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Microsoft Message Queuing

二月 09, 2023

Microsoft Message Queuing或MSMQ微软公司实现的一种消息队列，始于Windows NT 4与Windows 95。Windows Server 2016与Windows 10仍然包含这种组件。1999年起，Microsoft Embedded平台以及Windows CE 3.0也开始支持这一组件。[1]

简介

MSMQ作为一种消息协议，允许多服务器/多进程通信，即使不总是保持互联。而sockets与其他网络协议要求直连总是成立。

MSMQ从1997年开始可用[2]。

MSMQ是可靠分发消息。分发失败的消息保存在队列中直到目标可达时重发该消息。还支持安全与优先级的消息机制。可以创建死信队列（英语：Dead letter queue）用于调试。

MSMQ支持可持续性与不可持续性消息，使得性能与消息是否写到磁盘的一致性上可以权衡。不可持续性消息只能用于向非事务性队列发送快速消息。

MSMQ支持事务处理。允许多个动作发给多个队列中包装为单个事务。微软分布式事务协调器 (MSDTC) 支持对MSMQ或其他资源的事务访问。

MSMQ使用下述端口:

  • TCP: 1801
  • RPC: 135, 2101*, 2103*, 2105*
  • UDP: 3527, 1801
  • 这些端口可能增加11，如果RPC端口的初始选择被使用。端口135用于查询2xxx端口。[3]

版本历史

  • Version 1.0 (1997年5月). 支持Windows 95, Windows NT 4.0 SP3, Windows 98 与 Windows Me.
  • Version 2.0, 包含在Windows 2000中.
    • 新特性包括:[4] Support for registering public message queues in Active Directory, 128-bit encryption and digital certificate support, full COM support for message properties (achieving functional parity with the Win32 API function calls, full DNS path name support, improved performance in multi-threaded applications.
  • Version 3.0, 包含在Windows XP (专业版, 非家庭版) 与 Windows Server 2003.
    • 新特性包括:[5] Internet Messaging (referencing queues via HTTP, SOAP-formatted messages, MSMQ support for Internet Information Services), queue aliases, multicasting of messages, and additional support for programmatic maintenance and administration of queues and MSMQ itself.
  • Version 4.0, 包含在Windows Vista与Windows Server 2008.
    • 新特性包括:[6] Subqueues,[7] improved support for "poison messages" (messages which continually fail to be processed correctly by the receiver), and support for transactional receives of messages from a remote queue.
  • Version 5.0, 包含在Windows 7 与 Windows Server 2008 R2.
    • 新特性包括:[8] support for Secure Hash Algorithm 2.0 (SHA2) and all advanced hash algorithms that are supported in Windows 2008 R2; by default, weaker hash algorithms are disabled.
  • Version 6.0, 包含在Windows 8 与 Windows Server 2012.
  • Version 6.3, 包含在 Windows 8.1 与 Windows Server 2012 R2.

