始小贝科 Eoconchariidae Hou & Shu, 1987 – ~10 leg-bearing segments, small head, sieve-like sclerites, varying in shape along body; curved claws on annulated legs; terminal mouth and anus.
微网虫属 Microdictyon Bengtson et al.
Quadratapora Hao and Shu, 1987
Fusuconcharium Hao and Shu, 1987
怪诞虫科 Hallucigeniidae Conway Morris, 1977 – ~10 leg-bearing segments; large sclerites covering head; sclerites on each segment are long spines.
怪诞虫属 Hallucigenia Conway Morris 1977 – from the Chengjiang, Kaili and Burgess Shale.[8]
心网虫科 Cardiodictyidae Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 – many segments (~23); large sclerites cover head; hexagonal sclerite on each body segment.
心网虫属 Cardiodictyon Hou et al. 1991 – known from the Chengjiang.[8]
等有爪目 Paronychophora
等有爪目 Paronychophora Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 – short, downwards facing head; papillae on body and legs, some arranged in rows; shield-like sclerites on head; dorsal armature of spines;[9]claw-like jaws; annulated legs [Note: diagnosis modified in [6]].
Orstenotubulus Maas et al. 2007 – from the Furongian Orsten deposits – with retractable dorsal spines.[10]
Carbotubulus Haug et al. 2012[11]– from the Mazon creek. Dorwal armature uncertain. Few segments, long limbs.
Mureropodia[12]from the Stage 2 Murero lagerstatten, Spain.
'门' 有爪动物门
Onychophora are distinguished by their terrestrial habit, their ventral mouth; their antennae, jaws and oral papillae; they seem to be most closely related to the Paronychophora. Their first fossils are Carboniferous (Helenodora), although they may have had a cryptic earlier history.
參考文獻
^Dzik, J.; Krumbiegel, G. N. The oldest 'onychophoran' Xenusion: A link connecting phyla?. Lethaia. 1989, 22 (2): 169–181. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.1989.tb01679.x.
^ 2.02.1Hou, X.; Bergström, J. A. N. Cambrian lobopodians-ancestors of extant onychophorans?. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 1995, 114: 3–19. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1995.tb00110.x.
^ 3.03.13.2Jianni Liu Degan Shu, Jian Han, Zhifei Zhang & Xingliang Zhang. A large xenusiid lobopod with complex appendages from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 2006, 51 (2): 215–222 [2020-04-27]. （原始内容 (PDF)于2017-08-09）.
^ 5.05.1George Poinar, Jr. Fossil onychophorans from Dominican and Baltic amber: Tertiapatus dominicanus n.g., n.sp. (Tertiapatidae n.fam.) and Succinipatopsis balticus n.g., n.sp. (Succinipatopsidae n.fam.) with a proposed classification of the subphylum Onychophora. Invertebrate Biology. 2000, 119 (1): 104–109. JSTOR 3227105. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7410.2000.tb00178.x.
^ 6.06.16.2Ma, X.; Hou, X.; Bergström, J. Morphology of Luolishania longicruris (Lower Cambrian, Chengjiang Lagerstätte, SW China) and the phylogenetic relationships within lobopodians. Arthropod Structure & Development. 2009, 38 (4): 271–291. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2009.03.001.
^Xian-Guang Hou, Xiao-Ya Ma, Jie Zhao & Jan Bergström; Ma; Zhao; Bergström. The lobopodian Paucipodia inermis from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang fauna, Yunnan, China. Lethaia. 2004, 37 (3): 235–244. doi:10.1080/00241160410006555.
^ 8.08.1Whittle, R. J.; Gabbott, S. E.; Aldridge, R. J.; Theron, J. An Ordovician Lobopodian from the Soom Shale Lagerstätte, South Africa. Palaeontology. May 2009, 52 (3): 561–567. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2009.00860.x.
^Liu, J.; Shu, D.; Han, J.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, X. The Lobopod Onychodictyon from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte Revisited. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 2008, 53 (2): 285–292. doi:10.4202/app.2008.0209.
^Maas, A.; Mayer, G.; Kristensen, R. M.; Waloszek, D. A Cambrian micro-lobopodian and the evolution of arthropod locomotion and reproduction. Chinese Science Bulletin. 2007, 52 (24): 3385–3392. doi:10.1007/s11434-007-0515-3.
^Haug, J. T.; Mayer, G.; Haug, C.; Briggs, D. E. G. A Carboniferous Non-Onychophoran Lobopodian Reveals Long-Term Survival of a Cambrian Morphotype. Current Biology. 2012, 22 (18): 1673–1675. PMID 22885062. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.06.066.
