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聖文德

聖文德,天主教译为圣文都辣,或譯波拿文德拉波那文都O.F.M.義大利語San Bonaventura,1221年-1274年)[1],是中世纪義大利神学家哲学家。作为第七任方济各会总会长英语List of Ministers General of the Order of Friars Minor,曾任阿尔巴诺教区領銜主教

圣文都辣
精修圣人樞機主教教会圣师
出生约于 1221年
教宗国 拉齐奥 维泰博省 巴尼奥雷焦
逝世7月15日 1274年(52-53歲)
阿尔勒王国 里昂内省 里昂
敬礼於罗马天主教
英格蘭教會
封圣1482 1482年4月14日
教宗西斯都五世
罗马
瞻礼7月15日
7月第二个主日 (1482–1568)
7月14日 (1568–1969)
象徵英语Saint symbolism挂在灌木丛上的枢机主教帽;圣体盘英语Ciborium (container)圣体圣事;穿着方济各会会衣的枢机,通常在读书或写字

文德於1482年4月14被教宗西斯都四世尊奉為聖人,並於1588年被教宗西斯都五世列為教會聖師之一。文德因其完備的品德,被尊稱為“色勒芬天使博士”(拉丁語Doctor Seraphicus)和“方济各会第二會祖”。

許多署名為文德中世紀的作品(其實並非文德所寫),被以“偽文德文集英语Pseudo-Bonaventura”為名收集起來。

生平

 
聖文德,由 Claude François 所作
 
聖文德的牧徽

文德於1221年生在義大利維泰博省巴尼奥雷焦,幼年時患重病,因聖方濟各的祈禱而痊癒。二十歲時入方濟各會,1243年至1248年在巴黎方濟各會學習,之後在巴黎大學教導神學與《聖經》。

1257年任方濟各會總會長,當時整個修會人數超過三萬,並且存在許多不同派別。文德注重學術運動,努力將神恩性的方濟運動導入正軌。

1273年教宗國瑞十世命文德爲樞機,兼亞巴若總主教。1274年國瑞召開里昂大公會議,商討與希臘教會合一問題。文德是這次大公會議中最活躍、出力最多的人物,卻在會議進行中的7月15日患病逝世。

1482年天主教將他榮列聖品,1588年晉封為教會聖師天主教英格蘭教會每年以7月15日作為他的紀念日。

神學思想

  • 在小事上對神忠心,便是一件偉大、英勇的德行。修德真正的意義在於經常控制自己的意志,將一切思想,言語和行爲奉獻給神,讓神的恩典貫注我們全部生命。
  • 「神恩」與「體制」、「信仰」與「知識」絕非彼此對立,而是相輔相成。
  • 神與人是不同的,人無法用理性認識神,只能用類推的方式不明確的認知。[2]

其神學作品有《心靈邁向天主的旅程》《隆巴哲學思想注疏》《基督的神貧論》《純全的生活》《自言》《三條路》《教父彼得郎巴德名言集注釋》《聖經注釋》與《神學概要》等。[3]

其哲學思想很大程度上受到奧古斯丁影響,甚至可視為奧古斯丁主義者之一員。

藝術形象

以文德為名的地區、教堂、學校

  • 加拿大魁北克省文德鎮
  • 魁北克10號高速公路的蒙特婁段「文德高速公路」
  • Place Bonaventure and the adjacent Bonaventure Metro Station in Montreal, Quebec
  • Bonaventure Island and the Bonaventure River in the Gaspé Peninsula Region of Quebec
  • St. Bonaventure's College, a private Roman Catholic school, in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
  • St Bonaventure's Catholic Comprehensive School, in Forest Gate, London, England
  • St Bonaventure Catholic School, at Edwards Gardens, Toronto, Canada
  • Mission San Buenaventura and the City of Ventura, California, officially named San Buenaventura, United States
  • St. Bonaventure High School in Ventura, California, United States
  • St. Bonaventure University, a Franciscan university, in Allegany, New York
  • St. Bonaventure Monastery, a complex of religious buildings, built for the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, located in Detroit, Michigan. Venerable Father Solanus Casey served here as the monastery porter from 1924-1946, meeting visitors at the friary door. The site is a popular pilgrimage site for Metro Detroit Catholics.
  • The Municipality of Buenaventura on the Pacific Coast of Colombia
  • The cities of San Benaventura in Chihuahua and San Buenaventura, Coahuila in Mexico and State of San Benaventura
  • Barangay San Buenaventura, a village in San Pablo City, Laguna, Philippines. Three small chapels can be found within the village in honour of Saint Bonaventura
  • St. Bonaventure's High School, a school in Hyderabad, Pakistan
  • St. Bonaventure's Church, a 16th-century Portuguese church is situated on the beach in Erangal near Mumbai. The annual Erangal Feast held on second Sunday of January, celebrating the Feast day of St. Bonaventure, attracts thousands of people of all faiths to this scenic spot. The Birthday Of St. Bonaventure is celebrated on the 15th of July every year.
  • St. Bonaventure Parish, Balangkayan Eastern Samar, Philippines
  • Bonaventure Hall, in Sacred Heart Parish Catholic School, in Patterson, California, USA
  • Bonaventure Residence Hall, in Viterbo University, in La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA
  • 台灣台北市文德女中
  • 香港慈雲山聖文德書院
  • 香港慈雲山聖文德天主教小学
  • 香港聖方濟會聖文德天主教小學