使用

C#例子： 

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Messaging; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Test {  public class QueueManger  {  /// <summary>  /// 创建MSMQ队列  /// </summary>  /// <param name="queuePath">队列路径</param>  /// <param name="transactional">是否事务队列</param>  public static void Createqueue(string queuePath, bool transactional = false)  {  try  {  //判断队列是否存在  if (!MessageQueue.Exists(queuePath))  {  MessageQueue.Create(queuePath);  Console.WriteLine(queuePath + "已成功创建！");  }  else  {  Console.WriteLine(queuePath + "已经存在！");  }  }  catch (MessageQueueException e)  {  Console.WriteLine(e.Message);  }  }  /// <summary>  /// 删除队列  /// </summary>  /// <param name="queuePath"></param>  public static void Deletequeue(string queuePath)  {  try  {  //判断队列是否存在  if (MessageQueue.Exists(queuePath))  {  MessageQueue.Delete(@".\private$\myQueue");  Console.WriteLine(queuePath + "已删除！");  }  else  {  Console.WriteLine(queuePath + "不存在！");  }  }  catch (MessageQueueException e)  {  Console.WriteLine(e.Message);  }  }  /// <summary>  /// 发送消息  /// </summary>  /// <typeparam name="T">用户数据类型</typeparam>  /// <param name="target">用户数据</param>  /// <param name="queuePath">队列名称</param>  /// <param name="tran"></param>  /// <returns></returns>  public static bool SendMessage<T>(T target, string queuePath, MessageQueueTransaction tran = null)  {  try  {  //连接到本地的队列  MessageQueue myQueue = new MessageQueue(queuePath);  System.Messaging.Message myMessage = new System.Messaging.Message();  myMessage.Body = target;  myMessage.Formatter = new XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(T) });  //发送消息到队列中  if (tran == null)  {  myQueue.Send(myMessage);  }  else  {  myQueue.Send(myMessage, tran);  }  Console.WriteLine("消息已成功发送到"+queuePath + "队列！");  return true;  }  catch (ArgumentException e)  {  Console.WriteLine(e.Message);  return false;  }  }  /// <summary>  /// 接收消息  /// </summary>  /// <typeparam name="T">用户的数据类型</typeparam>  /// <param name="queuePath">消息路径</param>  /// <returns>用户填充在消息当中的数据</returns>  public static T ReceiveMessage<T>(string queuePath,MessageQueueTransaction tran=null)  {  //连接到本地队列  MessageQueue myQueue = new MessageQueue(queuePath);  myQueue.Formatter = new XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(T) });  try  {  //从队列中接收消息  System.Messaging.Message myMessage = tran == null ? myQueue.Receive() : myQueue.Receive(tran);  return (T)myMessage.Body; //获取消息的内容  }  catch (MessageQueueException e)  {  Console.WriteLine(e.Message);  }  catch (InvalidCastException e)  {  Console.WriteLine(e.Message);  }  return default(T);  }  /// <summary>  /// 采用Peek方法接收消息  /// </summary>  /// <typeparam name="T">用户数据类型</typeparam>  /// <param name="queuePath">队列路径</param>  /// <returns>用户数据</returns>  public static T ReceiveMessageByPeek<T>(string queuePath)  {  //连接到本地队列  MessageQueue myQueue = new MessageQueue(queuePath);  myQueue.Formatter = new XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(T) });  try  {  //从队列中接收消息  System.Messaging.Message myMessage = myQueue.Peek();  return (T)myMessage.Body; //获取消息的内容  }  catch (MessageQueueException e)  {  Console.WriteLine(e.Message);  }  catch (InvalidCastException e)  {  Console.WriteLine(e.Message);  }  return default(T);  }  /// <summary>  /// 获取队列中的所有消息  /// </summary>  /// <typeparam name="T">用户数据类型</typeparam>  /// <param name="queuePath">队列路径</param>  /// <returns>用户数据集合</returns>  public static List<T> GetAllMessage<T>(string queuePath)  {  MessageQueue myQueue = new MessageQueue(queuePath);  myQueue.Formatter = new XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(T) });  try  {  Message[] msgArr= myQueue.GetAllMessages();  List<T> list=new List<T>();  msgArr.ToList().ForEach((o) =>   {  list.Add((T)o.Body);  });  return list;  }  catch(Exception e)  {  Console.WriteLine(e.Message);  }  return null;  }  } } namespace Test {  public class Student  {  /// <summary>  /// 年龄  /// </summary>  public int Age { get; set; }  /// <summary>  /// 姓名  /// </summary>  public string Name { get; set; }  } } namespace Test {  class Program  {  static void Main(string[] args)  {  string queuepath = @".\private$\myQueue";  //QueueManger.Createqueue(queuepath);  //Student stu = new Student() { Name="shaoshun",Age=18};  //QueueManger.SendMessage<Student>(stu, queuepath);  //Student stu= QueueManger.ReceiveMessageByPeek<Student>(queuepath);  //Student stu = QueueManger.ReceiveMessage<Student>(queuepath);  //Console.WriteLine(stu.Name);  QueueManger.Deletequeue(queuepath);  QueueManger.Createqueue(queuepath);  MessageQueueTransaction tran = new MessageQueueTransaction();  tran.Begin();  try  {  Student stu;  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)  {  stu=new Student(){Name="shaoshun"+i,Age=i};  QueueManger.SendMessage<Student>(stu, queuepath, tran);  if (i == 3)  {  throw new Exception();  }  }  tran.Commit();  }  catch  {  tran.Abort();  }  Console.ReadKey();  }  } }