^Gámez Vintaned, J. A.; Liñán, E.; Zhuravlev, A. A New Early Cambrian Lobopod-Bearing Animal (Murero, Spain) and the Problem of the Ecdysozoan Early Diversification. Evolutionary Biology – Concepts, Biodiversity, Macroevolution and Genome Evolution. 29 June 2011: 193–219. ISBN 978-3-642-20762-4. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-20763-1_12.
六月 29, 2023
異蟲綱, 此條目需要編修, 以確保文法, 用詞, 语气, 格式, 標點等使用恰当, 2020年5月7日, 請按照校對指引, 幫助编辑這個條目, 幫助, 討論, 异虫纲, 学名, xenusia, 是一類生存在古生代海洋中的已滅絕動物, 是叶足动物的代表演化支, 可能包括有爪动物的祖先, 模式属是异虫属, xenusion, 它们具有相对较大的环状圆柱形的身体, 它们的叶足基部有结节, 有些附肢较大, 这些埋藏的化石生物資訊能够做为其代表, 它们的口器在躯体末端或接近末端, 它们曾经生活在全球各地的海洋中, 它们可能. 此條目需要編修 以確保文法 用詞 语气 格式 標點等使用恰当 2020年5月7日 請按照校對指引 幫助编辑這個條目 幫助 討論 异虫纲 学名 Xenusia 是一類生存在古生代海洋中的已滅絕動物 是叶足动物的代表演化支 可能包括有爪动物的祖先 2 模式属是异虫属 Xenusion 3 它们具有相对较大的环状圆柱形的身体 它们的叶足基部有结节 有些附肢较大 3 这些埋藏的化石生物資訊能够做为其代表 4 它们的口器在躯体末端或接近末端 它们曾经生活在全球各地的海洋中 5 它们可能是一个並系群 而不是单系群 异虫纲 化石时期 寒武纪第三期 早石炭世 PreYe Ye O S D C P T J K Pg N广卫怪诞虫 Hallucigenia hongmeia科学分类界 动物界 Animalia亚界 真後生動物亞界 Eumetazoa演化支 副同源异形基因动物 ParaHoxozoa演化支 两侧对称动物 Bilateria演化支 腎管動物 Nephrozoa演化支 原口动物 Protostomia总门 蜕皮动物总门 Ecdysozoa演化支 泛节肢动物 Panarthropoda并系群 葉足動物 Lobopodia纲 異蟲綱 Xenusia Dzik amp Krumbiegel 1989 1 下属分类见内文 目录 1 分类 1 1 始有爪目 Archonychophora 1 2 原有爪目 Protonychophora 1 3 坚有爪目 Scleronychophora 1 4 等有爪目 Paronychophora 1 5 Order unassigned 1 6 门 有爪动物门 2 參考文獻分类 编辑异虫纲包括以下目和科 5 始有爪目 Archonychophora 编辑 始有爪目 Archonychophora Hou amp Bergstrom 1995 2 undifferentiated appendages each segment the same as each other 6 啰哩山虫科 Luolishaniidae Hou amp Bergstrom 1995 three small rounded sclerites per segment these are thorn shaped spines 6 啰哩山虫属 Luolishania Hou amp Chen 1989 神奇啰哩山虫属 Miraluolishania Liu amp Shu 2004 贫腿虫科 Paucipodiidae Hou et al 2004 7 with no dorsal sclerites two claws fine annulation and few segments 贫腿虫属 Paucipodia Hou et al 2004These taxa are only known from the Chengjiang Cambrian Stage 2 Series 3 原有爪目 Protonychophora 编辑 原有爪目 Protonychophora Hutchinson 1930 spiny legs reduced tail 埃谢栉蚕科 Aysheaiidae Walcott 1911 many claws on each leg Anterior grasping appendages with long spines 埃谢栉蚕属 Aysheaia Walcott 1911 异虫科 Xenusiidae Dzik amp Krumbiegel 1989 gt 20 leg bearing segments paired rounded sclerites on each segment spiny legs 异虫属 Xenusion Pompeckj 1927 尖山叶足虫属 Jianshanopodia Liu et al 3 from Chengjiang two rows of tubercles but no obvious sclerites Hadranax Budd amp Peel 1998 from the Sirius Passet Lacks obvious dorsal armature but bears four nodes per row 坚有爪目 Scleronychophora 编辑 坚有爪目 Scleronychophora Hou amp Bergstrom 1995 paired sclerites elongated head sclerites 始小贝科 Eoconchariidae Hou amp Shu 1987 10 leg bearing segments small head sieve like sclerites varying in shape along body curved claws on annulated legs terminal mouth and anus 微网虫属 Microdictyon Bengtson et al Quadratapora Hao and Shu 1987 Fusuconcharium Hao and Shu 1987 怪诞虫科 Hallucigeniidae Conway Morris 1977 10 leg bearing segments large sclerites covering head sclerites on each segment are long spines 怪诞虫属 Hallucigenia Conway Morris 1977 from the Chengjiang Kaili and Burgess Shale 8 心网虫科 Cardiodictyidae Hou amp Bergstrom 1995 many segments 23 large sclerites cover head hexagonal sclerite on each body segment 心网虫属 Cardiodictyon Hou et al 1991 known from the Chengjiang 8 等有爪目 Paronychophora 编辑 等有爪目 Paronychophora Hou amp Bergstrom 1995 short downwards facing head papillae on body and legs some arranged in rows shield like sclerites on head dorsal armature of spines 9 claw like jaws annulated legs Note diagnosis modified in 6 爪网虫科 Onychodictyidae Hou amp Bergstrom 1995 爪网虫属 Onychodictyon Hou et al 1991Order unassigned 