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维基百科

人渣宣言

九月 25, 2023

人渣宣言（SCUM Manifesto），或意譯為「消滅男性協會宣言」，是瓦萊麗·索拉納斯于1967年发表的基进女权主义宣言。 [1][2] 宣言主張男人敗毁了世界，而該由女人來修正世界。为了实现此目标，宣言主張成立「消滅男性協會」（SCUM），一個致力于推翻社会和消灭男性的组织。 因为模仿弗洛伊德的女性气质理论，《人渣宣言》常認為是讽刺或戏仿作品。 [3][4]

人渣（SCUM）出现在第一版的封面上，為「消滅男性協會」（Society for Cutting Up Men）的縮寫。 [5][6]

在索拉纳斯試圖槍殺安迪·沃荷之前，《人渣宣言》鲜为人知。謀殺事件替索拉纳斯與《人渣宣言》帶來极大关注。[7][8] 雖然女性主义者基阿特金森（英语：Ti-Grace Atkinson）为索拉纳斯辩护，认为《宣言》是对父权的合理批评，但傅瑞丹等其他女性主義者认为索拉纳斯的观点过于偏激和极化。

內容 编辑

在這個「社會」裡的「生活」極其無聊，「社會」的任何層面都與女性無關。具備公民意識、負責任、追求刺激的女性只能推翻政府、廢除貨幣、建立完善的自動化建制並消滅男性。
"Life" in this "society" being, at best, an utter bore and no aspect of "society" being at all relevant to women, there remains to civic-minded, responsible, thrill-seeking females only to overthrow the government, eliminate the money system, institute complete automation and eliminate the male sex.

——人渣宣言

宣言始於一項理論假設，即出於Y染色體的基因缺陷，男人是「不完整的女人」。[9] 此基因缺陷造成男性情感能力受限、自我中心、欠缺熱情與人際互動能力。索拉納斯描述男性缺乏同情心，只能憑自己直接的感官經驗行事。[10]

宣言持續論述，男人終生試圖成為一個女人，以克服自己的殘缺。為此，男人「尋找女人、與女人交好，與女人同居，與女人合為一體」（constantly seeking out, fraternizing with and trying to live through and fuse with the female）。索拉納斯拒絕了佛洛伊德的阴茎羡妒理論，反而論證是男性有陰部羨妒。索拉納斯隨後指控男性搞爛了整個世界，羅列了一長串男人的罪行，包含戰爭等。[11]

基於前述種種罪行，消滅男性有道德上之必要。[12] 宣言主張成立一支女性的革命先鋒隊。這支革命先鋒隊就是「消滅男性協會」（SCUM）。宣言強調，「消滅男性協會」（SCUM）必須採取比公民不服從更加激進的破壞行動與暴力，否則不足以摧毀整套社會系統。「消滅男性協會的示威遊行必踩在總統那令人作嘔的蠢臉上；消滅男性協會的襲擊必在黑夜中，用六吋的刀」（If SCUM ever marches, it will be over the President's stupid, sickening face; if SCUM ever strikes, it will be in the dark with a six-inch blade）。

宣言結尾，描繪了沒有男人的女性烏托邦。沒有金錢，沒有疾病與死亡。宣言進一步重申，男性是在不理性地捍衛現存制度，應接受自己滅亡的必要性。[13]

影響 编辑

刺殺安迪·沃荷 编辑

主条目：刺殺安迪·沃荷

Laura Winkiel認為索拉纳斯便是基於宣言刺殺安迪沃荷。[14][15][16][17]

改編 编辑

1976年，《人渣宣言》被改编为電影。Carole Roussopoulos（英语：Carole Roussopoulos）和德尔芬·塞里格执导該片。電影中，塞里格读了宣言法译本中的几段内容。[18][19]

1996年的电影《顛覆三度空間》[註 1]（I Shot Andy Warhol）中有描述了索拉纳斯的作品以及她与安迪·沃荷的关系 。索拉纳斯与安迪·沃荷的觀念差異，很大一部分与《人渣宣言》有关，以及作者身份概念上的争议。 [20]