C语言调用Windows API例子： 

#include "windows.h"  #include "mq.h"  #include "tchar.h"  #define BUFLEN = 256 ;    HRESULT CreateMSMQQueue(   LPWSTR wszPathName,   PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR pSecurityDescriptor,   LPWSTR wszOutFormatName,   DWORD *pdwOutFormatNameLength   )  {     // Define the maximum number of queue properties.   const int NUMBEROFPROPERTIES = 2;     // Define a queue property structure and the structures needed to initialize it.   MQQUEUEPROPS QueueProps;   MQPROPVARIANT aQueuePropVar[NUMBEROFPROPERTIES];   QUEUEPROPID aQueuePropId[NUMBEROFPROPERTIES];   HRESULT aQueueStatus[NUMBEROFPROPERTIES];   HRESULT hr = MQ_OK;     // Validate the input parameters.   if (wszPathName == NULL || wszOutFormatName == NULL || pdwOutFormatNameLength == NULL)   {   return MQ_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER;   }     // Set queue properties.   DWORD cPropId = 0;   aQueuePropId[cPropId] = PROPID_Q_PATHNAME;   aQueuePropVar[cPropId].vt = VT_LPWSTR;   aQueuePropVar[cPropId].pwszVal = wszPathName;   cPropId++;     WCHAR wszLabel[MQ_MAX_Q_LABEL_LEN] = L"Test Queue";   aQueuePropId[cPropId] = PROPID_Q_LABEL;   aQueuePropVar[cPropId].vt = VT_LPWSTR;   aQueuePropVar[cPropId].pwszVal = wszLabel;   cPropId++;     // Initialize the MQQUEUEPROPS structure.   QueueProps.cProp = cPropId; // Number of properties   QueueProps.aPropID = aQueuePropId; // IDs of the queue properties   QueueProps.aPropVar = aQueuePropVar; // Values of the queue properties   QueueProps.aStatus = aQueueStatus; // Pointer to the return status     // Call MQCreateQueue to create the queue.   WCHAR wszFormatNameBuffer[BUFLEN];   DWORD dwFormatNameBufferLength = BUFLEN;   hr = MQCreateQueue(pSecurityDescriptor, // Security descriptor   &QueueProps, // Address of queue property structure   wszFormatNameBuffer, // Pointer to format name buffer   &dwFormatNameBufferLength); // Pointer to receive the queue's format name length in Unicode characters not bytes.     // Return the format name if the queue is created successfully.   if (hr == MQ_OK || hr == MQ_INFORMATION_PROPERTY)   {   if (*pdwOutFormatNameLength >= dwFormatNameBufferLength)   {   wcsncpy_s(wszOutFormatName, *pdwOutFormatNameLength - 1, wszFormatNameBuffer, _TRUNCATE);   // ************************************   // You must copy wszFormatNameBuffer into the   // wszOutFormatName buffer.   // ************************************   wszOutFormatName[*pdwOutFormatNameLength - 1] = L'\0';   *pdwOutFormatNameLength = dwFormatNameBufferLength;   }   else   {   wprintf(L"The queue was created, but its format name cannot be returned.\n");   }   }   return hr;  }

