5-硝基咪唑

5-硝基咪唑是一种有机化合物，为硝基咪唑（德语：Nitroimidazole）的同分异构体之一，化学式为C₃H₃N₃O₂。它可由咪唑在硝酸-硫酸中的硝化反应制备。^[2]5-硝基咪唑可以进一步发生硝化反应，生成4,5-二硝基咪唑。^[3]

5-硝基咪唑
IUPAC名 5-Nitro-1H-imidazole
别名	4-硝基咪唑 5-硝基-1H-咪唑
识别
CAS号	3034-38-6
PubChem	18208
ChemSpider	10637918
SMILES	c1cn(cn1)[N+](=O)[O-]
InChI	1/C3H3N3O2/c7-6(8)5-2-1-4-3-5/h1-3H
InChIKey	KUNMIWQQOPACSS-UHFFFAOYAV
性质
化学式	C3H3N3O2
摩尔质量	113.07 g·mol^−1
熔点	303 °C（分解）^[1]
危险性
警示术语	R：R20/21/22 R36/37/38
安全术语	S：S26 S36/37
主要危害	Xn
若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

参考文献

1. "PhysProp" data were obtained from Syracuse Research Corporation of Syracuse, New York (US). Retrieved from SciFinder. [2020-11-18]
2. Yves Lingscheid, Mathias Paul, Andreas Bröhl, Jörg-Martin Neudörfl, Ralf Giernoth. Determination of inter-ionic and intra-ionic interactions in a monofluorinated imidazolium ionic liquid by a combination of X-ray crystallography and NOE NMR spectroscopy: Intra-ionic interactions in a monofluorinated imidazolium IL. Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry. 2018-02, 56 (2): 80–85 [2020-11-18]. doi:10.1002/mrc.4608 （英语）. 
3. Thomas M. Klapötke, Thomas G. Müller, Magdalena Rusan, Jörg Stierstorfer. Metal Salts of 4,5-Dinitro-1,3-imidazole as Colorants in Pyrotechnic Compositions: Metal Salts of 4,5-Dinitro-1,3-imidazole as Colorants in Pyrotechnic Compositions. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 2014-06, 640 (7): 1347–1354 [2020-11-18]. doi:10.1002/zaac.201400082 （英语）.