所有動物都有一組 DNA 編碼,用於編碼染色體上的基因。 在人類、大多數哺乳動物和其他一些物種中,兩條染色體(稱為X染色體和Y染色體)編碼性別。在這些物種中,一個或多個基因存在於決定雄性的Y染色體上。 在這個過程中,X 染色體和 Y 染色體決定後代的性別,這通常是由於位於 Y 染色體上編碼雄性的基因。 後代有兩條性染色體:帶有兩條X染色體的後代會發育出雌性特徵,而帶有X和Y染色體的後代會發育出雄性特徵。
哺乳動物编辑
在大多數哺乳動物中,性別由 Y 染色體的存在決定。 這使得具有 XXY 和 XYY 核型的個體成為雄性,而具有 X 和 XXX 核型的個體成為雌性[1]。
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