^ 4.04.14.24.34.4Trond Taugbøl & Stein I. Johnsen. Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet – Pacifastacus leniusculus(PDF). Online Database of the North European and Baltic Network on Invasive Alien Species. NOBANIS – European Network on Invasive Species. 2006 [August 28, 2010]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2012-08-29).
^James W. Fetzner Jr. Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus) leniusculus leniusculus (Dana, 1852). Signal crayfish. Crayfish Taxon Browser. Carnegie Museum of Natural History. January 14, 2008 [August 8, 2010]. (原始内容存档于2012年8月29日).
^Joe Eaton. Fighting the Bay Area Invasion of Signal Crayfish. Berkeley Daily Planet. 2005-05-17 [2011-09-04]. (原始内容于2019-06-03).
^PG&E Joins Forces to Save the Endangered Shasta Crayfish. PG&E. [2011-09-04]. (原始内容存档于2012-08-29).
^G. A. Schuster; C. A. Taylor & J. Cordeiro. Pacifastacus leniusculus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN). 2010, 2010: e.T153648A4526314 [9 January 2018]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T153648A4526314.en. (原始内容于2018-09-22).
^ 10.010.1Richard Chadd & Brian Eversham. Other invertebrates. Norman Maclean (编). Silent Summer: The State of Wildlife in Britain and Ireland. Cambridge University Press. 2010: 556–575 [2018-05-06]. ISBN 9781139788694. (原始内容于2021-12-14).
^Silva, S., Outón, P., Nachón, D. J., Gómez-Sande, P., Sánchez-Hernández, J., Vieira-Lanero, R., & Cobo, F. (2017). New data on the introduction of the invasive signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana, 1852)(Crustacea, Decapoda) and ectosymbiont branchiobdellidans (Annelida, Clitellata) in NW Iberian Peninsula. Nova Acta Científica Compostelana, 24.
外部連結编辑
Invasion of the Plague Carriers. The Vega Science Trust. 2002 [2018-05-06]. (原始内容 (RealVideo)存档于2012-05-10).
'Kill crayfish on sight' appeal. BBC News. August 15, 2008 [2018-05-06]. (原始内容于2020-10-08).