalus pattoni Stephens 1908 Kiricephalus tortus Shipley 1898 Parasambonia Stunkard amp Gandal 1968Parasambonia bridgesi Stunkard amp Gandal 1968 Parasambonia minor Riley amp Self 1982Porocephalus Humboldt 1812Porocephalus basiliscus Riley amp Self 1979 Porocephalus benoiti Fain 1960 Porocephalus bifurcatus Porocephalus clavatus Wyman 1845 Porocephalus crotali Humboldt 1812 Porocephalus dominicana Riley amp Walters 1980 Porocephalus stilesi Sambon in Vaney amp Sambon 1910 Porocephalus subuliferum Leuckart 1860 Porocephalus taiwana Qiu Ma Fan amp Lu 2005 Porocephalus tortugensis Riley amp Self 1979Waddycephalus Sambon 1922Waddycephalus calligaster Riley amp Self 1981 Waddycephalus komodoensis Riley amp Self 1981 Waddycephalus longicauda Riley amp Self 1981 Waddycephalus porphyriacus Riley amp Self 1981 Waddycephalus punctulatus Riley amp Self 1981 Waddycephalus radiata Riley amp Self 1981 Waddycephalus scutata Riley amp Self 1981 Waddycephalus superbus Riley amp Self 1981 Waddycephalus teretiusculus Baird 1862 Waddycephalus vitiensis Heymons 1932 dd Sebekidae Sambon 1922Alofia Giglioli in Sambon 1922Alofia ginae Giglioli in Sambon 1922 Alofia indica von Linstow 1906 Alofia merki Giglioli inSambon 1922 Alofia nilotici Riley amp Huchzermeyer 1995 Alofia parva Riley amp Huchzermeyer 1995 Alofia platycephalum Lohrmann 1889 Alofia simpsoni Riley 1994 Alofia travassosi Heymons 1932 Diesingia Sambon 1922Diesingia kachugensis Shipley 1910 Diesingia megastomum Diesing 1836 Selfia Riley 1994Selfia porosus Riley 1994Leiperia Sambon 1922Leiperia australiensis Riley amp Huchzermeyer 1996 Leiperia cincinnalis Sambon in Vaney amp Sambon 1910 Leiperia gracilis Diesing 1836 Sambonia Noc amp Giglioli 1922Sambonia clavata Lohrmann 1889 Sambonia parapodum Self amp Kuntz 1966 Sambonia solomenensis Self amp Kuntz 1957 Sambonia varani Self amp Kuntz 1957 Sambonia wardi Sambon in Vaney amp Sambon 1910 Agema Riley et al 1997Agema silvaepalustris Riley et al 1997Pelonia Junker amp Boomker 2002Pelonia africana Junker amp Boomker 2002Sebekia Sambon 1922Sebekia cesarisi Giglioli in Sambon 1922 Sebekia divestei Giglioli in Sambon 1922 Sebekia johnstoni Riley Spratt amp Winch 1990 Sebekia microhamus Self amp Rego 1985 Sebekia minor Wedl 1861 Sebekia mississippiensis Overstreet Self amp Vliet 1985 Sebekia multiannulata Riley Spratt amp Winch 1990 Sebekia novaeguineae Riley Spratt amp Winch 1990 Sebekia okavangoensis Riley amp Huchzermeyer 1995 Sebekia oxycephalum Diesing 1836 Sebekia purdieae Riley Spratt amp Winch 1990 Sebekia trinitatis Riley Spratt amp Winch 1990 dd dd dd Raillietiellida Almeida amp Christoffersen 1999Raillietiellidae Sambon 1922Raillietiella Sambon 1910Raillietiella aegypti Ali Riley amp Self 1982 Raillietiella affinis Bovien 1927 Raillietiella agcoi Tubangui amp Masilungan 1936 Raillietiella ampanihyensis Gretillat Brygoo amp Domergue 1962 Raillietiella amphiboluri Mahon 1954 Raillietiella belohaensis McAllister Riley Freed amp Freed 1993 Raillietiella bicaudata Heymons amp Vitzthum 1935 Raillietiella boulengeri Vaney amp Sambon 1910 Raillietiella bufonis Ali Riley amp Self 1982 Raillietiella cartagenensis Ali Riley amp Self 1985 Raillietiella chamaeleonis Gretillat amp Brygoo 1959 Raillietiella colubrilineati Leuckart 1860 Raillietiella congolensis Fain 1961 Raillietiella crotali Ali Riley amp Self 1984 Raillietiella freitasi Motta amp Gomes 