^The elapids in the past were considered to have two subfamilies–the Elapinae made of terrestrial species and Hydrophiinae made of the marine species.[2] In 1997, Slowinski, Knight and Rooney found in their phylogenetic analysis using amino acid sequences from venom proteins, that the Australasian terrestrial species nested within the Hydrophiinae. This led to removing the Australasian terrestrial species and placing them in Hydrophiinae.[3][2] This has been supported in subsequent recent genomic analyses, though these same studies also found the subfamily Elapinae to be paraphyletic in respect to the Hydrophiinae.[4][5][6] These studies have found coral snakes, cobras and mambas, kraits, and African gartersnakes forming successive outgroups to Hydrophiinae.[5][6] Since clade names are available for these groups with the exception of the Elapsoidea, bringing back the subfamilies Calliophiinae, Micrurinae, Najinae, and Bungarinae is ideal.
參考文獻
^Zaher, Hussam; Grazziotin, Felipe Gobbi; Cadle, John E.; Murphy, Robert W.; Moura-Leite, Julio Cesar de; Bonatto, Sandro L. Molecular phylogeny of advanced snakes (Serpentes, Caenophidia) with an emphasis on South American Xenodontines: a revised classification and descriptions of new taxa. Pap. Avulsos Zool. (scielo). 2009, 49: 115 – 153. ISSN 0031-1049. doi:10.1590/S0031-10492009001100001（英语）.
^ 2.02.1Mattison, C. The New Encyclopedia of Snakes. Princeton University Press. 2007.
^Slowinski, J. B.; Knight, A.; Rooney, A. P. Inferring Species Trees from Gene Trees: A Phylogenetic Analysis of the Elapidae (Serpentes) Based on the Amino Acid Sequences of Venom Proteins.. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 1997, 8 (3): 349–362. PMID 9417893. doi:10.1006/mpev.1997.0434.
^Pyron; Burbrink; Wiens. A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2013, 13: 93. PMC 3682911. PMID 23627680. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-93.
^ 5.05.1Lee, M. S.; Sanders, K. L.; King, B.; Palci, A. Diversification rates and phenotypic evolution in venomous snakes (Elapidae).. Royal Society Open Science. 2016, 3 (1): 1. Bibcode:2016RSOS....350277L. PMC 4736917. PMID 26909162. doi:10.1098/rsos.150277.
^ 6.06.1Figueroa, A.; McKelvy, A. D.; Grismer, L. L.; Bell, C. D.; Lailvaux, S. P. A species-level phylogeny of extant snakes with description of a new colubrid subfamily and genus. PLOS ONE. 2016, 11 (9): e0161070. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1161070F. PMC 5014348. PMID 27603205. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0161070.
新蛇小目, 學名, caenophidia, 是蛇亚目真蛇下目的一个小目, 在蛇亚目中种类最多, 分为六科, 包括各种毒蛇, 无毒蛇, 眼镜王蛇科学分类界, 动物界, animalia门, 脊索动物门, chordata纲, 爬行纲, reptilia目, 有鳞目, squamata亚目, 蛇亚目, serpentes下目, 真蛇下目, alethinophidia演化支, 非洲真蛇类, afrophidia小目, caenophidia, hoffstetter, 1939科, anomalophioidea, . 新蛇小目 學名 Caenophidia 是蛇亚目真蛇下目的一个小目 在蛇亚目中种类最多 分为六科 包括各种毒蛇 无毒蛇 新蛇小目眼镜王蛇科学分类界 动物界 Animalia门 脊索动物门 Chordata纲 爬行纲 Reptilia目 有鳞目 Squamata亚目 蛇亚目 Serpentes下目 真蛇下目 Alethinophidia演化支 非洲真蛇类 Afrophidia小目 新蛇小目 Caenophidia Hoffstetter 1939科 Anomalophioidea Russellophioidea 瘰鳞蛇超科 Acrochordoidea 瘰鱗蛇科 Acrochordidae 古杯蛇科 Palaeophiidae Nigerophiidae 黃頷蛇類 Colubroides 閃皮蛇科 Xenodermidae 黃頷蛇形類 Colubriformes Gunther 1864 鈍頭蛇科 Pareatidae Endoglyptodonta Zaher et al 2009 1 蝰科 Viperidae 水蛇科 Homalopsidae 眼鏡蛇超科 Elapoidea 鏟吻蛇科 Prosymnidae Buhoma 花條蛇科 Psammophiidae 屋蛇科 Lamprophiidae 穴蝰科 Atractaspididae 眼鏡蛇科 Elapidae a 黃頷蛇總科 Colubroidea 劍蛇科 Sibynophiidae 水游蛇科 Natricidae 食螺蛇科 Dipsadidae 黃頷蛇科 Colubridae異名Xenophidia一些常见的宠物蛇有 吊带蛇 翠青蛇 王蛇 鼠蛇 软蛇 水蛇註釋 编辑 The elapids in the past were considered to have two subfamilies the Elapinae made of terrestrial species and Hydrophiinae made of the marine species 2 In 1997 Slowinski Knight and Rooney found in their phylogenetic analysis using amino acid sequences from venom proteins that the Australasian terrestrial species nested within the Hydrophiinae This led to removing the Australasian terrestrial species and placing them in Hydrophiinae 3 2 This has been supported in subsequent recent genomic analyses though these same studies also found the subfamily Elapinae to be paraphyletic in respect to the Hydrophiinae 4 5 6 These studies have found coral snakes cobras and mambas kraits and African gartersnakes forming successive outgroups to Hydrophiinae 5 6 Since clade names are available for these groups with the exception of the Elapsoidea bringing back the subfamilies Calliophiinae Micrurinae Najinae and Bungarinae is ideal 參考文獻 编辑 Zaher Hussam Grazziotin Felipe Gobbi Cadle John E Murphy Robert W Moura Leite Julio Cesar de Bonatto Sandro L Molecular phylogeny of advanced snakes Serpentes Caenophidia with an emphasis on South American Xenodontines a revised classification and descriptions of new taxa Pap Avulsos Zool scielo 2009 49 115 153 ISSN 0031 1049 doi 10 1590 S0031 10492009001100001 英语 2 0 2 1 Mattison C The New Encyclopedia of Snakes Princeton University Press 2007 Slowinski J B Knight A Rooney A P Inferring Species Trees from Gene Trees A Phylogenetic Analysis of the Elapidae Serpentes Based on the Amino Acid Sequences of Venom Proteins Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 1997 8 3 349 362 PMID 9417893 doi 10 1006 mpev 1997 0434 Pyron Burbrink Wiens A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata including 4161 species of lizards and snakes BMC Evolutionary Biology 2013 13 93 PMC 3682911 PMID 23627680 doi 10 1186 1471 2148 13 93 5 0 5 1 Lee M S Sanders K L King B Palci A Diversification rates and phenotypic evolution in venomous snakes Elapidae Royal Society Open Science 2016 3 1 1 Bibcode 2016RSOS 350277L PMC 4736917 PMID 26909162 doi 10 1098 rsos 150277 6 0 6 1 Figueroa A McKelvy A D Grismer L L Bell C D Lailvaux S P A species level phylogeny of extant snakes with description of a new colubrid subfamily and genus PLOS ONE 2016 11 9 e0161070 Bibcode 2016PLoSO 1161070F PMC 5014348 PMID 27603205 doi 10 1371 journal pone 0161070 这是一篇與蛇類相關的小作品 你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容 查论编 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 新蛇小目 amp oldid 74021660, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，
