2032年夏季奥林匹克运动会
| 本文記述一項将要举行的体育事件。 |
第三十五屆夏季奥林匹克運動會（英語：the Games of the XXXV Olympiad），一般稱為2032布里斯本奧運，將於2032年7月23日至8月8日在大洋洲澳大利亚的城市布里斯本舉行。
| 2032年夏季奥林匹克运动会开幕 |
| 澳大利亞布里斯本——2032年7月23日 |
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2020年東京奧運開幕前夕，國際奧委會於2021年7月21日於日本東京舉行的第138次全體會議上選出布里斯本為該屆主辦城市[1]，該城市也成為新申辦方式實施後首個被選出的主辦城市，亦是自1984年洛杉磯奧運以來首個未有競爭對手的申辦城市。[2]這是澳洲繼2000年睽違32年後再次主辦夏季奧運，澳洲也將成為繼美國後，第二個三度在不同城市主辦夏季奧運的國家，同時也是第四個三度舉辦夏季奧運的國家。[a]
申辦 编辑
2021年2月24日国际奥委会宣布，接受“奥运会举办地委员会”的推荐，澳大利亚布里斯班成为2032年夏奥会首选举办城市[3]。国际奥委会2019年开始不再采用候选城市投票表决方式，而是成立了奥运会举办地委员会，负责向国际奥委会执委会推荐多个或者单个候选城市。 新的國際奧委會招標程序於2019年6月24日在瑞士洛桑舉行的第134屆國際奧委會全體會議上獲得批准[4]。受《2020 年奧林匹克議程》相關建議的推動，主要提案包括：
- 建立永久的、持續的對話，以探索和創造城市/地區/國家和國家奧委會之間對任何奧林匹克賽事的興趣
- 設立兩個未來主辦委員會（夏季和冬季奧運會）以監督對未來奧運會賽事的興趣並向國際奧委會執行委員會報告
- 通過讓非執行委員會成員成為未來主辦委員會的一部分，使國際奧委會會議更具影響力[5][4]。
国际奥委会还修改了《奥林匹克宪章》，取消了在奥运会前七年投票选举举办城市的规定，并将主办城市从单一城市/地区/国家改为多个城市、地区或国家，以增加其灵活性。
来自德国的申办成员批评申办流程的改革“难以理解”、“在不透明方面”没什么进步。[6]
The IOC also modified the Olympic Charter to increase its flexibility by removing the date of election from 7 years before the games and changing the host from a single city/region/country to multiple cities, regions, or countries.
The change in the bidding process was criticised by members of the German bid as "incomprehensible" and hard to surpass "in terms of non-transparency".[7]
推荐城市（6个） 编辑
未來夏季奧運會主辦城市佣金 编辑
The full composition of the Summer Commissions, oversee interested hosts, or with potential hosts where the IOC may want to create interest, is as follows:[10]
| IOC members (6) | Other members (4) |
|---|---|
|
|
討論 编辑
According to Future Host Commission terms of reference with rules of conduct, the new IOC bidding system is divided into two dialogue stages:[11]
- Continuous Dialogue: Non-committal discussions between the IOC and Interested Parties (City/Region/Country/NOC interested in hosting) concerning hosting future Olympic events.
- Targeted Dialogue: Targeted discussions with one or more Interested Parties (called Preferred Host(s)), as instructed by the IOC Executive Board. This follows a recommendation by the Future Host Commission as a result of Continuous Dialogue.
投票结果 编辑
Without any rival bid,[12] Brisbane was confirmed as host of the 2032 Summer Olympics at the 138th IOC Session on 21 July 2021 in Tokyo, Japan.[13] As per the new format of choosing future Olympic Games host cities from the IOC's Agenda 2020, the vote was in a form of a referendum to the 80 IOC delegates. According to the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 72 of the delegates voted Yes, 5 voted No, and 3 other voters abstained.[14]
組織 编辑
布里斯班奧林匹克、帕拉林匹克競技大會組織委員會由昆士蘭州政府成立，並依主辦城市契約規定去計畫、組織、籌備奧帕運會賽事.[15]
籌備 编辑
From the 2021 selection of the city as the host for the 2032 Summer Olympics, Brisbane has 11 years to prepare for the games. The Brisbane bid relied on the premise that over 80 percent of the venues needed to host the games were already existing infrastructure. A 2019 feasibility study suggested that over A$900 million would be needed from both state and federal funding to host the games. The bid received federal government support in 2019.