參見 编辑

参考 编辑

註釋 编辑

  1. ^ 臺灣譯名

註腳 编辑

  1. ^ Penner (2011)
  2. ^ Jansen (2011) and see pp. 6, 129–160 (ch. 6, esp. pp. 131–135, 137–142, 145–148, & 150–160), 208 & 218.
  3. ^ Castro (1990)
  4. ^ Woods, Chavisa. Hating Valerie Solanas (And Loving Violent Men). Full Stop. 21 May 2019 [25 February 2020] （英语）. 
  5. ^ Jansen (2011), pp. 159–160
  6. ^ Fahs (2014)
  7. ^ Drake & Kerekes (2004), p. 199
  8. ^ Bernstein Weiss, Tracey. The Rhetoric of Radical Feminism: A Pentadic Analysis of the Inception of a Rhetorical Movement. Temple University. 1978: 3. 
  9. ^ Solanas (1968), p. 31
  10. ^ Solanas (1968), pp. 32–33
  11. ^ Solanas (1968), pp. 34–35
  12. ^ Solanas (1968), pp. 67–70
  13. ^ Solanas (1968), pp. 80–84
  14. ^ Winkiel (1999), p. 73 ("the only act of violence to come as a direct result of the manifesto") and p. 79 (the Manifesto "result[ing] in one failed assassination").
  15. ^ Hoberman, J. The Magic Hour: Film at Fin de Siècle. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press. 2003: 49. ISBN 1-56639-996-3. Valerie Solanas really was a nobody until she shot Andy Warhol. But once The SCUM Manifesto was underlined in blood, Solanas hardly had to wait for admirers.... Solanas was claimed as an 'important spokeswoman' by the radical wing of NOW .... 
  16. ^ Siegel, Deborah. Sisterhood, Interrupted: From Radical Women to Grrls Gone Wild. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 2007: 2. ISBN 978-1-4039-8204-9. Valerie Solanas, author of the man-hating tract known as the S.C.U.M. (Society for Cutting Up Men) Manifesto, shot Andy Warhol.... [¶] To women of the Baby Boomer generation, th[is and other] ... opening salvos of a revolution are moments of canonical—and personal—feminist history. 
  17. ^ Siegel, Deborah. Sisterhood, Interrupted: From Radical Women to Grrls Gone Wild. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 2007: 71–72. ISBN 978-1-4039-8204-9. "Solanas's supporters argued that the shooting of a prominent male avant-garde figure was a bold political statement offered in the name of women's liberation". 
  18. ^ Biet, Christian; Olivier Neveux. Une histoire du spectacle militant: théâtre et cinéma militants 1966-1981. Entretemps. 2007: 294. ISBN 978-2-912877-63-5 （法语）. 
  19. ^ Fleckinger, Hélène; Carou, Alain; Faucon, Térésa; Mc Nulty, Callisto; Noteris, Émilie. SCUM Manifesto : film, texts and archives about the 1976 staged reading of extracts from Valerie Solanas's SCUM Manifesto by Carole Roussopoulos and Delphine Seyrig. Paris: Naima Editions. 2018. ISBN 978-2-37440-100-3. 
  20. ^ Staff, Tilt. Greatest Films Directed by Women. Tilt Magazine. 2022-03-08 [2022-03-15] （英语）. 