作品

 
Legenda maior, 1477
  • Bonaventure Texts in Translation Series, St. Bonaventure, NY, Franciscan Institute Publications (15 volumes):
    • On the Reduction of the Arts to Theology, Translation, Introduction and Commentary by Zachary Hayes, OFM, vol. 1, 1996.
    • Journey of the Soul into God - Itinerarium Mentis in Deum translation and Introduction by Zachary Hayes, OFM, and Philotheus Boehner, OFM, vol. 2, 2002. ISBN 978-1-57659-044-7
    • Disputed Questions on the Mystery of the Trinity, translated by Zachary Hayes, vol. 3, 1979. ISBN 978-1-57659-045-4.
    • Disputed Questions on the Knowledge of Christ, translated by Zachary Hayes, vol. 4, 1992.
    • Writings Concerning the Franciscan Order, translated by Dominic V. Monti, OFM, vol. 5, 1994.
    • Collations on the Ten Commandments, translated by Paul Spaeth, vol. 6, 1995.
    • Commentary on Ecclesiastes, translated by Campion Murray and Robert J. Karris, vol. 7, 2005.
    • Commentary on the Gospel of Luke, translated by Robert J. Karris, (3 vols), vol. 8, 2001-4.
    • Breviloquium, translated by Dominic V. Monti, OFM, vol. 9, 2005.
    • Writings on the Spiritual Life, [includes translations of The Threefold Way, On the Perfection of Life, On Governing the Soul, and The Soliloquium: A Dialogue on the Four Spiritual Exercises, the prologue to the Commentary on Book II of the Sentences of Peter Lombard and three short sermons: On the Way of Life, On Holy Saturday, and On the Monday after Palm Sunday, vol. 10, 2006.
    • Commentary on the Gospel of John, translated by Robert J. Karris, vol. 11, 2007.
    • The Sunday sermons of St. Bonaventure, edited and translated by Timothy J. Johnson, vol. 12, 2008.
    • Disputed questions on evangelical perfection, edited and translated by Thomas Reist and Robert J. Karris, vol. 13, 2008.
    • Collations on the seven gifts of the Holy Spirit, introduced and translated by Zachary Hayes, vol. 14, 2008.
    • Defense of the mendicants, translated by Jose de Vinck and Robert J. Karris, vol. 15, 2010.
  • The Journey of the Mind into God (Itinerarium mentis in Deum), Indianapolis: Hackett, 1993. ISBN 978-0-8722-0200-9
  • On the Reduction of the Arts to Theology (De Reductione Artium ad Theologiam), translated by Zachary Hayes, (Saint Bonaventure, NY: Franciscan Institute, 1996. ISBN 978-1-57659-043-0
  • Bringing forth Christ: five feasts of the child Jesus, translated by Eric Doyle, Oxford: SLG Press, 1984.
  • The soul's journey into God; The tree of life; The life of St. Francis. Ewert Cousins, translator The Classics of Western Spirituality. Mahwah, New Jersey: Paulist Press. 1978. ISBN 0-8091-2121-2. 
  • The Mystical Vine: a Treatise on the Passion of Our Lord, translated by a friar of SSF, London: Mowbray, 1955.
  • Life of St Francis of Assisi, TAN Books, 2010. ISBN 978-0-89555-151-1

参考文献

  1. ^ M. Walsh (编). Butler's Lives of the Saints. New York: HarperCollins. 1991: 216. 
  2. ^ 基督教兩千年史,淘理博士主編,海天書樓,291-293
  3. ^ 簡明大英百科全書中文版3,台灣中華書局,265。