場地興建與翻新 编辑
The majority of venues for the Games are existing or undergoing renovations and upgrades. Most of the new venues would be situated in the Brisbane Zone, such as the planned Brisbane Live precinct located at Roma Street. The Brisbane Live precinct will house a 17–18,000 person arena as its centrepiece and will be used for events such as aquatics. The precinct will also include a new railway station under Roma Street. The precinct construction cost is around A$2 billion, with an estimated completion date of 2024.[16]
In April 2021, Premier of Queensland Annastacia Palaszczuk stated that the Brisbane Cricket Ground would undergo an approximately A$1 billion redevelopment to serve as main stadium if Brisbane were awarded the Games, under which the stadium will be "entirely demolished" and expanded to a capacity of 50,000,. A new pedestrian plaza would also be constructed, which has been proposed as a site for public festivities during the Games. LNP of Queensland MP Ted O'Brien remarked that the renovation contradicted a previous statement that the bid would have "no big, new, flashy, glossy investments".[17][18]
基礎設施 编辑
As of 2021, Brisbane has many infrastructure projects under construction or planning on top of the games. The Cross River Rail, scheduled to be completed in 2024, is an underground railway project through central Brisbane, which is under construction. The Cross River Rail will see the development of a new rail line underneath Brisbane River, and the redevelopment of several stations in the Brisbane central business district with a cost of over A$5 billion.[19] Other transport infrastructure projects include the Brisbane Metro bus rapid transit project that will see the construction of two routes with a headway of up to three minutes during peak times.[20] The project is scheduled to be completed by 2023.
Brisbane Lord Mayor Adrian Schrinner proposed that a 7-公頃（17-英畝） glass factory at 137 Montague Rd, South Brisbane be redeveloped into a 57,000 m2（613,500 sq ft） International Broadcasting Centre.[21][22]
The main Athletes' Village will be constructed at Hamilton.[23]
比賽場地 编辑
場地將位於昆士蘭州東南部的三個區域：包括身為主辦城市的布里斯本以及鄰近的黃金海岸和陽光海岸。另外有五個城市將舉辦足球預賽，包括昆士蘭州的凱恩斯、圖翁巴和湯斯維爾。墨爾本和雪梨-澳洲兩個分別於1956年和2000年舉辦奧運的城市—也將舉辦足球預賽。
比賽項目 编辑
根據國際奧委會現行政策，夏季奧運會的項目包括在兩屆奧運會之間堅持的“28項核心”項目，其他項目可以在國際奧委會和組委會的支持下納入（在最大運動員人數範圍內），以提高當地人的興趣和獲取獎牌的機會[24][25]。 各種管理組織已宣布計劃爭取將體育項目加入2032年夏季奧運會：
- 2021年2月，澳洲壘球協會、澳洲棒球協會和世界棒壘球總會支持棒球和壘球成為2028年和2032年賽程的一部分[26]。澳洲棒球協會的CEO格倫·威廉斯指出，2020年夏季奧運會棒球和壘球的轉播觀眾人數創下歷史新高，澳洲壘球協會主席Richard Lindell也支持將體育項目重新納入夏季奧運會的永久項目[27]。這兩個項目都在奧運會上為澳洲贏得了獎牌，提議中的阿爾比恩區Breakfast Creek Sports Precinct棒球專用場地將支持他們的申辦[28]。
- In July 2021, International Rugby League (IRL) chair Troy Grant stated that pursuing rugby league for Queensland 2032 was a "priority" for the organisation, with a particular focus on rugby league nines for the Olympics and wheelchair rugby league for the Paralympics.[29] Queensland has a popular rugby league fanbase.[30]
- In August 2021, the International Cricket Council (ICC) announced the establishment of a working group to pursue cricket for the Los Angeles 2028 and/or Brisbane 2032 Summer Olympics, including representatives from USA Cricket, the Asian Cricket Council, England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB), and Zimbabwe Cricket. The bid has also received backing from the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI). Cricket is one of the most popular sports in Australia, and Cricket Australia is one of the 12 full members of the ICC.[31][32]
- In August 2021, World Netball announced that it would pursue the inclusion of netball, with backing from Netball Australia. The country has won the Netball World Cup eleven times since its inception. While the bid faces a potential obstacle from the IOC's current policy of gender balancing - women's netball is more prominent at the elite level than the men's game - men's netball has seen growth in recent years.[33]
宣傳 编辑
会徽 编辑
奖牌 编辑
吉祥物 编辑
口号 编辑
体育项目图标 编辑
海報 编辑
轉播單位 编辑
參見 编辑
- 2032年夏季帕拉林匹克運動會
- 舉辦於澳大利亞的奧運會
- 1956年夏季奥林匹克运动会 – 墨爾本
- 2000年夏季奥林匹克运动会 – 雪梨
- 2032年夏季奥林匹克运动会 – 布里斯本
- 舉辦於布里斯班的其他綜合運動會
- 1982年英联邦运动会
- 1994年夏季世界壯年運動會
參考文獻 编辑
- ^ Tracey, Holmes. Why a Brisbane 2032 Olympic Games could start a sports funding revolution. ABC News. 2021-05-26 [2021-07-21]. （原始内容于2021-07-19） （澳大利亚英语）.
- ^ Dunbar, Graham. Brisbane set to be named 2032 Olympics host next month. Associated Press. [2021-06-10]. （原始内容于2021-06-19）.
- ^ 2032奥运会首选布里斯班举办. [2021-02-25].
- ^ 4.0 4.1 . International Olympic Committee (新闻稿). 26 June 2019 [2022-04-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-14）.
- ^ . International Olympic Committee (新闻稿). 2 May 2019 [2022-04-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-16）.
- ^ Australian Associated Press. . The Guardian. 26 February 2021 [26 February 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-17）.