书目 编辑

  • Castro, Ginette. American Feminism: A Contemporary History . Translated by Elizabeth Loverde-Bagwell. New York: New York University Press. 1990. ISBN 0-8147-1448-X.  (translated from Radioscopie du féminisme américain (Paris, France: Presses de la Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques, 1984)
  • Davis, Debra Diane. Breaking up [at] Totality: a Rhetoric of Laughter. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press. 2000. ISBN 0809322285. 
  • Dexter, Gary. Why not Catch-21?: The Stories behind the Titles. London: Frances Lincoln. 2007. ISBN 978-0-7112-2796-5. 
  • Drake, Temple; Kerekes, David. Headpress Guide to the Counterculture: A Sourcebook for Modern Readers. Manchester: Headpress. 2004. ISBN 1900486350. 
  • Echols, Alice. The new feminism of yin and yang. Ann Barr Snitow; Christine Stansell; Sharon Thompson (编). Powers of Desire: The Politics of Sexuality . New York: Monthly Review Press. 1983. ISBN 0-85345-610-0. 
  • Echols, Alice. Daring to Be Bad: Radical Feminism in America 1967–1975 . Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. 1989. ISBN 0-8166-1787-2. 
  • Fahs, Breanne. Valerie Solanas. The Feminist Press. 2014. ISBN 978-1558618480. 
  • Faso, Frank; Lee, Henry. Actress defiant: 'I'm not sorry'. Daily News 49 (297) (New York). 5 June 1968. 
  • Fleckinger, Hélène; Carou, Alain; Faucon, Térésa; Mc Nulty, Callisto; Noteris, Émilie. SCUM Manifesto : film, texts and archives about the 1976 staged reading of extracts from Valerie Solanas's SCUM Manifesto by Carole Roussopoulos and Delphine Seyrig. Paris: Naima Editions. 2018. ISBN 978-2-37440-100-3. 
  • Greer, Germaine. The Female Eunuch. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. 1971. 
  • Harding, James Martin. Forget Fame. Valerie Solanas, the Simplest Surrealist Act, and the (Re)Assertion of Avant-Garde Priorities. Cutting Performances: Collage Events, Feminist Artists, and the American Avant-Garde. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. 2010. ISBN 978-0-472-11718-5. 
  • Heller, Dana. Shooting Solanas: radical feminist history and the technology of failure. Victoria Hesford; Lisa Diedrich (编). Feminist Time against Nation Time: Gender, Politics, and the Nation-State in an Age of Permanent War. Lanham, MD: Lexington. 2008. ISBN 978-0-7391-1123-9. 
  • Hewitt, Nancy A. Solanas, Valerie. Susan Ware; Stacy Lorraine Braukman (编). Notable American Women: A Biographical Dictionary Completing the Twentieth Century. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press. 2004. ISBN 0-674-01488-X. 
  • Jansen, Sharon L. Reading Women's Worlds from Christine de Pizan to Doris Lessing: A Guide to Six Centuries of Women Writers Imagining Rooms of Their Own. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 2011. ISBN 978-0-230-11066-3. 
  • Lord, Catherine. Wonder Waif Meets Super Neuter. October. 2010, 132 (132): 135–163. S2CID 57566909. doi:10.1162/octo.2010.132.1.135. 
  • Lyon, Janet. Transforming manifestoes: a second-wave problematic. Yale Journal of Criticism. 1991, 5 (1): 101–127. 
  • Marmorstein, Robert. SCUM goddess: a winter memory of Valerie Solanis. The Village Voice. 13 June 1968: 9–20. 
  • Penner, James. Pinks, Pansies, and Punks: The Rhetoric of Masculinity in American Literary Culture. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. 2011. ISBN 978-0-253-22251-0. 
  • Purkis, Jon; Bowen, James. Twenty-First Century Anarchism: Unorthodox Ideas for a New Millennium. London: Cassell. 1997. ISBN 978-0304337422. 
  • Rich, B. Ruby. Manifesto destiny: drawing a bead on Valerie Solanas. Voice Literary Supplement (New York, NY: The Village Voice). 1993, 119: 16–17.  (review of Valerie Solanas' SCUM Manifesto)
  • Ronell, Avitel. Deviant payback: the aims of Valerie Solanas. SCUM Manifesto. London: Verso. 2004. ISBN 1-85984-553-3. 
  • Singleton, Carl; Knight, Jeffrey A.; Wildin, Rowena. The Sixties in America . Pasadena, CA: Salem Press. 1999. ISBN 0-89356-982-8. 
  • Smith, Howard; Van der Horst, Brian. Scenes: Valerie Solanas interview. The Village Voice. 25 July 1977, XXII (30). 
  • Solanas, Valerie. SCUM Manifesto. Olympia Press. 1968. 
  • Winkiel, Laura. The 'Sweet Assassin' and the Performative Politics of SCUM Manifesto. Patricia Juliana Smith (编). The Queer Sixties. New York: Routledge. 1999. ISBN 978-0-415-92168-8. 