参见

参考文献

  1. ^ Microsoft Windows CE 3.0 Message Queuing Service. Microsoft Developer Network. [2009-11-25]. （原始内容于2018-10-11）. 
  2. ^ InformationWeek News Connects The Business Technology Community. Informationweek.com (2014-02-04). Retrieved on 2014-02-22. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  3. ^ TCP ports, UDP ports, and RPC ports that are used by Message Queuing （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Support.microsoft.com (2011-09-28). Retrieved on 2014-02-22.
  4. ^ New Features for Windows 2000. Message Queuing (MSMQ). Microsoft Developer Network. [2006-08-05]. [永久失效連結]
  5. ^ New Features for Windows XP and the Windows 2003 Family. Message Queuing (MSMQ). Microsoft Developer Network. [2006-08-05]. （原始内容存档于2007-12-24）. 
  6. ^ What's New in Message Queuing 4.0. Message Queuing (MSMQ). Microsoft Developer Network. [2006-08-05]. （原始内容存档于2007-02-12）. 
  7. ^ Sub-queues in MSMQ 4.0. [2018-10-11]. （原始内容于2008-01-30）. 
  8. ^ What's New in Message Queuing 5.0. Message Queuing (MSMQ). Microsoft TechNet. [2006-08-05]. （原始内容于2017-08-26）. 