扩展阅读

  • Hammond, Jay M. Bonaventure, St.. Marthaler, Bernard L. (编). New Catholic Encyclopedia. Volume 2 2nd. Detroit: Thomson/Gale in association with the Catholic University of America. 2003: 479–493. ISBN 0-7876-4006-9. 
  • Hammond, Jay M.; Hellmann, J.A. Wayne; Goff, Jared (编). A Companion to Bonaventure. Brill's Companions to the Christian Tradition. Boston: Brill. 2013. ISBN 978-90-04-26072-6. 
  • LaNave, Gregory F. "Bonaventure", in Paul L. Gavrilyuk and Sarah Coakley (eds.), The Spiritual Senses: Perceiving God in Western Christianity, Cambridge: Cambridge, University of Cambridge, 2011, 159–173.
  • Quinn, John Francis. The Historical Constitution of St. Bonaventure's Philosophy, Toronto: Pontificial Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1973.
  • Tavard, George Henry. From Bonaventure to the Reformers, Milwaukee: Marquette University Press, 2005 (Marquette Studies in Theology). ISBN 0-87462-695-1 ISBN 9780874626957.
  • Tim Noone and R. E. Houser, "Saint Bonaventure." Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/bonaventure/ (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
  • D. J. Dales, 'Divine Remaking: St Bonaventure & the Gospel of Luke, James Clarke & Co., Cambridge, 2017.
  • D. J. Dales, 'Way back to God: the Spiritual Theology of St Bonaventure, James Clarke & Co., Cambridge, 2019.

外部链接

  • "Saint Bonaventure" article by Tim Noone and R. E. Houser in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
  • St Bonaventure from the Franciscan Archive.
  • S Bonaventura: Opera Omnia Peltiero Edente (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (Latin original texts).
  • St. Bonaventure Works at Franciscan Institute (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  • 《7月15日 聖文德(st. Bonaventura)》,天主教方濟會聖高讀經推廣中心網站 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  • 《聖文德主教聖師生平》,網上方濟會 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆


聖文德, 天主教译为圣文都辣, 或譯波拿文德拉, 波那文都, 義大利語, bonaventura, 1221年, 1274年, 是中世纪義大利的神学家及哲学家, 作为第七任方济各会总会长, 英语, list, ministers, general, order, friars, minor, 曾任阿尔巴诺教区領銜主教, 圣文都辣精修圣人, 樞機主教, 教会圣师出生约于, 1221年教宗国, 拉齐奥, 维泰博省, 巴尼奥雷焦逝世7月15日, 1274年, 53歲, 阿尔勒王国, 里昂内省, 里昂敬礼於罗马天主教英格蘭. 聖文德 天主教译为圣文都辣 或譯波拿文德拉 波那文都 O F M 義大利語 San Bonaventura 1221年 1274年 1 是中世纪義大利的神学家及哲学家 作为第七任方济各会总会长 英语 List of Ministers General of the Order of Friars Minor 曾任阿尔巴诺教区領銜主教 圣文都辣精修圣人 樞機主教 教会圣师出生约于 1221年教宗国 拉齐奥 维泰博省 巴尼奥雷焦逝世7月15日 1274年 52 53歲 阿尔勒王国 里昂内省 里昂敬礼於罗马天主教英格蘭教會封圣1482 1482年4月14日由教宗西斯都五世於罗马瞻礼7月15日7月第二个主日 1482 1568 7月14日 1568 1969 象徵 英语 Saint symbolism 挂在灌木丛上的枢机主教帽 圣体盘 英语 Ciborium container 圣体圣事 穿着方济各会会衣的枢机 通常在读书或写字文德於1482年4月14被教宗西斯都四世尊奉為聖人 並於1588年被教宗西斯都五世列為教會聖師之一 文德因其完備的品德 被尊稱為 色勒芬天使博士 拉丁語 Doctor Seraphicus 和 方济各会第二會祖 許多署名為文德中世紀的作品 其實並非文德所寫 被以 偽文德文集 英语 Pseudo Bonaventura 為名收集起來 目录 1 生平 2 神學思想 3 藝術形象 4 以文德為名的地區 教堂 學校 5 作品 6 参考文献 7 扩展阅读 8 外部链接生平 编辑 聖文德 由 Claude Francois 所作 聖文德的牧徽 文德於1221年生在義大利維泰博省的巴尼奥雷焦 幼年時患重病 因聖方濟各的祈禱而痊癒 二十歲時入方濟各會 1243年至1248年在巴黎方濟各會學習 之後在巴黎大學教導神學與 聖經 1257年任方濟各會總會長 當時整個修會人數超過三萬 並且存在許多不同派別 文德注重學術運動 努力將神恩性的方濟運動導入正軌 1273年教宗國瑞十世命文德爲樞機 兼亞巴若總主教 1274年國瑞召開里昂大公會議 商討與希臘教會合一問題 文德是這次大公會議中最活躍 出力最多的人物 卻在會議進行中的7月15日患病逝世 1482年天主教將他榮列聖品 1588年晉封為教會聖師 天主教和英格蘭教會每年以7月15日作為他的紀念日 神學思想 编辑在小事上對神忠心 便是一件偉大 英勇的德行 修德真正的意義在於經常控制自己的意志 將一切思想 言語和行爲奉獻給神 讓神的恩典貫注我們全部生命 神恩 與 體制 信仰 與 知識 絕非彼此對立 而是相輔相成 神與人是不同的 人無法用理性認識神 只能用類推的方式不明確的認知 2 其神學作品有 心靈邁向天主的旅程 隆巴哲學思想注疏 基督的神貧論 純全的生活 自言 三條路 教父彼得郎巴德名言集注釋 聖經注釋 與 神學概要 等 3 其哲學思想很大程度上受到奧古斯丁影響 甚至可視為奧古斯丁主義者之一員 藝術形象 编辑 看書的聖文德 由魯本斯所作 c 1620 聖文德的祈禱 由Francisco de Zurbaran所作 c 1640 1650 文德迎接教宗欽使 由Francisco de Zurbaran所作 c 1640 1650 聖文德 由Francisco Herrera the Elder所作 1628 聖文德 由Vittorio Crivelli所作 1481 1502 阿尔巴诺總主教文德 由Tiberio d Assisi所作 1509 文德的葬禮 由Francisco de Zurbaran所作 1629 以文德為名的地區 教堂 學校 编辑加拿大魁北克省文德鎮 魁北克10號高速公路的蒙特婁段 文德高速公路 Place Bonaventure and the adjacent Bonaventure Metro Station in Montreal Quebec Bonaventure Island and the Bonaventure River in the Gaspe Peninsula Region of Quebec St Bonaventure s College a private Roman Catholic school in Newfoundland and Labrador Canada St Bonaventure s Catholic Comprehensive School in Forest Gate London England St Bonaventure Catholic School at Edwards Gardens Toronto Canada Mission San Buenaventura and the City of Ventura California officially named San Buenaventura United States St Bonaventure High School in Ventura California United States St Bonaventure University a Franciscan university in Allegany New York St Bonaventure Monastery a complex of religious buildings built for the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin located in Detroit Michigan Venerable Father Solanus Casey served here as the monastery porter from 1924 1946 meeting visitors at the friary door The site is a popular pilgrimage site for Metro Detroit Catholics The Municipality of Buenaventura on the Pacific Coast of Colombia The cities of San Benaventura in Chihuahua and San Buenaventura Coahuila in Mexico and State of San Benaventura Barangay San Buenaventura a village in San Pablo City Laguna Philippines Three small chapels can be found within the village in honour of Saint Bonaventura St Bonaventure s High School a school in Hyderabad Pakistan St Bonaventure s Church a 16th century Portuguese church is situated on the beach in Erangal near Mumbai The annual Erangal Feast held on second Sunday of January celebrating the Feast day of St Bonaventure attracts thousands of people of all faiths to this scenic spot The Birthday Of St Bonaventure is celebrated on the 15th of July every year St Bonaventure Parish Balangkayan Eastern Samar Philippines Bonaventure Hall in Sacred Heart Parish Catholic School in Patterson California USA Bonaventure Residence Hall in Viterbo University in La Crosse Wisconsin USA 台灣台北市文德女中 香港慈雲山聖文德書院 香港慈雲山聖文德天主教小学 香港聖方濟會聖文德天主教小學作品 编辑 Legenda maior 1477 Bonaventure Texts in Translation Series St Bonaventure NY Franciscan Institute Publications 15 volumes On the Reduction of the Arts to Theology Translation Introduction and Commentary by Zachary Hayes OFM vol 1 1996 Journey of the Soul into God Itinerarium Mentis in Deum translation and Introduction by Zachary Hayes OFM and Philotheus Boehner OFM vol 2 2002 ISBN 978 1 57659 044 