外部連結 编辑

九月 25, 2023
人渣宣言, scum, manifesto, 或意譯為, 消滅男性協會宣言, 是瓦萊麗, 索拉納斯于1967年发表的基进女权主义宣言, 宣言主張男人敗毁了世界, 而該由女人來修正世界, 为了实现此目标, 宣言主張成立, 消滅男性協會, scum, 一個致力于推翻社会和消灭男性的组织, 因为模仿弗洛伊德的女性气质理论, 常認為是讽刺或戏仿作品, 人渣, scum, 出现在第一版的封面上, 消滅男性協會, society, cutting, 的縮寫, 在索拉纳斯試圖槍殺安迪, 沃荷之前, 鲜为人知, 謀殺事件替索拉纳斯. 人渣宣言 SCUM Manifesto 或意譯為 消滅男性協會宣言 是瓦萊麗 索拉納斯于1967年发表的基进女权主义宣言 1 2 宣言主張男人敗毁了世界 而該由女人來修正世界 为了实现此目标 宣言主張成立 消滅男性協會 SCUM 一個致力于推翻社会和消灭男性的组织 因为模仿弗洛伊德的女性气质理论 人渣宣言 常認為是讽刺或戏仿作品 3 4 人渣 SCUM 出现在第一版的封面上 為 消滅男性協會 Society for Cutting Up Men 的縮寫 5 6 在索拉纳斯試圖槍殺安迪 沃荷之前 人渣宣言 鲜为人知 謀殺事件替索拉纳斯與 人渣宣言 帶來极大关注 7 8 雖然女性主义者基阿特金森 英语 Ti Grace Atkinson 为索拉纳斯辩护 认为 宣言 是对父权的合理批评 但傅瑞丹等其他女性主義者认为索拉纳斯的观点过于偏激和极化 目录 1 內容 2 影響 2 1 刺殺安迪 沃荷 2 2 改編 3 參見 4 参考 4 1 註釋 4 2 註腳 4 3 书目 5 外部連結內容 编辑在這個 社會 裡的 生活 極其無聊 社會 的任何層面都與女性無關 具備公民意識 負責任 追求刺激的女性只能推翻政府 廢除貨幣 建立完善的自動化建制並消滅男性 Life in this society being at best an utter bore and no aspect of society being at all relevant to women there remains to civic minded responsible thrill seeking females only to overthrow the government eliminate the money system institute complete automation and eliminate the male sex 人渣宣言宣言始於一項理論假設 即出於Y染色體的基因缺陷 男人是 不完整的女人 9 此基因缺陷造成男性情感能力受限 自我中心 欠缺熱情與人際互動能力 索拉納斯描述男性缺乏同情心 只能憑自己直接的感官經驗行事 10 宣言持續論述 男人終生試圖成為一個女人 以克服自己的殘缺 為此 男人 尋找女人 與女人交好 與女人同居 與女人合為一體 constantly seeking out fraternizing with and trying to live through and fuse with the female 索拉納斯拒絕了佛洛伊德的阴茎羡妒理論 反而論證是男性有陰部羨妒 索拉納斯隨後指控男性搞爛了整個世界 羅列了一長串男人的罪行 包含戰爭等 11 基於前述種種罪行 消滅男性有道德上之必要 12 宣言主張成立一支女性的革命先鋒隊 這支革命先鋒隊就是 消滅男性協會 SCUM 宣言強調 消滅男性協會 SCUM 必須採取比公民不服從更加激進的破壞行動與暴力 否則不足以摧毀整套社會系統 消滅男性協會的示威遊行必踩在總統那令人作嘔的蠢臉上 消滅男性協會的襲擊必在黑夜中 用六吋的刀 If SCUM ever marches it will be over the President s stupid sickening face if SCUM ever strikes it will be in the dark with a six inch blade 宣言結尾 描繪了沒有男人的女性烏托邦 沒有金錢 沒有疾病與死亡 宣言進一步重申 男性是在不理性地捍衛現存制度 應接受自己滅亡的必要性 13 影響 编辑刺殺安迪 沃荷 编辑 主条目 刺殺安迪 沃荷 Laura Winkiel認為索拉纳斯便是基於宣言刺殺安迪沃荷 14 15 16 17 改編 编辑 1976年 人渣宣言 被改编为電影 Carole Roussopoulos 英语 Carole Roussopoulos 和德尔芬 塞里格执导該片 電影中 塞里格读了宣言法译本中的几段内容 18 19 1996年的电影 顛覆三度空間 註 1 I Shot Andy Warhol 中有描述了索拉纳斯的作品以及她与安迪 沃荷的关系 索拉纳斯与安迪 沃荷的觀念差異 很大一部分与 人渣宣言 有关 以及作者身份概念上的争议 20 參見 编辑基进女权主义 对工作的批评参考 编辑註釋 编辑 臺灣譯名 註腳 编辑 Penner 2011 Jansen 2011 and see pp 6 129 160 ch 6 esp pp 131 135 137 142 145 148 amp 150 160 208 amp 218 Castro 1990 Woods Chavisa Hating Valerie Solanas And Loving Violent Men Full Stop 21 May 2019 25 February 2020 英语 Jansen 2011 pp 159 160 Fahs 2014 Drake amp Kerekes 2004 p 199 Bernstein Weiss Tracey The Rhetoric of Radical Feminism A Pentadic Analysis of the Inception of a Rhetorical Movement Temple University 1978 3 Solanas 1968 p 31 Solanas 1968 pp 32 33 Solanas 1968 pp 34 35 Solanas 1968 pp 67 70 Solanas 1968 pp 80 84 Winkiel 1999 p 73 the only act of violence to come as a direct result of the manifesto and p 79 the Manifesto result ing in one failed assassination Hoberman J The Magic Hour Film at Fin de Siecle