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维基百科

左旋甲基苯丙胺


左旋甲基苯丙胺 (levomethamphetamine)[note 1]又稱左旋甲基安非他命,是右旋甲基苯丙胺旋光異構體左旋甲基苯丙胺擬交感神經血管收縮劑,是一些非处方(OTC) 鼻腔去阻塞吸入劑英语nasal decongestant的活性成分[note 2]

左旋甲基苯丙胺
臨床資料
给药途径醫用 :吸入(鼻腔)
娛樂用 :口服 靜脈注射, insufflation,吸入 栓劑
法律規範狀態
法律規範
  • : Schedule I
  • : Anlage II
  • : Class A
  • : Schedule II英语Controlled Substances Act#Schedule II drugs;特定配方為OTC
  • UN: Psychotropic Schedule II
藥物動力學數據
药物代谢肝臟
排泄途徑
识别信息
CAS号33817-09-3  
PubChem CID
  • 36604
ChemSpider
  • 33634 
UNII
  • 44RAL3456C
KEGG
  • D02291 
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID30187474
ECHA InfoCard100.046.974
化学信息
化学式C10H15N
摩尔质量149.2
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
  • 交互式图像

藥理學特性

左旋甲基苯丙胺可穿越血腦屏障並作為TAAR1激動劑英语TAAR1 agonist[3],也作為去甲腎上腺素釋放劑英语norepinephrine releasing agent (對多巴胺系統較無影響[4])。它跟右旋甲基苯丙胺一樣影響中樞神經系統,但作用方式不同[5]。不同於右旋甲基苯丙胺,它在低劑量沒有造成欣快成瘾的特性[5][6][4]。在他的幾項生理作用中,血管收縮作用使其可用於去鼻腔阻塞噴劑[7]

左旋甲基苯丙胺的半衰期約為13.3至15小時,右旋甲基苯丙胺則為10.5小時[8]

參見

注释

  1. ^ 其他名字包含l-methamphetamine, levodesoxyephedrine, l-desoxyephedrine, levmetamfetamine (INN and USAN英语United States Adopted Name).
  2. ^ The active ingredient in some OTC inhalers in the United States is listed as levmetamfetamine, the INN and USAN英语United States Adopted Name of levomethamphetamine.[1][2]

參考資料

  1. ^ CFR TITLE 21: DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE: PART 341 -- COLD, COUGH, ALLERGY, BRONCHODILATOR, AND ANTIASTHMATIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE. United States Food and Drug Administration. April 2015 [7 March 2016]. (原始内容于2019-12-25). Topical nasal decongestants --(i) For products containing levmetamfetamine identified in 341.20(b)(1) when used in an inhalant dosage form. The product delivers in each 800 milliliters of air 0.04 to 0.150 milligrams of levmetamfetamine. 
  2. ^ Levomethamphetamine. Pubchem Compound. National Center for Biotechnology Information. [2 January 2014]. (原始内容于2014-10-06). 
  3. ^ Levmetamfetamine. PubChem Compound. NCBI. [17 October 2014]. (原始内容于2014-10-18). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Kuczenski, R; Segal, DS; Cho, AK; Melega, W. Hippocampus norepinephrine, caudate dopamine and serotonin, and behavioral responses to the stereoisomers of amphetamine and methamphetamine. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. February 1995, 15 (2): 1308–17. PMID 7869099. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Melega, WP; Cho, AK; Schmitz, D; Kuczenski, R; Segal, DS. l-methamphetamine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics for assessment of in vivo deprenyl-derived l-methamphetamine. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. February 1999, 288 (2): 752–8. PMID 9918585. 
  6. ^ Mendelson J, Uemura N, Harris D, Nath RP, Fernandez E, Jacob P, Everhart ET, Jones RT. Human pharmacology of the methamphetamine stereoisomers. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. October 2006, 80 (4): 403–20. PMID 17015058. doi:10.1016/j.clpt.2006.06.013. 
  7. ^ {{cite web | author=Pray SW | title=Nonprescription Products to Avoid With Hypertension | work=uspharmacist.com | accessdate=17 October 2014 | url=http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/d/consult_your_pharmacist/c/19370/ (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) | quote=Topical Nasal Decongestants
  8. ^ Mendelson J, Uemura N, Harris D, et al. Human pharmacology of the methamphetamine stereoisomers. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. October 2006, 80 (4): 403–20. PMID 17015058. doi:10.1016/j.clpt.2006.06.013. 

