沙樂琴

沙樂琴(Sarod, 孟加拉語：সরোদ shorod, Hindi:सरोद)，又譯作薩羅德，是除了錫塔琴以外，在北印度古典音樂最流行的樂器。比錫塔琴體型略小，沙樂琴的聲音比較低沉和內斂。由於沒有品(frets)，方便大幅度的滑音。共有四至五條演奏用的弦，另有兩條持續低音的弦(chikari strings)，和九至十一條共鳴弦，指板多以不銹鋼製造，共鳴箱蒙以羊皮。右手以木製的撥來撥弦，而左手按弦時多用指甲尖，方便滑音，也令樂器的音色略帶金屬聲。^[1]

沙樂琴

椰子殼製的撥

歷史

沙樂琴的名字源於波斯語，意思是漂亮的聲音或旋律，可能起源於今日阿富汗的地區，最初被稱為低音 rubab。^[2]

著名演奏家

早期的開拓者

• Abdullah Khan (1849–1928), Court Musician of Darbhanga and Dacca
• Asadullah Khan "Kaukav" (1852–1919)
• Fida Hussain Khan (1855–1927), Court Musician of Rampur
• Ghulam Ali Bangash (c. 1790-1858), Court Musician of Gwalior
• Karamatullah Khan (1848–1933), Court Musician of Nepal
• Mohammad Amir Khan (1873–1934), Court Musician of Darbhanga and Rajshahi
• Murad Ali Khan (c. 1825-1905), Court Musician of Gwalior and Darbhanga
• Niyamatullah Khan (1809–1911), Court Musician of Bundi, Alwar and finally Lucknow
• Shafayat Ali Khan (1838–1915)^[3]

二十世紀演奏家

 

Allauddin Khan

• Ali Akbar Khan (1922–2009)
• Allauddin Khan (1862–1972)
• Aashish Khan (b. 1939)
• Amjad Ali Khan (b. 1945)
• Bahadur Khan (1931-1989)
• Buddhadev Das Gupta (b. 1933)
• Hafiz Ali Khan (1888–1972)
• Sakhawat Hussain (1877–1955)
• Sharan Rani Backliwal (1929–2008)
• Radhika Mohan Maitra (1917–1981)
• Vasant Rai (1942–1985)

參見

• 印度音樂
• 拉格_(音樂)

參考資料

1. Broughton, Simon. . [2006-12-02]. （原始内容存档于2006-11-18）. 
2. Courtney, David. . David and Chandrakantha Courtney. [2006-12-02]. （原始内容存档于2006-12-06）. 
3. Tamori, Masakazu. (PDF). Senrii Ethnological Studies 71: Music and Society in South Asia. [2009-08-03]. ISBN 978-4-901906-58-6. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-07-22）.