7 Disputed Questions on the Mystery of the Trinity translated by Zachary Hayes vol 3 1979 ISBN 978 1 57659 045 4 Disputed Questions on the Knowledge of Christ translated by Zachary Hayes vol 4 1992 Writings Concerning the Franciscan Order translated by Dominic V Monti OFM vol 5 1994 Collations on the Ten Commandments translated by Paul Spaeth vol 6 1995 Commentary on Ecclesiastes translated by Campion Murray and Robert J Karris vol 7 2005 Commentary on the Gospel of Luke translated by Robert J Karris 3 vols vol 8 2001 4 Breviloquium translated by Dominic V Monti OFM vol 9 2005 Writings on the Spiritual Life includes translations of The Threefold Way On the Perfection of Life On Governing the Soul and The Soliloquium A Dialogue on the Four Spiritual Exercises the prologue to the Commentary on Book II of the Sentences of Peter Lombard and three short sermons On the Way of Life On Holy Saturday and On the Monday after Palm Sunday vol 10 2006 Commentary on the Gospel of John translated by Robert J Karris vol 11 2007 The Sunday sermons of St Bonaventure edited and translated by Timothy J Johnson vol 12 2008 Disputed questions on evangelical perfection edited and translated by Thomas Reist and Robert J Karris vol 13 2008 Collations on the seven gifts of the Holy Spirit introduced and translated by Zachary Hayes vol 14 2008 Defense of the mendicants translated by Jose de Vinck and Robert J Karris vol 15 2010 The Journey of the Mind into God Itinerarium mentis in Deum Indianapolis Hackett 1993 ISBN 978 0 8722 0200 9 On the Reduction of the Arts to Theology De Reductione Artium ad Theologiam translated by Zachary Hayes Saint Bonaventure NY Franciscan Institute 1996 ISBN 978 1 57659 043 0 Bringing forth Christ five feasts of the child Jesus translated by Eric Doyle Oxford SLG Press 1984 The soul s journey into God The tree of life The life of St Francis Ewert Cousins translator The Classics of Western Spirituality Mahwah New Jersey Paulist Press 1978 ISBN 0 8091 2121 2 The Mystical Vine a Treatise on the Passion of Our Lord translated by a friar of SSF London Mowbray 1955 Life of St Francis of Assisi TAN Books 2010 ISBN 978 0 89555 151 1参考文献 编辑 M Walsh 编 Butler s Lives of the Saints New York HarperCollins 1991 216 基督教兩千年史 淘理博士主編 海天書樓 291 293 簡明大英百科全書中文版3 台灣中華書局 265 扩展阅读 编辑Hammond Jay M Bonaventure St Marthaler Bernard L 编 New Catholic Encyclopedia Volume 2 2nd Detroit Thomson Gale in association with the Catholic University of America 2003 479 493 ISBN 0 7876 4006 9 Hammond Jay M Hellmann J A Wayne Goff Jared 编 A Companion to Bonaventure Brill s Companions to the Christian Tradition Boston Brill 2013 ISBN 978 90 04 26072 6 LaNave Gregory F Bonaventure in Paul L Gavrilyuk and Sarah Coakley eds The Spiritual Senses Perceiving God in Western Christianity Cambridge Cambridge University of Cambridge 2011 159 173 Quinn John Francis The Historical Constitution of St Bonaventure s Philosophy Toronto Pontificial Institute of Mediaeval Studies 1973 Tavard George Henry From Bonaventure to the Reformers Milwaukee Marquette University Press 2005 Marquette Studies in Theology ISBN 0 87462 695 1 ISBN 9780874626957 Tim Noone and R E Houser Saint Bonaventure Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy https plato stanford edu entries bonaventure 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 D J Dales Divine Remaking St Bonaventure amp the Gospel of Luke James Clarke amp Co Cambridge 2017 D J Dales Way back to God the Spiritual Theology of St Bonaventure James Clarke amp Co Cambridge 2019 外部链接 编辑维基文库中该作者的作品 Bonaventura Saint Bonaventure article by Tim Noone and R E Houser in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy St Bonaventure from the Franciscan Archive S Bonaventura Opera Omnia Peltiero Edente 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Latin original texts St Bonaventure Works at Franciscan Institute 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 7月15日 聖文德 st Bonaventura 天主教方濟會聖高讀經推廣中心網站 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 聖文德主教聖師生平 網上方濟會 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 聖文德 amp oldid 73584164, 维基百科,wiki,书籍,书籍,图书馆,

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