外部链接

二月 09, 2023
microsoft, message, queuing, 或msmq微软公司实现的一种消息队列, 始于windows, 4与windows, windows, server, 2016与windows, 10仍然包含这种组件, 1999年起, microsoft, embedded平台以及windows, 0也开始支持这一组件, 目录, 简介, 版本历史, 使用, 参见, 参考文献, 外部链接简介, 编辑msmq作为一种消息协议, 允许多服务器, 多进程通信, 即使不总是保持互联, 而sockets与其他网络协议要. Microsoft Message Queuing或MSMQ微软公司实现的一种消息队列 始于Windows NT 4与Windows 95 Windows Server 2016与Windows 10仍然包含这种组件 1999年起 Microsoft Embedded平台以及Windows CE 3 0也开始支持这一组件 1 目录 1 简介 2 版本历史 3 使用 4 参见 5 参考文献 6 外部链接简介 编辑MSMQ作为一种消息协议 允许多服务器 多进程通信 即使不总是保持互联 而sockets与其他网络协议要求直连总是成立 MSMQ从1997年开始可用 2 MSMQ是可靠分发消息 分发失败的消息保存在队列中直到目标可达时重发该消息 还支持安全与优先级的消息机制 可以创建死信队列 英语 Dead letter queue 用于调试 MSMQ支持可持续性与不可持续性消息 使得性能与消息是否写到磁盘的一致性上可以权衡 不可持续性消息只能用于向非事务性队列发送快速消息 MSMQ支持事务处理 允许多个动作发给多个队列中包装为单个事务 微软分布式事务协调器 MSDTC 支持对MSMQ或其他资源的事务访问 MSMQ使用下述端口 TCP 1801 RPC 135 2101 2103 2105 UDP 3527 1801 这些端口可能增加11 如果RPC端口的初始选择被使用 端口135用于查询2xxx端口 3 版本历史 编辑Version 1 0 1997年5月 支持Windows 95 Windows NT 4 0 SP3 Windows 98 与 Windows Me Version 2 0 包含在Windows 2000中 新特性包括 4 Support for registering public message queues in Active Directory 128 bit encryption and digital certificate support full COM support for message properties achieving functional parity with the Win32 API function calls full DNS path name support improved performance in multi threaded applications Version 3 0 包含在Windows XP 专业版 非家庭版 与 Windows Server 2003 新特性包括 5 Internet Messaging referencing queues via HTTP SOAP formatted messages MSMQ support for Internet Information Services queue aliases multicasting of messages and additional support for programmatic maintenance and administration of queues and MSMQ itself Version 4 0 包含在Windows Vista与Windows Server 2008 新特性包括 6 Subqueues 7 improved support for poison messages messages which continually fail to be processed correctly by the receiver and support for transactional receives of messages from a remote queue Version 5 0 包含在Windows 7 与 Windows Server 2008 R2 新特性包括 8 support for Secure Hash Algorithm 2 0 SHA2 and all advanced hash algorithms that are supported in Windows 2008 R2 by default weaker hash algorithms are disabled Version 6 0 包含在Windows 8 与 Windows Server 2012 Version 6 3 包含在 Windows 8 1 与 Windows Server 2012 R2 使用 编辑C 例子 using System using System Collections Generic using System Linq using System Messaging using System Text using System Threading Tasks namespace Test public class QueueManger lt summary gt 创建MSMQ队列 lt summary gt lt param name queuePath gt 队列路径 lt param gt lt param name transactional gt 是否事务队列 lt param gt public static void Createqueue string queuePath bool transactional false try 判断队列是否存在 if MessageQueue Exists queuePath MessageQueue Create queuePath Console WriteLine queuePath 已成功创建 else Console WriteLine queuePath 已经存在 catch MessageQueueException e Console WriteLine e Message lt summary gt 删除队列 lt summary gt lt param name queuePath gt lt param gt public static void Deletequeue string queuePath try 判断队列是否存在 if MessageQueue Exists queuePath MessageQueue Delete private myQueue Console WriteLine queuePath 已删除 else Console WriteLine queuePath 不存在 catch MessageQueueException e Console WriteLine e Message lt summary gt 发送消息 lt summary gt lt typeparam name T gt 用户数据类型 lt typeparam gt lt param name target gt 用户数据 lt param gt lt param name queuePath gt 队列名称 lt param gt lt param name tran gt lt param gt lt returns gt lt returns gt public static bool SendMessage lt T gt T target string queuePath MessageQueueTransaction tran null try 连接到本地的队列 MessageQueue myQueue new MessageQueue queuePath System Messaging Message myMessage new System Messaging Message myMessage Body target myMessage Formatter new XmlMessageFormatter new Type typeof T 发送消息到队列中 if tran null myQueue Send myMessage else myQueue Send myMessage tran Console WriteLine 消息已成功发送到 queuePath 队列 return true catch ArgumentException e Console WriteLine e Message return false lt summary gt 接收消息 lt summary gt lt typeparam name T gt 用户的数据类型 lt typeparam gt lt param name queuePath gt 消息路径 lt param gt lt returns gt 用户填充在消息当中的数据 lt returns gt public static T ReceiveMessage lt T gt string queuePath MessageQueueTransaction tran null 连接到本地队列 MessageQueue myQueue new MessageQueue queuePath myQueue Formatter new XmlMessageFormatter new Type typeof T try 从队列中接收消息 System Messaging Message myMessage tran null myQueue Receive myQueue Receive tran return T myMessage Body 获取消息的内容 catch MessageQueueException e Console WriteLine e Message catch InvalidCastException e Console WriteLine e Message return default T lt summary gt 采用Peek方法接收消息 lt summary gt lt typeparam name T gt 用户数据类型 lt typeparam gt lt param name queuePath gt 队列路径 lt param gt lt returns gt 用户数据 lt returns gt public static T ReceiveMessageByPeek lt T gt string queuePath 连接到本地队列 MessageQueue myQueue new MessageQueue queuePath myQueue Formatter new XmlMessageFormatter new Type typeof T try 从队列中接收消息 System Messaging Message myMessage myQueue Peek return T