编辑 Orstenotubulus Maas et al 2007 from the Furongian Orsten deposits with retractable dorsal spines 10 Carbotubulus Haug et al 2012 11 from the Mazon creek Dorwal armature uncertain Few segments long limbs Mureropodia 12 from the Stage 2 Murero lagerstatten Spain 门 有爪动物门 编辑 Onychophora are distinguished by their terrestrial habit their ventral mouth their antennae jaws and oral papillae they seem to be most closely related to the Paronychophora Their first fossils are Carboniferous Helenodora although they may have had a cryptic earlier history 參考文獻 编辑 Dzik J Krumbiegel G N The oldest onychophoran Xenusion A link connecting phyla Lethaia 1989 22 2 169 181 doi 10 1111 j 1502 3931 1989 tb01679 x 2 0 2 1 Hou X Bergstrom J A N Cambrian lobopodians ancestors of extant onychophorans Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 1995 114 3 19 doi 10 1111 j 1096 3642 1995 tb00110 x 3 0 3 1 3 2 Jianni Liu Degan Shu Jian Han Zhifei Zhang amp Xingliang Zhang A large xenusiid lobopod with complex appendages from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstatte PDF Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 2006 51 2 215 222 2020 04 27 原始内容存档 PDF 于2017 08 09 Julian Monge Najera amp Xianguang Hou Hou Experimental taphonomy of velvet worms Onychophora and implications for the Cambrian explosion disparity and decimation model PDF Revista de Biologia Tropical 2002 50 3 4 1133 1138 PMID 12947596 原始内容 PDF 存档于June 29 2011 5 0 5 1 George Poinar Jr Fossil onychophorans from Dominican and Baltic amber Tertiapatus dominicanus n g n sp Tertiapatidae n fam and Succinipatopsis balticus n g n sp Succinipatopsidae n fam with a proposed classification of the subphylum Onychophora Invertebrate Biology 2000 119 1 104 109 JSTOR 3227105 doi 10 1111 j 1744 7410 2000 tb00178 x 6 0 6 1 6 2 Ma X Hou X Bergstrom J Morphology of Luolishania longicruris Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstatte SW China and the phylogenetic relationships within lobopodians Arthropod Structure amp Development 2009 38 4 271 291 doi 10 1016 j asd 2009 03 001 Xian Guang Hou Xiao Ya Ma Jie Zhao amp Jan Bergstrom Ma Zhao Bergstrom The lobopodian Paucipodia inermis from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang fauna Yunnan China Lethaia 2004 37 3 235 244 doi 10 1080 00241160410006555 8 0 8 1 Whittle R J Gabbott S E Aldridge R J Theron J An Ordovician Lobopodian from the Soom Shale Lagerstatte South Africa Palaeontology May 2009 52 3 561 567 doi 10 1111 j 1475 4983 2009 00860 x Liu J Shu D Han J Zhang Z Zhang X The Lobopod Onychodictyon from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstatte Revisited Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 2008 53 2 285 292 doi 10 4202 app 2008 0209 Maas A Mayer G Kristensen R M Waloszek D A Cambrian micro lobopodian and the evolution of arthropod locomotion and reproduction Chinese Science Bulletin 2007 52 24 3385 3392 doi 10 1007 s11434 007 0515 3 Haug J T Mayer G Haug C Briggs D E G A Carboniferous Non Onychophoran Lobopodian Reveals Long Term Survival of a Cambrian Morphotype Current Biology 2012 22 18 1673 1675 PMID 22885062 doi 10 1016 j cub 2012 06 066 Gamez Vintaned J A Linan E Zhuravlev A A New Early Cambrian Lobopod Bearing Animal Murero Spain and the Problem of the Ecdysozoan Early Diversification Evolutionary Biology Concepts Biodiversity Macroevolution and Genome Evolution 29 June 2011 193 219 ISBN 978 3 642 20762 4 doi 10 1007 978 3 642 20763 1 12 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 異蟲綱 amp oldid 76715841, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，
