^These are the average, maximum, and minimum flows recorded during the period of record (1973–2015) for this gauge.[5] The greatest recorded Willamette flood, which occurred in December 1861, produced a much larger maximum of 635,000立方英尺每秒（18,000立方米每秒） in Portland.[6]
^Facts About the Willamette River. Willamette Riverkeeper. [November 16, 2016]. （原始内容于2016-10-31）.
^Robbins, William G. Willamette River. The Oregon Encyclopedia. Portland State University and the Oregon Historical Society. [May 19, 2014]. （原始内容于2020-12-04）.
^Water-Year Summary for Site USGS 14211720. U.S. Geological Survey. [January 8, 2017]. （原始内容于2022-01-24）.
— (PDF), May 2008. Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. Retrieved April 10, 2011.
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Bright, William (2004). Native American Placenames of the United States. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-3576-X. OCLC 53019644.
Campbell, Lyle (1997). American Indian Languages. New York, New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509427-1. OCLC 247389024.
Deur, Douglas; Turner, Nancy J. (2005). Keeping it Living: Traditions of Plant Use and Cultivation on the Northwest Coast of North America. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 0-7748-1267-2. OCLC 57316620.
Edwards, G. Thomas; Schwantes, Carlos A. (1986). Experiences in a Promised Land: Essays in Pacific Northwest History. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 0-295-96328-X. OCLC 12805717.
Engeman, Richard H. (2009). The Oregon Companion: A Historical Gazetteer of the Useful, the Curious, and the Arcane. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-899-2. OCLC 236142647.
Gulick, Bill (2004). Steamboats on Northwest Rivers. Caldwell, Idaho: Caxton Press. ISBN 0-87004-438-9. OCLC 53000219.
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Meinig, D.W. The Shaping of America: A Geographical Perspective on 500 Years of History, Volume 3: Transcontinental America, 1850–1915. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. 1998. ISBN 0-300-08290-8. OCLC 60197763.
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Ruby, Robert H.; Brown, John A. The Chinook Indians: Traders of the Lower Columbia River. Civilization of the American Indian. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. 1976. ISBN 0-8061-2107-6. OCLC 1958350.
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威拉米特河, willamette, river, 源出美國喀斯喀特山脈, 由coast河, coast, 和middle河, middle, 等河匯合而成, 流經俄勒岡州西南部, 在波特蘭, portland, 西北注入哥倫比亞河, 長約480公里, 沿河是農牧業地區, 長期飽受污染物質侵擾, willamette, river, 流經波特蘭, 攝於1988年名称起源, from, clackamas, native, american, village, name, 国家, 美國省, 俄勒冈州支流, 左侧支流,. 威拉米特河 Willamette River 源出美國喀斯喀特山脈 由Coast河 Coast 和Middle河 Middle 等河匯合而成 流經俄勒岡州西南部 在波特蘭 Portland 西北注入哥倫比亞河 長約480公里 沿河是農牧業地區 威拉米特河長期飽受污染物質侵擾 Willamette River威拉米特河 威拉米特河流經波特蘭 攝於1988年名称起源 From a Clackamas Native American village name 1 国家 美國省 州 邦 俄勒冈州支流 左侧支流 Coast Fork Willamette River Long Tom River Marys River Luckiamute River Yamhill River Tualatin River 右侧支流 Middle Fork Willamette River McKenzie River Calapooia River Santiam River Molalla River 克拉克默斯河城市 尤金 科瓦利斯 奥尔巴尼 塞勒姆 Newberg OR Wilsonville OR 波特蘭源头 起源于俄勒冈海岸山脉 英语 Oregon Coast Range 与喀斯喀特山脉的Middle Fork Willamette River与Coast Fork Willamette River汇合 位置 俄勒冈州雷恩縣尤金附近 海拔 438 ft 134 m 2 河口 哥倫比亞河 位置 俄勒冈州姆尔特诺默县波特蘭 海拔 10 ft 3 m 2 长度 187 mi 301 km 3 流域面积 11 478 mi 29 730 km 4 流量 Morrison Bridge Portland 12 8英里 20 6公里 from mouth a 平均流量 33 010 ft s 900 m s 最大流量 420 000 ft s 11 900 m s 最小流量 4 200 ft s 100 m s 威拉米特河流域图维基共享资源 Willamette River 威拉米特河流經波特蘭注解 编辑 These are the average maximum and minimum flows recorded during the period of record 1973 2015 for this gauge 5 The greatest recorded Willamette flood which occurred in December 1861 produced a much larger maximum of 635 000立方英尺每秒 18 000立方米每秒 in Portland 6 參考文獻 编辑 引用错误 没有为名为Bright的参考文献提供内容 2 0 2 1 引用错误 没有为名为gnis的参考文献提供内容 Facts About the Willamette River Willamette Riverkeeper November 16 2016 原始内容存档于2016 10 31 Robbins William G Willamette River The Oregon Encyclopedia Portland State University and the Oregon Historical Society May 19 2014 原始内容存档于2020 12 04 Water Year Summary for Site USGS 14211720 U S Geological Survey January 8 2017 原始内容存档于2022 01 24 引用错误 没有为名为Flooding的参考文献提供内容 Oregon Water Quality Index Summary Report Water Years 1998 2007 PDF May 2008 Oregon Department of Environmental Quality Retrieved April 10 2011 Benke Arthur C ed and Cushing Colbert E ed Stanford Jack A Gregory Stanley V Hauer Richard F Snyder Eric B 2005 Chapter 13 Columbia River Basin in