1968 Raillietiella furcocercum Diesing 1836 Raillietiella gehyrae Bovien 1927 Raillietiella gigliolii Hett 1924 Raillietiella gowrii Rajalu amp Rajendran 1970 Raillietiella hebitihamata Self amp Kuntz 1960 Raillietiella hemidactyli Hett 1934 Raillietiella indica Gedoelst 1921 Raillietiella kochi Heymons 1926 Raillietiella mabuiae Heymons 1922 Raillietiella maculatus Rao amp Hiregaudar 1962 Raillietiella maculilabris Ali Riley amp Self 1984 Raillietiella madagascariensis McAllister et al 1993 Raillietiella mediterranea Hett 1915 Raillietiella monarchus Ali Riley amp Self 1984 Raillietiella morenoi Abreu Acosta et al 2006 Raillietiella mottae Almeida Freire amp Lopes 2008 Raillietiella namibiensis Riley amp Heideman 1998 Raillietiella orientalis Hett 1915 Raillietiella piscator Nair 1967 Raillietiella rileyi Krishnasamy et al 1995 Raillietiella schoutedeni Fain 1960 Raillietiella scincoides Ali Riley amp Self 1984 Raillietiella spiralis Hett 1924 Raillietiella teagueselfi Riley McAllister amp Freed 1988 Raillietiella tetrapoda Gretillat Brygoo amp Domergue 1962 Raillietiella trachea Riley Oaks amp Gilbert 2003 Raillietiella venteli Motta 1965 Yelirella Spratt 2010Yelirella petauri Spratt 2010 dd dd dd Reighardiida Almeida amp Christoffersen 1999Reighardiidae Heymons 1926Hispania Martinez et al 2004Hispania vulturis Martinez et al 2004Reighardia Ward 1899Reighardia lomviae Dyck 1975 Reighardia sternae Diesing 1864 dd dd dd 參考文獻 编辑 1 0 1 1 Boxshall Geoff Pentastomida WoRMS 2013 2013 05 13 Chen Shao Hong Liu Qin Zhang Yong Nian Chen Jia Xu Li Hao Chen Ying Steinmann Peter Zhou Xiao Nong Multi host Model Based Identification of Armillifer agkistrodontis Pentastomida a New Zoonotic Parasite from China 2010 04 06 2019 02 10 doi 10 1371 journal pntd 0000647 原始内容存档于2019 12 13 英语 Lavrov Dennis V Brown Wesley M Boore Jeffrey L Phylogenetic position of the Pentastomida and pan crustacean relationships Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences 7 March 2004 271 1538 537 544 PMC 1691615 nbsp PMID 15129965 doi 10 1098 rspb 2003 2631 Boxshall Geoff Crustacea WoRMS 2015 05 05 2019 02 09 Boxshall Geoff Oligostraca WoRMS 2017 09 04 2019 02 09 Boxshall Geoff Ichthyostraca WoRMS 2017 09 04 2019 02 09 通过WoRMS Zrzavy J Hypsa V amp Vlaskova M Fortey R A amp Thomas R H 编 Arthropod phylogeny taxonomic congruence total evidence and conditional combination approaches to morphological and molecular data sets Systematics Association London Chapman amp Hall 1997 Special Volume series 55 pp 97 107 引文格式1维护 冗余文本 link Waloszek Dieter Repetski John E Maas Andreas A new Late Cambrian pentastomid and a review of the relationships of this parasitic group Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Earth Sciences 2005 96 163 176 doi 10 1017 S0263593300001280 英语 Martin J W Davis G E An Updated Classification of the Recent Crustacea PDF Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 2001 132 pp 2014 08 28 原始内容存档 PDF 于2013 05 12 英语 李健 石云良 施维 方芳 周庆安 李雯雯 何国声 黄维义 扫描电镜观察猴体内寄生的蛇舌状虫属若虫及基于其 18S rRNA 基因的种系发育关系分析 PDF 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 2012 04 30 2 2019 02 08 中文 简体 參看 编辑舌形虫病或人舌形虫病外部連結 编辑维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源 舌形動物類 nbsp 維基物種上的相關信息 舌形動物類 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 舌形動物類 amp oldid 76096351, 维基百科，wiki ，书籍，书籍，图书馆，
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