Philadelphia PA Temple University Press 2003 49 ISBN 1 56639 996 3 Valerie Solanas really was a nobody until she shot Andy Warhol But once The SCUM Manifesto was underlined in blood Solanas hardly had to wait for admirers Solanas was claimed as an important spokeswoman by the radical wing of NOW Siegel Deborah Sisterhood Interrupted From Radical Women to Grrls Gone Wild New York Palgrave Macmillan 2007 2 ISBN 978 1 4039 8204 9 Valerie Solanas author of the man hating tract known as the S C U M Society for Cutting Up Men Manifesto shot Andy Warhol To women of the Baby Boomer generation th is and other opening salvos of a revolution are moments of canonical and personal feminist history Siegel Deborah Sisterhood Interrupted From Radical Women to Grrls Gone Wild New York Palgrave Macmillan 2007 71 72 ISBN 978 1 4039 8204 9 Solanas s supporters argued that the shooting of a prominent male avant garde figure was a bold political statement offered in the name of women s liberation Biet Christian Olivier Neveux Une histoire du spectacle militant theatre et cinema militants 1966 1981 Entretemps 2007 294 ISBN 978 2 912877 63 5 法语 Fleckinger Helene Carou Alain Faucon Teresa Mc Nulty Callisto Noteris Emilie SCUM Manifesto film texts and archives about the 1976 staged reading of extracts from Valerie Solanas s SCUM Manifesto by Carole Roussopoulos and Delphine Seyrig Paris Naima Editions 2018 ISBN 978 2 37440 100 3 Staff Tilt Greatest Films Directed by Women Tilt Magazine 2022 03 08 2022 03 15 英语 书目 编辑 Castro Ginette American Feminism A Contemporary History nbsp Translated by Elizabeth Loverde Bagwell New York New York University Press 1990 ISBN 0 8147 1448 X 含有內容需登入查看的頁面 link translated from Radioscopie du feminisme americain Paris France Presses de la Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques 1984 Davis Debra Diane Breaking up at Totality a Rhetoric of Laughter Carbondale IL Southern Illinois University Press 2000 ISBN 0809322285 Dexter Gary Why not Catch 21 The Stories behind the Titles London Frances Lincoln 2007 ISBN 978 0 7112 2796 5 Drake Temple Kerekes David Headpress Guide to the Counterculture A Sourcebook for Modern Readers Manchester Headpress 2004 ISBN 1900486350 Echols Alice The new feminism of yin and yang Ann Barr Snitow Christine Stansell Sharon Thompson 编 Powers of Desire The Politics of Sexuality nbsp New York Monthly Review Press 1983 ISBN 0 85345 610 0 含有內容需登入查看的頁面 link Echols Alice Daring to Be Bad Radical Feminism in America 1967 1975 nbsp Minneapolis MN University of Minnesota Press 1989 ISBN 0 8166 1787 2 含有內容需登入查看的頁面 link Fahs Breanne Valerie Solanas The Feminist Press 2014 ISBN 978 1558618480 Faso Frank Lee Henry Actress defiant I m not sorry Daily News 49 297 New York 5 June 1968 Fleckinger Helene Carou Alain Faucon Teresa Mc Nulty Callisto Noteris Emilie SCUM Manifesto