Rivers of North America Burlington Massachusetts Elsevier Academic Press ISBN 0 12 088253 1 OCLC 59003378 Bright William 2004 Native American Placenames of the United States Norman Oklahoma University of Oklahoma Press ISBN 0 8061 3576 X OCLC 53019644 Campbell Lyle 1997 American Indian Languages New York New York Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 509427 1 OCLC 247389024 Deur Douglas Turner Nancy J 2005 Keeping it Living Traditions of Plant Use and Cultivation on the Northwest Coast of North America Seattle University of Washington Press ISBN 0 7748 1267 2 OCLC 57316620 Edwards G Thomas Schwantes Carlos A 1986 Experiences in a Promised Land Essays in Pacific Northwest History Seattle University of Washington Press ISBN 0 295 96328 X OCLC 12805717 Engeman Richard H 2009 The Oregon Companion A Historical Gazetteer of the Useful the Curious and the Arcane Portland Oregon Timber Press ISBN 0 88192 899 2 OCLC 236142647 Gulick Bill 2004 Steamboats on Northwest Rivers Caldwell Idaho Caxton Press ISBN 0 87004 438 9 OCLC 53000219 Holman Frederick Van Voorhies 1907 Dr John McLoughlin the Father of Oregon Cleveland Ohio A H Clark Company ISBN 1 131 13770 1 OCLC 365933029 Laenen Antonius Dunnette David A 1997 River Quality Dynamics and Restoration Boca Raton Florida CRC Press ISBN 1 56670 138 4 OCLC 34885999 Loy Willam G Allan Stuart Allan Buckley Aileen R Meecham James E 2001 1976 Atlas of Oregon 2nd ed Eugene Oregon University of Oregon Press ISBN 0 87114 101 9 OCLC 228223337 Mackie Richard Somerset 1997 Trading Beyond the Mountains the British Fur Trade on the Pacific 1793 1843 Vancouver UBC Press ISBN 0 7748 0613 3 OCLC 82135549 McArthur Lewis A McArthur Lewis L 2003 1928 Oregon Geographic Names 7th ed Portland Oregon Oregon Historical Society Press ISBN 0 87595 277 1 OCLC 53075956 Meinig D W The Shaping of America A Geographical Perspective on 500 Years of History Volume 3 Transcontinental America 1850 1915 New Haven Connecticut Yale University Press 1998 ISBN 0 300 08290 8 OCLC 60197763 Orr Elizabeth L Orr William N 1999 Geology of Oregon 5th ed Dubuque Iowa Kendall Hunt Publishing Company ISBN 0 7872 6608 6 OCLC 42944922 Ruby Robert H Brown John A The Chinook Indians Traders of the Lower Columbia River Civilization of the American Indian Norman Oklahoma University of Oklahoma Press 1976 ISBN 0 8061 2107 6 OCLC 1958350 Samson Karl 2010 Frommer s Oregon Hoboken New Jersey Wiley Blackwell ISBN 0 470 53771 X OCLC 671277501 Smith Dwight A Norman James B 英语 James B Norman Dykman Pieter T 1989 1986 Historic Highway Bridges of Oregon 2nd ed Portland Oregon Oregon Historical Society Press ISBN 0 87595 205 4 OCLC 20362124 Snipp C Matthew 1989 American Indians The First of This Land New York New York Russell Sage Foundation ISBN 0 87154 822 4 OCLC 19670797 Stenzel Franz 1972 Cleveland Rockwell Scientist and Artist 1837 1907 Portland Oregon Oregon Historical Society ISBN 0 87595 037 X OCLC 333762 Thornton Russell American Indian Holocaust and Survival A Population History Since 1492 Civilization of the American Indian Norman Oklahoma University of Oklahoma Press 1990 ISBN 0 8061 2220 X OCLC 263150623 Timmen Fritz Blow for the Landing Atglen Pennsylvania Schiffer 1973 OCLC 38286714 U S Coast and Geodetic Survey Report of the Superintendent of the U S Coast and Geodetic Survey Showing the Progress of the Work during the Fiscal Year Ending with June 1886 Washington D C Government Printing Office 1887 OCLC 28937852 Wilkes Charles Narrative of the United States Exploring Expedition During the Years 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 Condensed and abridged London Whittaker and Co 1845 OCLC 602918838 Williams Travis The Willamette River Field Guide Portland Oregon Timber Press 2009 ISBN 0 88192 866 6 OCLC 243601804 Wortman Sharon Wood Wortman Ed Norman James B 2006 The Portland Bridge Book 3rd ed Portland Oregon Urban Adventure Press ISBN 0 9787365 1 6 OCLC 76928209 外部連結 编辑维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源 威拉米特河City of Portland River Renaissance Strategy 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Guiding the Willamette web archive Think Out Loud radio program on Oregon Public Broadcasting 英语 Oregon Public Broadcasting April 1 2009 Portland Harbor DEQ cleanup Oregon State Department of Environmental Quality Willamette Riverkeeper 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Non profit environmental organization 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 威拉米特河 amp oldid 70297620, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，