- ^ Australian Associated Press. . The Guardian. 26 February 2021 [26 February 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-17）.
- ^ 印尼提出申辦2032年奧運會 與韓朝爭做「東道主」. 香港01. 2019-02-19 [2020-04-03]. （原始内容于2020-03-25）.
- ^ Hecker, Anno. Sommerspiele in Deutschland: Demokratisch legitimiertes Olympiaprojekt. FAZ.NET. [2021-08-05]. ISSN 0174-4909. （原始内容于2021-08-05） （德语）.
- ^ . International Olympic Committee (新闻稿). 3 October 2019 [2022-04-27]. （原始内容存档于2019-10-06）.
- ^ (PDF). International Olympic Committee (报告) (Lausanne, Switzerland). 3 October 2019 [2022-04-27]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-06-27）.
- ^ Brisbane picked to host 2032 Olympics without a rival bid. ABC News. [23 July 2021].
- ^ . ABC News (Australia). 21 July 2021 [2022-04-27]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-28） –通过YouTube.
- ^ . ABC News (Australia). 21 July 2021 [22 July 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-24）.
- ^ Brisbane Olympic and Paralympic Games Arrangements Act 2021. Queensland Legislation. [2022-04-01].
- ^ Gleeson, Peter. . Courier-Mail (Brisbane). 14 December 2019 [22 July 2021]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-11）.
- ^ . Inside the Games. [2022-01-23]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-28）.
- ^ . ABC News. 2021-04-19 [2021-11-18]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-28） （澳大利亚英语）.
- ^ Cross River Rail Detailed Business Case 2016, Executive Summary, pp 30–32
- ^ . www.brisbane.qld.gov.au. [10 April 2020]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-28）.
- ^ . ABC News. 27 July 2021 [29 July 2021]. （原始内容存档于2022-04-27） （澳大利亚英语）.
- ^ Moore, Tony. . Brisbane Times. 26 July 2021 [29 July 2021]. （原始内容存档于2022-04-27） （英语）.
- ^ . www.statedevelopment.qld.gov.au. 27 July 2021 [29 July 2021]. （原始内容存档于2022-04-02）.
- ^ Big changes to Olympic sports program on way after Agenda 2020 Summit. www.insidethegames.biz. 19 July 2014 [18 July 2021]. （原始内容于12 September 2015）.
- ^ (PDF). IOC. [23 June 2015]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于10 August 2015）.
- ^ Cricket leads charge for sports seeking spot at a 2032 Brisbane Olympics. Sydney Morning Herald. 26 February 2021 [29 August 2022]. （原始内容于2022-12-11）.
- ^ Australian baseball, softball governing bodies backing 2028, 2032 Olympic push. World Baseball Softball Confederation. 7 October 2021 [29 August 2022]. （原始内容于2022-12-11）.
- ^ New Breakfast Creek Sports Precinct Proposed for Brisbane 2032 Olympics. Brisbane Development. 17 July 2022 [29 August 2022]. （原始内容于2022-10-04）.
- ^ 'Olympics a priority': Rugby league aiming for Brisbane 2032 Games. National Rugby League. 23 July 2021 [25 July 2021]. （原始内容于2022-03-27）.
- ^ . Sports Industry AU. [29 July 2021]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-27） （美国英语）.
- ^ ICC to push for cricket's inclusion in the 2028 Olympics. ESPN Cricinfo. [2021-08-11]. （原始内容于2021-11-17）.
- ^ ICC forms Olympic Working Group to prepare bid for Los Angeles 2028 inclusion. Inside the Games. 2021-08-10 [2021-08-12]. （原始内容于10 August 2021）.
- ^ World Netball back the sport to feature at Brisbane 2032. insidethegames.biz. 2021-08-09 [2021-09-25]. （原始内容于9 August 2021）.
- ^ IOC reaches agreement for broadcast rights in Brazil with Grupo Globo through to 2032. International Olympic Committee (新闻稿). Olympic.org. 10 December 2015 [11 December 2015]. （原始内容于13 December 2015）.
- ^ IOC awards broadcast rights to the Japan Consortium through to 2032 (新闻稿). International Olympic Committee. 14 November 2019 [14 November 2019]. （原始内容于2019-11-14）.
- ^ IOC awards 2026-2032 Olympic Games broadcast rights in Korea to JTBC (新闻稿). International Olympic Committee. 4 June 2019 [4 June 2019]. （原始内容于2019-06-04）.
- ^ IOC awards Olympic Games broadcast rights to NBCUniversal through to 2032 (新闻稿). International Olympic Committee. 7 May 2014 [27 August 2017]. （原始内容于2021-07-22）.
- ^ 国际奥委会与中央广播电视总台达成新周期奥运版权合作 (新闻稿). 央视网. 2021-09-09 [2021-09-09]. （原始内容于2021-09-09）.
- ^ CBC/Radio−Canada Secures Broadcast Rights For Olympic Games From 2026 To 2032. Media in Toronto. 2022-04-09 [2022-04-10] （英语）.
注釋 编辑
外部連結 编辑
- 2032年布里斯班奥运会国际奥委会官网 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）