這種手法通常被評論家認為是不高明的說書技巧，因為它破壞了故事的內在邏輯，縱使有時候會為了這個理由而故意採用。繼亞里士多德之後，文藝復興時期評論家將其視為一種迂拙的情節計策，雖然其仍然受用於文藝復興時期的劇作家；莎士比亞將此計策用在《一報還一報（英语：Measure for Measure）》《仲夏夜之梦》《皆大歡喜》《泰爾親王佩力克爾斯》和《冬天的故事》[3]。19世紀末，尼采批評歐里庇得斯透過這種計策將悲劇因素製造成樂觀的類型，並促使他高度懷疑戲劇《blissful delight in life》是「希臘快樂」（Greek cheerfulness）[4]。
But the new non-Dionysiac spirit is most clearly apparent in the endings of the new dramas. At the end of the old tragedies there was a sense of metaphysical conciliation without which it is impossible to imagine our taking delight in tragedy; perhaps the conciliatory tones from another world echo most purely in Oedipus at Colonus. Now, once tragedy had lost the genius of music, tragedy in the strictest sense was dead: for where was that metaphysical consolation now to be found? Hence an earthly resolution for tragic dissonance was sought; the hero, having been adequately tormented by fate, won his well-earned reward in a stately marriage and tokens of divine honour. The hero had become a gladiator, granted freedom once he had been satisfactorily flayed and scarred. Metaphysical consolation had been ousted by the deus ex machina.[6]
尼采認為，机械降神製造出虛假的慰藉感覺，這是不應該尋求的現象，這種情節計策的詆毀普遍出現在評論意見中[7]。一些20世紀的修正主義者的評論，建議deus ex machina不能在簡化的用語中被查看，並主張此種計策是凡人「刺探」與神的關係[8]。拉什瑞姆（Rush Rehm）特別引用希臘悲劇的例子，其中deus ex machina提供複雜化角色的生活和態度，當面臨神的同時為觀眾帶來戲劇的尾聲[8]。
Janko, Richard, trans. 1987. Poetics with Tractatus Coislinianus, Reconstruction of Poetics II and the Fragments of the On Poets. By Aristotle. Cambridge: Hackett. ISBN0-87220-033-7.
Mastronarde, Donald, 1990. Actors on High: The Skene roof, the Crane and the Gods in Attic Drama. Classical Antiquity, Vol 9, October 1990, pp 247–294. University of California.
天外救星, 拉丁语, deus, machina, ɑː, 拉丁語, ˈdɛ, ɛks, ˈmaːkʰɪnaː, plural, machina, english, from, machine, 亦译作, 舞台機關送神, 机械降神, 機器神, 解圍之神, 是意料外的, 突然的, 牽強的解圍角色, 手段或事件, 在虛構作品內, 突然引入來為緊張情節或場面解圍, 近似詞有天降神兵, 有如神助等, 古希腊戏剧, 美狄亚, 里的, 目录, 词源, 現代批評, 參見, 參考資料词源, 编辑拉丁語片語deus, machina. 天外救星 拉丁语 Deus ex machina ˌ d eɪ e s ɛ k s ˈ m ae k ɪ n e ˈ m ɑː k DAY es ex MA H K in e 1 拉丁語 ˈdɛ ʊs ɛks ˈmaːkʰɪnaː plural dei ex machina English god from the machine 亦译作 舞台機關送神 机械降神 機器神 解圍之神 等 是意料外的 突然的 牽強的解圍角色 手段或事件 在虛構作品內 突然引入來為緊張情節或場面解圍 近似詞有天降神兵 有如神助等 古希腊戏剧 美狄亚 里的天外救星 目录 1 词源 2 現代批評 3 參見 4 參考資料词源 编辑拉丁語片語Deus ex machina 英譯 God from the machine 翻譯自希臘語ἀpὸ mhxanῆs 8eos apo me khanḗ s theo s 意思是機關跑出的神 在古希腊戏剧 當劇情陷入膠著 困境難以解決時 突然出現擁有強大力量的神將難題解決 令故事得以收拾 有個好結局 扮演神的演員會利用起重機從舞台上方降下 或是起升機從舞台地板的活門抬上 這種表演手法是人為的 製造出意料之外的劇情大逆轉 2 現代批評 编辑這種手法通常被評論家認為是不高明的說書技巧 因為它破壞了故事的內在邏輯 縱使有時候會為了這個理由而故意採用 