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维基百科

催眠

一月 11, 2023

维基百科中的醫學内容仅供参考，並不能視作專業意見。如需獲取醫療幫助或意見，请咨询专业人士。詳見醫學聲明。

催眠（英語：Hypnosis）是一種人類的身心狀態，涉及注意力集中（選擇性注意/選擇性注意力不集中假設，英語：selective attention/selective inattention hypothesis，縮寫作 SASI）[1]，外圍意識（英語：peripheral awareness）降低，以及對心理暗示（英語：Suggestion）的反應能力增強。[2]

有解釋催眠和相關現象的多種理論。改變狀態（英語：Altered state）理論將催眠視為一種改變的心智或恍惚狀態（英語：Trance），以不同於普通意識狀態的意識水平為標誌。[3][4] 相比之下，非狀態（英語：non-state）理論將催眠視為一種安慰劑效應[5][6]，重新定義與治療者的互動[7]或一種富有想像力的角色扮演形式。[8][9][10]

在催眠期間，據說一個人的注意力與專注力被提升[11]，並對心理暗示的反應增加。[12] 催眠通常以催眠誘導（英語：Hypnotic induction）開始，包括一系列初步的指示和心理暗示。將催眠用於治療目的被稱為“催眠療法”，而將其用作觀眾的一種娛樂形式被稱為“舞台催眠”（英語：Stage hypnosis），這是一種心靈魔術（英語：Mentalism）。

用於疼痛管理的催眠“可能會減少大多數人的急性和慢性疼痛”。[13] 以催眠為基礎的治療大腸激躁症和更年期的療法得到了（科學）證據的支持。[14][15][16][17] 使用催眠治療其他問題產生了不同的結果，例如戒菸。[18][19][20] 使用催眠作為一種治療形式來恢復和整合幼年創傷在科學主流中存在爭議。研究表明，對個人進行催眠可能有助於形成錯誤記憶[21]，且催眠“並不能幫助人們更準確地回憶事件”。[22]

