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维基百科

齊特琴

齊特琴(德語:Zither)是一種既是指弦樂器中一個類別的樂器,已同時該類別某些特定樂器的名稱。德語的本名zither字源來自拉丁詞語 cithara,跟現代英語吉他(guitar)同源。結構演化自中世紀撥弦樂瑟(psaltery),流行於奧地利蒂羅爾巴伐利亞。琴由一個形狀扁平的木質共鳴箱,再加上4或5根的旋律弦和37根的伴奏弦所組成;旋律弦靠向彈奏者,用左手手指上的撥子彈奏。伴奏弦則可用任何一隻手的手指彈奏。齊特琴常在輕歌劇中表現情節的鄉土氣息。[1][2][3]

齊特琴,锦瑟
一個典型的齊特琴
弦樂器
分類絃樂器(一般分類法)
絃鳴樂器薩克斯分類法
H-S分類314.122-4
(絃線橫放、附盒形音箱的全板型齊特琴,使用琴鎚)
起源16至17世紀
相關樂器
桑圖爾德西馬琴英语Dulcimer欽巴龍匈牙利语Cimbalom
《維也納森林的故事圓舞曲》齊特琴獨奏 (1:04)
Musopen提供

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調音 编辑

齊特琴的調音表如下:

ZITHER TUNING CHART
FRETTED UNFRETTED
STRING Melody Accompaniment Basses Countrabasses
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
PITCH Munich A4 A4 D4 G3 C3 Eb4 Bb3 F4 C4 G3 D4 A3 E4 B3 F#3 C#4 G#3 Eb3 Bb2 F3 C3 G2 D3 A2 E3 B2 F#2 C#3 G#2 F2 E2 Eb2 D2 C#2 C2 B1 Bb1 A1 G#1 G1 F#1 F1
Viennese A4 D4 G3 G3 C3 Ab4 Eb4 Bb3 F4 C4 G4 D4 A3 E4 B3 F#4 C#4 G#3 Eb2 Bb2 F2 C3 G2 D2 A2 E2 B2 F#2 C#2 G#2 C2 B1 Bb1 A1 G# G1 F#1 F1
Notes: Basic Concert Alpine

參考來源 编辑

  1. ^ Strings on a table. Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster. 2013 [2013-10-26]. (原始内容于2020-10-30). 
  2. ^ zither. Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House, Inc. 2013 [2013-10-26]. (原始内容于2016-03-04). 
  3. ^ zither. Oxford Dictionaries Online. Oxford University Press. 2013 [2013-10-26]. (原始内容于2016-08-04). 

文獻 编辑

  • Dearling, Robert; Stringed Instruments; Chelsea House Publishing (2000). ISBN 0791060926
  • Marcuse, Sibyl; Musical Instruments: A Comprehensive Dictionary; W. W. Norton & Company (1975). ISBN 0393007588
  • Mühlemann, Lorenz; Die Zither in der Schweiz: Von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart ; Turtleback (1995). ISBN 3-729-60584-4 (German)
  • Ralston, Jack L.; A Selective Bibliography for the Zither; University of Missouri (1981). ASIN: B00072D9GI
  • Schuler, Manfred; Zither In Der Volksmusik , vol. 1 & 2; Unbekannt . ISBN 3-853-66837-2, 3-708-40155-7 (German)

外部連結 编辑

  • "Fretless Zithers" at MinerMusic.com (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) English language site dedicated to the chord zither. The authors present arguments for the instrument to be renamed 'fretless zither'. Contains some dead links.
  • "Zither collection of the University of Leipzig" (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) German language site with pictures of vintage instruments including bowed zithers (here called Streichzithern)
  • "Zither US" (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) English language site based in the U.S.A.. Contains biographies of early performers and personalities associated with the history of concert and Alpine zithers, mainly in the U.S. Also contacts for resources like instrument maintenance, enthusiast clubs and events.
  • German language site describing transition from drone zither to 19th century Mittenwald and Salzburg concert zither
  • von Werner Wölfing. German language site with photographs, history and different types of zither, links to further information and resources, zither makers and players
  • Anton Karas page by his Grandson (English version) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) von Werner Chudik. Contains article by Günter Wittenstein discussing the zither tuning used by Karas
  • Ruth Welcome Discography (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆

齊特琴, 德語, zither, 是一種既是指弦樂器中一個類別的樂器, 已同時該類別某些特定樂器的名稱, 德語的本名zither字源來自拉丁詞語, cithara, 跟現代英語吉他, guitar, 同源, 結構演化自中世紀撥弦樂瑟, psaltery, 流行於奧地利的蒂羅爾和巴伐利亞, 琴由一個形狀扁平的木質共鳴箱, 再加上4或5根的旋律弦和37根的伴奏弦所組成, 旋律弦靠向彈奏者, 用左手手指上的撥子彈奏, 伴奏弦則可用任何一隻手的手指彈奏, 常在輕歌劇中表現情節的鄉土氣息, 锦瑟一個典型的弦樂器分類絃樂器, . 齊特琴 德語 Zither 是一種既是指弦樂器中一個類別的樂器 已同時該類別某些特定樂器的名稱 德語的本名zither字源來自拉丁詞語 cithara 跟現代英語吉他 guitar 同源 結構演化自中世紀撥弦樂瑟 psaltery 流行於奧地利的蒂羅爾和巴伐利亞 琴由一個形狀扁平的木質共鳴箱 再加上4或5根的旋律弦和37根的伴奏弦所組成 旋律弦靠向彈奏者 用左手手指上的撥子彈奏 伴奏弦則可用任何一隻手的手指彈奏 齊特琴常在輕歌劇中表現情節的鄉土氣息 1 2 3 齊特琴 锦瑟一個典型的齊特琴弦樂器分類絃樂器 一般分類法 絃鳴樂器 薩克斯分類法 H S分類314 122 4 絃線橫放 附盒形音箱的全板型齊特琴 使用琴鎚 起源16至17世紀相關樂器箏 桑圖爾 德西馬琴 英语 Dulcimer 欽巴龍 匈牙利语 Cimbalom 維也納森林的故事圓舞曲 齊特琴獨奏 1 04 source source 由Musopen提供播放此文件有问题 请参见媒體幫助 目录 1 調音 2 參考來源 3 文獻 4 外部連結調音 编辑齊特琴的調音表如下 ZITHER TUNING CHARTFRETTED UNFRETTEDSTRING Melody Accompaniment Basses Countrabasses1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42PITCH Munich A4 A4 D4 G3 C3 Eb4 Bb3 F4 C4 G3 D4 A3 E4 B3 F 3 C 4 G 3 Eb3 Bb2 F3 C3 G2 D3 A2 E3 B2 F 2 C 3 G 2 F2 E2 Eb2 D2 C 2 C2 B1 Bb1 A1 G 1 G1 F 1 F1Viennese A4 D4 G3 G3 C3 Ab4 Eb4 Bb3 F4 C4 G4 D4 A3 E4 B3 F 4 C 4 G 3 Eb2 Bb2 F2 C3 G2 D2 A2 E2 B2 F 2 C 2 G 2 C2 B1 Bb1 A1 G G1 F 1 F1Notes Basic Concert Alpine參考來源 编辑 Strings on a table Merriam Webster com Merriam Webster 2013 2013 10 26 原始内容存档于2020 10 30 zither Dictionary com Unabridged Random House Inc 2013 2013 10 26 原始内容存档于2016 03 04 zither Oxford Dictionaries Online Oxford University Press 2013 2013 10 26 原始内容存档于2016 08 04 文獻 编辑Dearling Robert Stringed Instruments Chelsea House Publishing 2000 ISBN 0791060926 Marcuse Sibyl Musical Instruments A Comprehensive Dictionary W W Norton amp Company 1975 ISBN 0393007588 Muhlemann Lorenz Die Zither in der Schweiz Von den Anfangen bis zur Gegenwart Turtleback 1995 ISBN 3 729 60584 4 German Ralston Jack L A Selective Bibliography for the Zither University of Missouri 1981 ASIN B00072D9GI Schuler Manfred Zither In Der Volksmusik vol 1 amp 2 Unbekannt ISBN 3 853 66837 2 3 708 40155 7 German 外部連結 编辑维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源 齊特琴英文维基文库中的 1911年版大英百科全書 條目 齊特琴 Fretless Zithers at MinerMusic com 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 English language site dedicated to the chord zither The authors present arguments for the instrument to be renamed fretless zither Contains some dead links Zither collection of the University of Leipzig 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 German language site with pictures of vintage instruments including bowed zithers here called Streichzithern Zither US 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 English language site based in the U S A Contains biographies of early performers and personalities associated with the history of concert and Alpine zithers mainly in the U S Also contacts for resources like instrument maintenance enthusiast clubs and events Zithernhistorie German language site describing transition from drone zither to 19th century Mittenwald and Salzburg concert zither Zitherseite von Werner Wolfing German language site with photographs history and different types of zither links to further information and resources zither makers and players Anton Karas page by his Grandson English version 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 von Werner Chudik Contains article by Gunter Wittenstein discussing the zither tuning used by Karas Ruth Welcome Discography 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 齊特琴 amp oldid 73022455, 维基百科,wiki,书籍,书籍,图书馆,

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