繼亞里士多德之後 文藝復興時期評論家將其視為一種迂拙的情節計策 雖然其仍然受用於文藝復興時期的劇作家 莎士比亞將此計策用在 一報還一報 英语 Measure for Measure 仲夏夜之梦 皆大歡喜 泰爾親王佩力克爾斯 和 冬天的故事 3 19世紀末 尼采批評歐里庇得斯透過這種計策將悲劇因素製造成樂觀的類型 並促使他高度懷疑戲劇 blissful delight in life 是 希臘快樂 Greek cheerfulness 4 尼采認為机械降神是蘇格拉底文化的症狀 重視文化知識過於酒神節的音樂並最終導致死亡的悲劇 5 But the new non Dionysiac spirit is most clearly apparent in the endings of the new dramas At the end of the old tragedies there was a sense of metaphysical conciliation without which it is impossible to imagine our taking delight in tragedy perhaps the conciliatory tones from another world echo most purely in Oedipus at Colonus Now once tragedy had lost the genius of music tragedy in the strictest sense was dead for where was that metaphysical consolation now to be found Hence an earthly resolution for tragic dissonance was sought the hero having been adequately tormented by fate won his well earned reward in a stately marriage and tokens of divine honour The hero had become a gladiator granted freedom once he had been satisfactorily flayed and scarred Metaphysical consolation had been ousted by the deus ex machina 6 尼采認為 机械降神製造出虛假的慰藉感覺 這是不應該尋求的現象 這種情節計策的詆毀普遍出現在評論意見中 7 一些20世紀的修正主義者的評論 建議deus ex machina不能在簡化的用語中被查看 並主張此種計策是凡人 刺探 與神的關係 8 拉什瑞姆 Rush Rehm 特別引用希臘悲劇的例子 其中deus ex machina提供複雜化角色的生活和態度 當面臨神的同時為觀眾帶來戲劇的尾聲 8 參見 编辑轉折 Peripeteia 奇蹟 駭客入侵 Deus Ex 參考資料 编辑 Random House Dictionary Dr L Kip Wheeler Literary Terms and Definitions D 2008 07 26 原始内容存档于2003 10 31 Rehm 1992 70 Nietzsche 1993 85 Nietzsche 1993 86 Nietzsche 1993 84 Nietzsche 2003 80 8 0 8 1 Rehm 1992 71 Bushnell Rebecca ed 2005 A Companion to Tragedy Malden MA and Oxford Blackwell Publishing ISBN 1 4051 0735 9 Heath Malcolm trans 1996 Poetics By Aristotle Penguin London ISBN 978 0 14 044636 4 Janko Richard trans 1987 Poetics with Tractatus Coislinianus Reconstruction of Poetics II and the Fragments of the On Poets By Aristotle Cambridge Hackett ISBN 0 87220 033 7 Mastronarde Donald 1990 Actors on High The Skene roof the Crane and the Gods in Attic Drama Classical Antiquity Vol 9 October 1990 pp 247 294 University of California Rehm Rush 1992 Greek Tragic Theatre Routledge London ISBN 0 415 04831 1 Tanner Michael ed 2003 The Birth of Tragedy By Nietzsche Friedrich Penguin London ISBN 978 0 14 043339 5 Taplin Oliver 1978 Greek Tragedy in Action Methuen London ISBN 0 416 71700 4 Walton J Michael trans 2000 Euripides Medea Methuen London ISBN 0 413 75280 1 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 天外救星 amp oldid 74829592, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，