film texts and archives about the 1976 staged reading of extracts from Valerie Solanas s SCUM Manifesto by Carole Roussopoulos and Delphine Seyrig Paris Naima Editions 2018 ISBN 978 2 37440 100 3 Greer Germaine The Female Eunuch New York NY McGraw Hill 1971 Harding James Martin Forget Fame Valerie Solanas the Simplest Surrealist Act and the Re Assertion of Avant Garde Priorities Cutting Performances Collage Events Feminist Artists and the American Avant Garde Ann Arbor University of Michigan Press 2010 ISBN 978 0 472 11718 5 Heller Dana Shooting Solanas radical feminist history and the technology of failure Victoria Hesford Lisa Diedrich 编 Feminist Time against Nation Time Gender Politics and the Nation State in an Age of Permanent War Lanham MD Lexington 2008 ISBN 978 0 7391 1123 9 Hewitt Nancy A Solanas Valerie Susan Ware Stacy Lorraine Braukman 编 Notable American Women A Biographical Dictionary Completing the Twentieth Century Cambridge MA Belknap Press 2004 ISBN 0 674 01488 X Jansen Sharon L Reading Women s Worlds from Christine de Pizan to Doris Lessing A Guide to Six Centuries of Women Writers Imagining Rooms of Their Own New York Palgrave Macmillan 2011 ISBN 978 0 230 11066 3 Lord Catherine Wonder Waif Meets Super Neuter October 2010 132 132 135 163 S2CID 57566909 doi 10 1162 octo 2010 132 1 135 Lyon Janet Transforming manifestoes a second wave problematic Yale Journal of Criticism 1991 5 1 101 127 Marmorstein Robert SCUM goddess a winter memory of Valerie Solanis The Village Voice 13 June 1968 9 20 Penner James Pinks Pansies and Punks The Rhetoric of Masculinity in American Literary Culture Bloomington IN Indiana University Press 2011 ISBN 978 0 253 22251 0 Purkis Jon Bowen James Twenty First Century Anarchism Unorthodox Ideas for a New Millennium London Cassell 1997 ISBN 978 0304337422 Rich B Ruby Manifesto destiny drawing a bead on Valerie Solanas Voice Literary Supplement New York NY The Village Voice 1993 119 16 17 review of Valerie Solanas SCUM Manifesto Ronell Avitel Deviant payback the aims of Valerie Solanas SCUM Manifesto London Verso 2004 ISBN 1 85984 553 3 Singleton Carl Knight Jeffrey A Wildin Rowena The Sixties in America nbsp Pasadena CA Salem Press 1999 ISBN 0 89356 982 8 含有內容需登入查看的頁面 link Smith Howard Van der Horst Brian Scenes Valerie Solanas interview The Village Voice 25 July 1977 XXII 30 Solanas Valerie SCUM Manifesto Olympia Press 1968 Winkiel Laura The Sweet Assassin and the Performative Politics of SCUM Manifesto Patricia Juliana Smith 编 The Queer Sixties New York Routledge 1999 ISBN 978 0 415 92168 8 外部連結 编辑Smith Donny Valerie Solanas Bibliography 存档于互联网档案馆 存檔日期 2005 08 17 The SCUM Manifesto 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 人渣宣言 amp oldid 78227835, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，

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