^ 1.01.1Gobush, K.S.; Edwards, C.T.T.; Maisels, F.; Wittemeyer, G.; Balfour, D.; Taylor, R.D. Loxodonta cyclotis.. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T181007989A181019888 [25 March 2021].
^ 2.02.1Shoshani, Jeheskel. ; 收錄於 Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. , 编. Mammal Species of the World 第三版. 巴爾的摩: 約翰霍普金斯大學出版社. 2005-11-16: 91. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494(英语).
^Gene. . Sciscape. Dec 22, 2010 [2010-12-22]. (原始内容存档于2012-02-10).
^Debruyne R, van Holt A, Barriel V & Tassy P. Status of the so-called African pygmy elephant (Loxodonta pumilio (NOACK 1906)): phylogeny of cytochrome b and mitochondrial control region sequences. Comptes Rendus de Biologie. 2003, 326 (7): 687–69. PMID 14556388.
^Barnes RFW, Beardsley K, Michelmore F, Barnes KL, Alers MPT and Blom A. Estimating Forest Elephant Numbers with Dung Counts and a Geographic Information System. The Journal of Wildlife Management (Allen Press). 1997, 61 (4): 1384–1393 [2010-07-17]. (原始内容于2020-03-16).
^Barnes RFW, Alers MPT and Blom A. A review of the status of forest elephants Loxodonta africana in central Africa. Biological Conservation. 1995, 71 (2): 125–132 [2010-07-17]. (原始内容存档于2013-02-02).