參見

注釋與引用來源

  1. ^ Hall, Harriet. Hypnosis revisited. Skeptical Inquirer. 2021, 45 (2): 17–19. 
  2. ^ In 2015, the American Psychological Association Division 30 defined hypnosis as a "state of consciousness involving focused attention and reduced peripheral awareness characterized by an enhanced capacity for response to suggestion". For critical commentary on this definition, see: Lynn SJ, Green JP, Kirsch I, Capafons A, Lilienfeld SO, Laurence JR, Montgomery GH. Grounding Hypnosis in Science: The "New" APA Division 30 Definition of Hypnosis as a Step Backward. The American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis. April 2015, 57 (4): 390–401. PMID 25928778. S2CID 10797114. doi:10.1080/00029157.2015.1011472. 
  3. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica, 2004: "a special psychological state with certain physiological attributes, resembling sleep only superficially and marked by a functioning of the individual at a level of awareness other than the ordinary conscious state".
  4. ^ Erika Fromm; Ronald E. Shor. . Rutgers. 2009 [27 September 2014]. ISBN 978-0-202-36262-5. （原始内容存档于2021-12-22）. 
  5. ^ Kirsch I. Clinical hypnosis as a nondeceptive placebo: empirically derived techniques. The American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis. October 1994, 37 (2): 95–106. PMID 7992808. doi:10.1080/00029157.1994.10403122. 
  6. ^ Kirsch, I., "Clinical Hypnosis as a Nondeceptive Placebo", pp. 211–25 in Kirsch, I., Capafons, A., Cardeña-Buelna, E., Amigó, S. (eds.), Clinical Hypnosis and Self-Regulation: Cognitive-Behavioral Perspectives, American Psychological Association, (Washington), 1999 ISBN 1-55798-535-9
  7. ^ Theodore X. Barber. Hypnosis: A Scientific Approach. J. Aronson, 1995. 1969. ISBN 978-1-56821-740-6. 
  8. ^ Lynn S, Fassler O, Knox J. Hypnosis and the altered state debate: something more or nothing more?. Contemporary Hypnosis. 2005, 22: 39–45. doi:10.1002/ch.21. 
  9. ^ Coe WC, Buckner LG, Howard ML, Kobayashi K. Hypnosis as role enactment: focus on a role specific skill. The American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis. July 1972, 15 (1): 41–45. PMID 4679790. doi:10.1080/00029157.1972.10402209. 
  10. ^ Steven J. Lynn; Judith W. Rhue. . Guilford Press. 1991 [30 October 2011]. ISBN 978-0-89862-343-7. （原始内容存档于2013-10-13）. 
  11. ^ = Segi, Sherril. Hypnosis for pain management, anxiety and behavioral disorders. The Clinical Advisor: For Nurse Practitioners. 2012, 15 (3): 80. ISSN 1524-7317. 
  12. ^ Lyda, Alex. "Hypnosis Gaining Ground in Medicine." Columbia News （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Columbia.edu. Retrieved on 1 October 2011.
  13. ^ . www.apa.org. [2021-12-22]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-25）. 
  14. ^ Peters, S. L.; Yao, C. K.; Philpott, H.; Yelland, G. W.; Muir, J. G.; Gibson, P. R. . Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 2016, 44 (5): 447–459 [2021-12-22]. ISSN 1365-2036. PMID 27397586. S2CID 42525698. doi:10.1111/apt.13706. （原始内容存档于2021-12-22） （英语）. 
  15. ^ Lacy, Brian E.; Pimentel, Mark; Brenner, Darren M.; Chey, William D.; Keefer, Laurie A.; Long, Millie D.; Moshiree, Baha. ACG Clinical Guideline: Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. American Journal of Gastroenterology. January 2021, 116 (1): 17–44. ISSN 0002-9270. PMID 33315591. doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000001036   （美国英语）. 
  16. ^ Elkins, Gary R.; Fisher, William I.; Johnson, Aimee K.; Carpenter, Janet S.; Keith, Timothy Z. Clinical Hypnosis in the Treatment of Post-Menopausal Hot Flashes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Menopause. March 2013, 20 (3): 291–298. ISSN 1072-3714. PMC 3556367  . PMID 23435026. doi:10.1097/GME.0b013e31826ce3ed. 
  17. ^ . Menopause. November 2015, 22 (11): 1155–1172; quiz 1173–1174 [2021-12-22]. ISSN 1530-0374. PMID 26382310. S2CID 14841660. doi:10.1097/GME.0000000000000546. （原始内容存档于2021-03-22）. 
  18. ^ Hasan, Faysal M.; Zagarins, Sofija E.; Pischke, Karen M.; Saiyed, Shamila; Bettencourt, Ann Marie; Beal, Laura; Macys, Diane; Aurora, Sanjay; McCleary, Nancy. . Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2014, 22 (1): 1–8 [2021-12-22]. PMID 24559809. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2013.12.012. （原始内容存档于2021-12-22） （英语）. 
  19. ^ Carmody, T. P.; Duncan, C.; Simon, J. A.; Solkowitz, S.; Huggins, J.; Lee, S.; Delucchi, K. . Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 2008, 10 (5): 811–818 [2021-12-22]. PMID 18569754. doi:10.1080/14622200802023833. （原始内容存档于2022-03-03） （英语）. 
  20. ^ Barnes, Joanne; McRobbie, Hayden; Dong, Christine Y; Walker, Natalie; Hartmann-Boyce, Jamie. Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group , 编. Hypnotherapy for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2019-06-14, 2019 (6): CD001008. PMC 6568235  . PMID 31198991. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001008.pub3 （英语）. 
  21. ^ Lynn, Steven Jay; Krackow, Elisa; Loftus, Elizabeth F.; Locke, Timothy G.; Lilienfeld, Scott O. Constructing the past: problematic memory recovery techniques in psychotherapy. Lilienfeld, Scott O.; Lynn, Steven Jay; Lohr, Jeffrey M. (编). Science and pseudoscience in clinical psychology 2nd. New York: Guilford Press. 2014: 245–275. ISBN 9781462517510. OCLC 890851087. 
  22. ^ Hall, Celia. . Telegraph. 26 August 2001 [11 March 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-03-31）. 