myMessage Body 获取消息的内容 catch MessageQueueException e Console WriteLine e Message catch InvalidCastException e Console WriteLine e Message return default T lt summary gt 获取队列中的所有消息 lt summary gt lt typeparam name T gt 用户数据类型 lt typeparam gt lt param name queuePath gt 队列路径 lt param gt lt returns gt 用户数据集合 lt returns gt public static List lt T gt GetAllMessage lt T gt string queuePath MessageQueue myQueue new MessageQueue queuePath myQueue Formatter new XmlMessageFormatter new Type typeof T try Message msgArr myQueue GetAllMessages List lt T gt list new List lt T gt msgArr ToList ForEach o gt list Add T o Body return list catch Exception e Console WriteLine e Message return null namespace Test public class Student lt summary gt 年龄 lt summary gt public int Age get set lt summary gt 姓名 lt summary gt public string Name get set namespace Test class Program static void Main string args string queuepath private myQueue QueueManger Createqueue queuepath Student stu new Student Name shaoshun Age 18 QueueManger SendMessage lt Student gt stu queuepath Student stu QueueManger ReceiveMessageByPeek lt Student gt queuepath Student stu QueueManger ReceiveMessage lt Student gt queuepath Console WriteLine stu Name QueueManger Deletequeue queuepath QueueManger Createqueue queuepath MessageQueueTransaction tran new MessageQueueTransaction tran Begin try Student stu for int i 0 i lt 4 i stu new Student Name shaoshun i Age i QueueManger SendMessage lt Student gt stu queuepath tran if i 3 throw new Exception tran Commit catch tran Abort Console ReadKey C语言调用Windows API例子 include windows h include mq h include tchar h define BUFLEN 256 HRESULT CreateMSMQQueue LPWSTR wszPathName PSECURITY DESCRIPTOR pSecurityDescriptor LPWSTR wszOutFormatName DWORD pdwOutFormatNameLength Define the maximum number of queue properties const int NUMBEROFPROPERTIES 2 Define a queue property structure and the structures needed to initialize it MQQUEUEPROPS QueueProps MQPROPVARIANT aQueuePropVar NUMBEROFPROPERTIES QUEUEPROPID aQueuePropId NUMBEROFPROPERTIES HRESULT aQueueStatus NUMBEROFPROPERTIES HRESULT hr MQ OK Validate the input parameters if wszPathName NULL wszOutFormatName NULL pdwOutFormatNameLength NULL return MQ ERROR INVALID PARAMETER Set queue properties DWORD cPropId 0 aQueuePropId cPropId PROPID Q PATHNAME aQueuePropVar cPropId vt VT LPWSTR aQueuePropVar cPropId pwszVal wszPathName cPropId WCHAR wszLabel MQ MAX Q LABEL LEN L Test Queue aQueuePropId cPropId PROPID Q LABEL aQueuePropVar cPropId vt VT LPWSTR aQueuePropVar cPropId pwszVal wszLabel cPropId Initialize the MQQUEUEPROPS structure QueueProps cProp cPropId Number of properties QueueProps aPropID aQueuePropId IDs of the queue properties QueueProps aPropVar aQueuePropVar Values of the queue properties QueueProps aStatus aQueueStatus Pointer to the return status Call MQCreateQueue to create the queue WCHAR wszFormatNameBuffer BUFLEN DWORD dwFormatNameBufferLength BUFLEN hr MQCreateQueue pSecurityDescriptor Security descriptor amp QueueProps Address of queue property structure wszFormatNameBuffer Pointer to format name buffer amp dwFormatNameBufferLength Pointer to receive the queue s format name length in Unicode characters not bytes Return the format name if the queue is created successfully if hr MQ OK hr MQ INFORMATION PROPERTY if pdwOutFormatNameLength gt dwFormatNameBufferLength wcsncpy s wszOutFormatName pdwOutFormatNameLength 1 wszFormatNameBuffer TRUNCATE You must copy wszFormatNameBuffer into the wszOutFormatName buffer wszOutFormatName pdwOutFormatNameLength 1 L 0 pdwOutFormatNameLength dwFormatNameBufferLength else wprintf L The queue was created but its format name cannot be returned n return hr 参见 编辑参考文献 编辑 Microsoft Windows CE 3 0 Message Queuing Service Microsoft Developer Network 2009 11 25 原始内容存档于2018 10 11 InformationWeek News Connects The Business Technology Community Informationweek com 2014 02 04 Retrieved on 2014 02 22 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 TCP ports UDP ports and RPC ports that are used by Message Queuing 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Support microsoft com 2011 09 28 Retrieved on 2014 02 22 New Features for Windows 2000 Message Queuing MSMQ Microsoft Developer Network 2006 08 05 永久失效連結 New Features for Windows XP and the Windows 2003 Family Message Queuing MSMQ Microsoft Developer Network 2006 08 05 原始内容存档于2007 12 24 What s New in Message Queuing 4 0 Message Queuing MSMQ Microsoft Developer Network 2006 08 05 原始内容存档于2007 02 12 Sub queues in MSMQ 4 0 2018 10 11 原始内容存档于2008 01 30 What s New in Message Queuing 5 0 Message Queuing MSMQ Microsoft TechNet 2006 08 05 原始内容存档于2017 08 26 外部链接 编辑MSDN documentation 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title Microsoft Message Queuing amp oldid 64174274, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，

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