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维基百科

生物指標

生物指標(Bioindicator)又稱指標物種指示物種(indicator species),係指族群狀態可反映環境品質的物種。研究人員利用生物指標進行生物監測英语Biomonitoring[2][3],即藉由觀察指標種的族群變化,推得環境受污染的情形。生物指標可反映污染持續時間對生物的間接影響等藉由物理或化學方法無法獲知的額外資訊[4]。研究人員不需觀測環境中的所有生物,透過觀察單一指標物種即可偵測整體環境的變化情形[5]

石蛾為監測水質的生物指標[1]

有些指標物種僅適用於特定的環境,在不同環境或地理區域的準確度會下降[6]

案例

 
肺衣英语Lobaria pulmonaria對空氣污染相當敏感,可用作指標生物

細小裸藻英语Euglena gracilis[7][8]雙核草履蟲英语Paramecium biaurelia[9]苔蘚地衣石蛾蟾蜍[10][11]螯蝦[12]等生物均可作為環境的生物指標,檢測環境中的二氧化硫氮氧化物殺蟲劑重金屬或其他化學毒素等污染物。

參見

  • 生物完整性英语Biological integrity
  • BMWP指数英语Biological monitoring working party
  • 生命印迹
  • 生態指標英语Ecological indicator
  • 環境指標英语Environmental indicator
  • 生態指標值英语Indicator value
  • MERMOZ計畫英语MERMOZ
  • 前哨物種英语Sentinel species

參考文獻

  1. ^ Barbour, M.T.; Gerritsen, J.; Stribling, J.B. Rapid Bioassessment Protocols for Use in Streams and Wadeable Rivers: Periphyton, Benthic Macroinvertebrates and Fish, Second Edition (Report). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1999 [2021-12-12]. EPA 841-B-99-002. (原始内容于2021-12-12). 
  2. ^ NCSU Water Quality Group. . WATERSHEDSS: A Decision Support System for Nonpoint Source Pollution Control. Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University. [2016-07-31]. (原始内容存档于2016-07-23). 
  3. ^ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Water and Office of Research and Development. National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2008-2009: A Collaborative Study (PDF). Washington D.C. March 2016 [2021-12-12]. (原始内容 (PDF)于2021-07-02). 
  4. ^ Karr, James R. Assessment of biotic integrity using fish communities. Fisheries. 1981, 6 (6): 21–27. ISSN 1548-8446. doi:10.1577/1548-8446(1981)006<0021:AOBIUF>2.0.CO;2. 
  5. ^ Bioindicators. Science Learning Hub. The University of Waikato, New Zealand. 2015-02-10 [2021-12-12]. (原始内容于2021-12-12). 
  6. ^ Monteagudo, Laura; Moreno, José Luis. Benthic freshwater cyanobacteria as indicators of anthropogenic pressures. Ecological Indicators. 2016-08-01, 67: 693–702. ISSN 1470-160X. doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.03.035. 
  7. ^ Azizullah, Azizullah; Murad, Waheed; Muhammad, Adnan; Waheed, Ullah; Häder, Donat-Peter. Gravitactic orientation of Euglena gracilis - a sensitive endpoint for ecotoxicological assessment of water pollutants. Frontiers in Environmental Science. 2013, 1 (4): 1–4. doi:10.3389/fenvs.2013.00004 . 
  8. ^ Tahedl, Harald; Donat-Peter, Haeder. Automated Biomonitoring Using Real Time Movement Analysis of Euglena gracilis. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2001, 48 (2): 161–169. PMID 11161690. doi:10.1006/eesa.2000.2004. 
  9. ^ Hemmersbach, Ruth; Simon, Anja; Waßer, Kai; Hauslage, Jens; Christianen, Peter C.M.; Albers, Peter W.; Lebert, Michael; Richter, Peter; Alt, Wolfgang; Anken, Ralf. Impact of a High Magnetic Field on the Orientation of Gravitactic Unicellular Organisms—A Critical Consideration about the Application of Magnetic Fields to Mimic Functional Weightlessness. Astrobiology. 2014, 14 (3): 205–215. Bibcode:2014AsBio..14..205H. PMC 3952527 . PMID 24621307. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1085. 
  10. ^ Simon, E., Braun, M. & Tóthmérész, B. Non-destructive Method of Frog (Rana esculenta L.) Skeleton Elemental Analysis Used During Environmental Assessment.. Water Air Soil Pollut. 2010, 209: 467. doi:10.1007/s11270-009-0214-6. 
  11. ^ Lambert, M. R. K. Environmental Effects of Heavy Spillage from a Destroyed Pesticide Store near Hargeisa (Somaliland) Assessed During the Dry Season, Using Reptiles and Amphibians as Bioindicators. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 1997-01-01, 32 (1): 80–93. PMID 9002438. S2CID 24315472. doi:10.1007/s002449900158. 
  12. ^ Füreder, L.; Reynolds, J. D. Is Austropotamobius Pallipes a Good Bioindicator?. Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture. 2003, (370–371): 157–163 [2021-12-12]. ISSN 0767-2861. doi:10.1051/kmae:2003011 . (原始内容于2022-01-09). 