其他参考

  • Hypnotherapy, by Dave Elman. (1964).
  • Hypnosis for the Seriously Curious, by Kenneth Bowers. NY: W. W. Norton (1993).
  • Hypnosis and Suggestion in the Treatment of Pain: A Clinical Guide, by Joseph Barber. NY: Norton (1996).
  • Mind control, Research by G. Wagstaff, Dept. of Psychology, University of Liverpool
  • Hypnosis, Compliance and Belief by G. Wagstaff, (1981).
  • The Highly Hypnotizable Person, Michael Heap, Richard J. Brown & David A. Oakley, (2004), Routledge
  • Better and Better Every Day, Emile Coue, (1960).
  • Uncommon Therapy, Jay Haley（about the psychotherapeutic intervention techniques of Milton Erickson）
  • Advanced Self Hypnosis, Melvin Powers, Thorsons Publishers, 1973, ISBN 0-7225-0058-0
  • Molly Moon's Incredible Book of Hypnotism, Georgia Byng
  • Open to suggestion. The uses and abuses of hypnosis. Robert Temple, 1989, ISBN 1-85030-710-4
  • Hypnosis With Friends and Lovers Freda Morris, 1979, ISBN 0-06-250600-5
  • Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis William S. Kroger, M.D., 1977, ISBN 0-397-50377-6
  • EBooks: , by Pradeep Aggarwal（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.