左旋甲基苯丙胺, levomethamphetamine, note, 又稱左旋甲基安非他命, 是右旋甲基苯丙胺的旋光異構體, 是擬交感神經血管收縮劑, 是一些非处方, 鼻腔去阻塞吸入劑, 英语, nasal, decongestant, 的活性成分, note, 臨床資料给药途径醫用, 吸入, 鼻腔, 娛樂用, 口服, 靜脈注射, insufflation, 吸入, 栓劑法律規範狀態法律規範加, schedule, anlage, class, schedule, 英语, controlled, substanc. 左旋甲基苯丙胺 levomethamphetamine note 1 又稱左旋甲基安非他命 是右旋甲基苯丙胺的旋光異構體 左旋甲基苯丙胺是擬交感神經血管收縮劑 是一些非处方 OTC 鼻腔去阻塞吸入劑 英语 nasal decongestant 的活性成分 note 2 左旋甲基苯丙胺臨床資料给药途径醫用 吸入 鼻腔 娛樂用 口服 靜脈注射 insufflation 吸入 栓劑法律規範狀態法律規範加 Schedule I 德 Anlage II 英 Class A 美 Schedule II 英语 Controlled Substances Act Schedule II drugs 特定配方為OTC UN Psychotropic Schedule II藥物動力學數據药物代谢肝臟排泄途徑腎识别信息IUPAC命名法 R N methyl 1 phenyl propan 2 amineCAS号33817 09 3 PubChem CID36604ChemSpider33634 UNII44RAL3456CKEGGD02291 CompTox Dashboard 英语 CompTox Chemicals Dashboard EPA DTXSID30187474ECHA InfoCard100 046 974化学信息化学式C 10H 15N摩尔质量149 23D模型 JSmol 英语 JSmol 交互式图像SMILES N C H Cc1ccccc1 C CInChI InChI 1S C10H15N c1 9 11 2 8 10 6 4 3 5 7 10 h3 7 9 11H 8H2 1 2H3 t9 m1 s1 Key MYWUZJCMWCOHBA SECBINFHSA N 维基百科中的醫學内容仅供参考 並不能視作專業意見 如需獲取醫療幫助或意見 请咨询专业人士 詳見醫學聲明 目录 1 藥理學特性 2 參見 3 注释 4 參考資料藥理學特性 编辑左旋甲基苯丙胺可穿越血腦屏障並作為TAAR1激動劑 英语 TAAR1 agonist 3 也作為去甲腎上腺素釋放劑 英语 norepinephrine releasing agent 對多巴胺系統較無影響 4 它跟右旋甲基苯丙胺一樣影響中樞神經系統 但作用方式不同 5 不同於右旋甲基苯丙胺 它在低劑量沒有造成欣快或成瘾的特性 5 6 4 在他的幾項生理作用中 血管收縮作用使其可用於去鼻腔阻塞噴劑 7 左旋甲基苯丙胺的半衰期約為13 3至15小時 右旋甲基苯丙胺則為10 5小時 8 參見 编辑苯丙胺 甲基苯丙胺 右旋甲基苯丙胺注释 编辑 其他名字包含l methamphetamine levodesoxyephedrine l desoxyephedrine levmetamfetamine INN and USAN 英语 United States Adopted Name The active ingredient in some OTC inhalers in the United States is listed as levmetamfetamine the INN and USAN 英语 United States Adopted Name of levomethamphetamine 1 2 參考資料 编辑 CFR TITLE 21 DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE PART 341 COLD COUGH ALLERGY BRONCHODILATOR AND ANTIASTHMATIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER THE COUNTER HUMAN USE United States Food and Drug Administration April 2015 7 March 2016 原始内容存档于2019 12 25 Topical nasal decongestants i For products containing levmetamfetamine identified in 341 20 b 1 when used in an inhalant dosage form The product delivers in each 800 milliliters of air 0 04 to 0 150 milligrams of levmetamfetamine Levomethamphetamine Pubchem Compound National Center for Biotechnology Information 2 January 2014 原始内容存档于2014 10 06 Levmetamfetamine PubChem Compound NCBI 17 October 2014 原始内容存档于2014 10 18 4 0 4 1 Kuczenski R Segal DS Cho AK Melega W Hippocampus norepinephrine caudate dopamine and serotonin and behavioral responses to the stereoisomers of amphetamine and methamphetamine The Journal of neuroscience the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience February 1995 15 2 1308 17 PMID 7869099 5 0 5 1 Melega WP Cho AK Schmitz D Kuczenski R Segal DS l methamphetamine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics for assessment of in vivo deprenyl derived l methamphetamine The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics February 1999 288 2 752 8 PMID 9918585 Mendelson J Uemura N Harris D Nath RP Fernandez E Jacob P Everhart ET Jones RT Human pharmacology of the methamphetamine stereoisomers Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics October 2006 80 4 403 20 PMID 17015058 doi 10 1016 j clpt 2006 06 013 cite web author Pray SW title Nonprescription Products to Avoid With Hypertension work uspharmacist com accessdate 17 October 2014 url http www uspharmacist com content d consult your pharmacist c 19370 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 quote Topical Nasal Decongestants Mendelson J Uemura N Harris D et al Human pharmacology of the methamphetamine stereoisomers Clin Pharmacol Ther October 2006 80 4 403 20 PMID 17015058 doi 10 1016 j clpt 2006 06 013 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 左旋甲基苯丙胺 amp oldid 71262898, 维基百科,wiki,书籍,书籍,图书馆,

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