生物指標, bioindicator, 又稱指標物種或指示物種, indicator, species, 係指族群狀態可反映環境品質的物種, 研究人員利用進行生物監測, 英语, biomonitoring, 即藉由觀察指標種的族群變化, 推得環境受污染的情形, 可反映污染持續時間對生物的間接影響等藉由物理或化學方法無法獲知的額外資訊, 研究人員不需觀測環境中的所有生物, 透過觀察單一指標物種即可偵測整體環境的變化情形, 石蛾為監測水質的, 有些指標物種僅適用於特定的環境, 在不同環境或地理區域的準確度會下降, 案例. 生物指標 Bioindicator 又稱指標物種或指示物種 indicator species 係指族群狀態可反映環境品質的物種 研究人員利用生物指標進行生物監測 英语 Biomonitoring 2 3 即藉由觀察指標種的族群變化 推得環境受污染的情形 生物指標可反映污染持續時間對生物的間接影響等藉由物理或化學方法無法獲知的額外資訊 4 研究人員不需觀測環境中的所有生物 透過觀察單一指標物種即可偵測整體環境的變化情形 5 石蛾為監測水質的生物指標 1 有些指標物種僅適用於特定的環境 在不同環境或地理區域的準確度會下降 6 案例 编辑 肺衣 英语 Lobaria pulmonaria 對空氣污染相當敏感 可用作指標生物 細小裸藻 英语 Euglena gracilis 7 8 雙核草履蟲 英语 Paramecium biaurelia 9 苔蘚 地衣 石蛾 蛙與蟾蜍 10 11 螯蝦 12 等生物均可作為環境的生物指標 檢測環境中的二氧化硫 氮氧化物 殺蟲劑 重金屬或其他化學毒素等污染物 參見 编辑生物完整性 英语 Biological integrity BMWP指数 英语 Biological monitoring working party 生命印迹 生態指標 英语 Ecological indicator 環境指標 英语 Environmental indicator 生態指標值 英语 Indicator value MERMOZ計畫 英语 MERMOZ 前哨物種 英语 Sentinel species 參考文獻 编辑 可持续发展主题 Barbour M T Gerritsen J Stribling J B Rapid Bioassessment Protocols for Use in Streams and Wadeable Rivers Periphyton Benthic Macroinvertebrates and Fish Second Edition Report Washington D C U S Environmental Protection Agency EPA 1999 2021 12 12 EPA 841 B 99 002 原始内容存档于2021 12 12 NCSU Water Quality Group Biomonitoring WATERSHEDSS A Decision Support System for Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Raleigh NC North Carolina State University 2016 07 31 原始内容存档于2016 07 23 U S Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water and Office of Research and Development National Rivers and Streams Assessment 2008 2009 A Collaborative Study PDF Washington D C March 2016 2021 12 12 原始内容存档 PDF 于2021 07 02 Karr James R Assessment of biotic integrity using fish communities Fisheries 1981 6 6 21 27 ISSN 1548 8446 doi 10 1577 1548 8446 1981 006 lt 0021 AOBIUF gt 2 0 CO 2 Bioindicators Science Learning Hub The University of Waikato New Zealand 2015 02 10 2021 12 12 原始内容存档于2021 12 12 Monteagudo Laura Moreno Jose Luis Benthic freshwater cyanobacteria as indicators of anthropogenic pressures Ecological Indicators 2016 08 01 67 693 702 ISSN 1470 160X doi 10 1016 j ecolind 2016 03 035 Azizullah Azizullah Murad Waheed Muhammad Adnan Waheed Ullah Hader Donat Peter Gravitactic orientation of Euglena gracilis a sensitive endpoint for ecotoxicological assessment of water pollutants Frontiers in Environmental Science 2013 1 4 1 4 doi 10 3389 fenvs 2013 00004 Tahedl Harald Donat Peter Haeder Automated Biomonitoring Using Real Time Movement Analysis of Euglena gracilis Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2001 48 2 161 169 PMID 11161690 doi 10 1006 eesa 2000 2004 Hemmersbach Ruth Simon Anja Wasser Kai Hauslage Jens Christianen Peter C M Albers Peter W Lebert Michael Richter Peter Alt Wolfgang Anken Ralf Impact of a High Magnetic Field on the Orientation of Gravitactic Unicellular Organisms A Critical Consideration about the Application of Magnetic Fields to Mimic Functional Weightlessness Astrobiology 2014 14 3 205 215 Bibcode 2014AsBio 14 205H PMC 3952527 PMID 24621307 doi 10 1089 ast 2013 1085 Simon E Braun M amp Tothmeresz B Non destructive Method of Frog Rana esculenta L Skeleton Elemental Analysis Used During Environmental Assessment Water Air Soil Pollut 2010 209 467 doi 10 1007 s11270 009 0214 6 Lambert M R K Environmental Effects of Heavy Spillage from a Destroyed Pesticide Store near Hargeisa Somaliland Assessed During the Dry Season Using Reptiles and Amphibians as Bioindicators Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 1997 01 01 32 1 80 93 PMID 9002438 S2CID 24315472 doi 10 1007 s002449900158 Fureder L Reynolds J D Is Austropotamobius Pallipes a Good Bioindicator Bulletin Francais de la Peche et de la Pisciculture 2003 370 371 157 163 2021 12 12 ISSN 0767 2861 doi 10 1051 kmae 2003011 原始内容存档于2022 01 09 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 生物指標 amp oldid 69709877, 维基百科,wiki,书籍,书籍,图书馆,

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