一月 11, 2023
催眠, 此條目需要精通或熟悉相关主题的编者参与及协助编辑, 請邀請適合的人士改善本条目, 更多的細節與詳情請參见討論頁, 维基百科中的醫學内容仅供参考, 並不能視作專業意見, 如需獲取醫療幫助或意見, 请咨询专业人士, 詳見醫學聲明, 英語, hypnosis, 是一種人類的身心狀態, 涉及注意力集中, 選擇性注意, 選擇性注意力不集中假設, 英語, selective, attention, selective, inattention, hypothesis, 縮寫作, sasi, 外圍意識, 英語, peri. 此條目需要精通或熟悉相关主题的编者参与及协助编辑 請邀請適合的人士改善本条目 更多的細節與詳情請參见討論頁 维基百科中的醫學内容仅供参考 並不能視作專業意見 如需獲取醫療幫助或意見 请咨询专业人士 詳見醫學聲明 催眠 英語 Hypnosis 是一種人類的身心狀態 涉及注意力集中 選擇性注意 選擇性注意力不集中假設 英語 selective attention selective inattention hypothesis 縮寫作 SASI 1 外圍意識 英語 peripheral awareness 降低 以及對心理暗示 英語 Suggestion 的反應能力增強 2 有解釋催眠和相關現象的多種理論 改變狀態 英語 Altered state 理論將催眠視為一種改變的心智或恍惚狀態 英語 Trance 以不同於普通意識狀態的意識水平為標誌 3 4 相比之下 非狀態 英語 non state 理論將催眠視為一種安慰劑效應 5 6 重新定義與治療者的互動 7 或一種富有想像力的角色扮演形式 8 9 10 在催眠期間 據說一個人的注意力與專注力被提升 11 並對心理暗示的反應增加 12 催眠通常以催眠誘導 英語 Hypnotic induction 開始 包括一系列初步的指示和心理暗示 將催眠用於治療目的被稱為 催眠療法 而將其用作觀眾的一種娛樂形式被稱為 舞台催眠 英語 Stage hypnosis 這是一種心靈魔術 英語 Mentalism 用於疼痛管理的催眠 可能會減少大多數人的急性和慢性疼痛 13 以催眠為基礎的治療大腸激躁症和更年期的療法得到了 科學 證據的支持 14 15 16 17 使用催眠治療其他問題產生了不同的結果 例如戒菸 18 19 20 使用催眠作為一種治療形式來恢復和整合幼年創傷在科學主流中存在爭議 研究表明 對個人進行催眠可能有助於形成錯誤記憶 21 且催眠 並不能幫助人們更準確地回憶事件 22 參見 编辑意识 潜意识注釋與引用來源 编辑 Hall Harriet Hypnosis revisited Skeptical Inquirer 2021 45 2 17 19 In 2015 the American Psychological Association Division 30 defined hypnosis as a state of consciousness involving focused attention and reduced peripheral awareness characterized by an enhanced capacity for response to suggestion For critical commentary on this definition see Lynn SJ Green JP Kirsch I Capafons A Lilienfeld SO Laurence JR Montgomery GH Grounding Hypnosis in Science The New APA Division 30 Definition of Hypnosis as a Step Backward The American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis April 2015 57 4 390 401 PMID 25928778 S2CID 10797114 doi 10 1080 00029157 2015 1011472 Encyclopaedia Britannica 2004 a special psychological state with certain physiological attributes resembling sleep only superficially and marked by a functioning of the individual at a level of awareness other than the ordinary conscious state Erika Fromm Ronald E Shor Hypnosis Developments in Research and New Perspectives Rutgers 2009 27 September 2014 ISBN 978 0 202 36262 5 原始内容存档于2021 12 22 Kirsch I Clinical hypnosis as a nondeceptive placebo empirically derived techniques The American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis October 1994 37 2 95 106 PMID 7992808 doi 10 1080 00029157 1994 10403122 Kirsch I Clinical Hypnosis as a Nondeceptive Placebo pp 211 25 in Kirsch I Capafons A Cardena Buelna E Amigo S eds Clinical Hypnosis and Self Regulation Cognitive Behavioral Perspectives American Psychological Association Washington 1999 ISBN 1 55798 535 9 Theodore X Barber Hypnosis A Scientific Approach J Aronson 1995 1969 ISBN 978 1 56821 740 6 Lynn S Fassler O Knox J Hypnosis and the altered state debate something more or nothing more Contemporary Hypnosis 2005 22 39 45 doi 10 1002 ch 21 Coe WC Buckner LG Howard ML Kobayashi K Hypnosis as role enactment focus on a role specific skill The American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis July 1972 15 1 41 45 PMID 4679790 doi 10 1080 00029157 1972 10402209 Steven J Lynn Judith W Rhue Theories of hypnosis current models and perspectives Guilford Press 1991 30 October 2011 ISBN 978 0 89862 343 7 原始内容存档于2013 10 13 Segi Sherril Hypnosis for pain management anxiety and behavioral disorders The Clinical Advisor For Nurse Practitioners 2012 15 3 80 ISSN 1524 7317 Lyda Alex Hypnosis Gaining Ground in Medicine Columbia News 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Columbia edu Retrieved on 1 October 2011 Hypnosis for the Relief and Control of Pain www apa org 2021 12 22 原始内容存档于2021 07 25 Peters S L Yao C K Philpott H Yelland G W Muir J G Gibson P R Randomised clinical trial the efficacy of gut directed hypnotherapy is similar to that of the low FODMAP diet for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome Alimentary Pharmacology amp Therapeutics 2016 44 5 447 459 2021 12 22 ISSN 1365 2036 PMID 27397586 S2CID 42525698 doi 10 1111 apt 13706 原始内容存档于2021 12 22 英语 Lacy Brian E Pimentel Mark Brenner Darren M Chey William D Keefer Laurie A Long Millie D Moshiree Baha ACG Clinical Guideline Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome American Journal of Gastroenterology January 2021 116 1 17 44 ISSN 0002 9270 PMID 33315591 doi 10 14309 ajg 0000000000001036 美国英语 Elkins Gary R Fisher William I Johnson Aimee K Carpenter Janet S Keith Timothy Z Clinical Hypnosis in the Treatment of Post Menopausal Hot Flashes A Randomized Controlled Trial Menopause March 2013 20 3 291 298 ISSN 1072 3714 PMC 3556367 PMID 23435026 doi 10 1097 GME 0b013e31826ce3ed Nonhormonal management of menopause associated vasomotor symptoms 2015 position statement of The North American Menopause Society Menopause November 2015 22 11 1155 1172 quiz 1173 1174 2021 12 22 ISSN 1530 0374 PMID 26382310 S2CID 14841660 doi 10 1097 GME 0000000000000546 原始内容存档于2021 03 22 Hasan Faysal M Zagarins Sofija E Pischke Karen M Saiyed Shamila Bettencourt Ann Marie Beal Laura Macys Diane Aurora Sanjay McCleary Nancy Hypnotherapy is more effective than nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation Results of a randomized controlled trial Complementary Therapies in Medicine 2014 22 1 1 8 2021 12 22 PMID 24559809 doi 10 1016 j ctim 2013 12 012 原始内容存档于2021 12 22 英语 Carmody T P Duncan C Simon J A Solkowitz S Huggins J Lee S Delucchi K Hypnosis for smoking cessation a randomized trial Nicotine amp Tobacco Research 2008 10 5 811 818 2021 12 22 PMID 18569754 doi 10 1080 14622200802023833 原始内容存档于2022 03 03 英语 Barnes Joanne McRobbie Hayden Dong Christine Y Walker Natalie Hartmann Boyce Jamie Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group 编 Hypnotherapy for smoking cessation Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2019 06 14 2019 6 CD001008 PMC 6568235 PMID 31198991 doi 10 1002 14651858 CD001008 pub3 英语 Lynn Steven Jay Krackow Elisa Loftus Elizabeth F Locke Timothy G Lilienfeld Scott O Constructing the past problematic memory recovery techniques in psychotherapy Lilienfeld Scott O Lynn Steven Jay Lohr Jeffrey M 编 Science and pseudoscience in clinical psychology 2nd New York Guilford Press 2014 245 275 ISBN 9781462517510 OCLC 890851087 Hall Celia Hypnosis does not help accurate memory recall says study Telegraph 26 August 2001 11 March 2019 原始内容存档于2019 03 31 其他参考 编辑 Hypnotherapy by Dave Elman 1964 Hypnosis for the Seriously Curious by Kenneth Bowers NY W W Norton 1993 Hypnosis and Suggestion in the Treatment of Pain A Clinical Guide by Joseph Barber NY Norton 1996 Mind control Research by G Wagstaff Dept of Psychology University of Liverpool Hypnosis Compliance and Belief by G Wagstaff 1981 The Highly Hypnotizable Person Michael Heap Richard J Brown amp David A Oakley 2004 Routledge Better and Better Every Day Emile Coue 1960 Uncommon Therapy Jay Haley about the psychotherapeutic intervention techniques of Milton Erickson Advanced Self Hypnosis Melvin Powers Thorsons Publishers 1973 ISBN 0 7225 0058 0 Molly Moon s Incredible Book of Hypnotism Georgia Byng Open to suggestion The uses and abuses of hypnosis Robert Temple 1989 ISBN 1 85030 710 4 Hypnosis With Friends and Lovers Freda Morris 1979 ISBN 0 06 250600 5 Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis William S Kroger M D 1977 ISBN 0 397 50377 6 EBooks The Power of Creative Visualization Personal Transformation in 7 Weeksby Pradeep Aggarwal 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 催眠 amp oldid 71916401, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，

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