维基百科
達爾文獎章
達爾文獎章（Darwin Medal）是英國皇家學會每兩年頒發一次的獎項，表揚“查爾斯·達爾文對於生物學領域公認貢獻，特別是進化、種群生物學、生物生物學和生物多樣性方面”。該獎項於1890年首次頒發，旨在紀念查爾斯·達爾文，得主可獲得2,000英鎊獎金（截至2016年）[1]。
歷屆得主
| 年度 | 得主 | 得奖原因 |
|---|---|---|
| 1890年 | 阿尔弗雷德·拉塞尔·华莱士 | "For his independent origination of the theory of the origin of species by natural selection." |
| 1892年 | 约瑟夫·道尔顿·胡克 | "On account of his important contributions to the progress of systematic botany, as evidenced by the "Genera Plantarum" and the "Flora Indica"; but more especially on account of his intimate association with Mr. Darwin in the studies preliminary to the "Origin of Species"." |
| 1894年 | 托马斯·亨利·赫胥黎 | "For his researches in comparative anatomy, and especially for his intimate association with Mr. Darwin in relation to the "Origin of Species"." |
| 1896年 | "" | |
| 1898年 | 卡尔·皮尔逊 | "For his work on the quantitative treatment of biological problems." |
| 1900年 | 恩斯特·海克尔 | "For his long-continued and highly important work in zoology all of which has been inspired by the spirit of Darwinism." |
| 1902年 | 法蘭西斯·高爾頓 | "For his numerous contributions to the exact study of heredity & variation contained in "Hereditary Genius", "Natural Inheritance", and other writings." |
| 1904年 | 威廉·贝特森 | "For his important contribution to the theory of organic evolution by his researches on variation and heredity." |
| 1906年 | 许霍·德弗里斯 | "On the ground of the significance and extent of his experimental investigations in heredity & Variation." |
| 1908年 | 奥古斯特·魏斯曼 | "On the ground of his eminent services in support of the doctrine of evolution by means of natural selection." |
| 1910年 | "" | |
| 1912年 | 弗朗西斯·达尔文 | "On the ground of his work in conjunction with Charles Darwin, and his researches in vegetable physiology." |
| 1914年 | 爱德华·巴格诺尔·波尔顿 | "On the ground of his researches in heredity." |
| 1916年 | "" | |
| 1918年 | "" | |
| 1920年 | "" | |
| 1922年 | "" | |
| 1924年 | 托马斯·亨特·摩尔根 | "For his valuable work in zoology and more especially his researches on heredity and cytology." |
| 1926年 | 达金菲尔德·亨利·斯科特 | "For his contributions to palaeophytology, particularly in relation to the period of coal." |
| 1928年 | "" | |
| 1930年 | 恩斯特·施密特 | "For his work on extended oceanographical expeditions; and for his genetic studies in animals and plants." |
| 1932年 | 卡尔·科伦斯 | "As one of the three independent discoverers of Mendels publications; and for his distinguished researches in genetics." |
| 1934年 | 阿尔伯特·查尔斯·苏厄德 | "In recognition of his work as a palaeobotanist." |
| 1936年 | "" | |
| 1938年 | "" | |
| 1940年 | 詹姆斯·彼得·希尔 | "For his contributions to the solution of problems bearing on the inter-relationships of the main groups of the Mammalia and on the phylogenetic history of the primates, a subject with which Charles Darwin himself was much concerned." |
| 1942年 | D·M·S·沃特森 | "In recognition of his researches on primitive fishes and amphibians which have much advanced the knowledge of the evolution of these groups of animals." |
| 1944年 | 约翰·斯坦利·加德纳 | "In recognition of his work on coral reefs and on the organisms associated with such habitats." |
| 1946年 | 达西·汤普森 | "In recognition of his outstanding contributions to the development of biology." |
| 1948年 | 羅納德·愛爾默·費雪 | "In recognition of his distinguished contributions to the theory of natural selection, the concept of its gene complex and the evolution of dominance." |
| 1950年 | "" | |
| 1952年 | 约翰·伯顿·桑德森·霍尔丹 | "In recognition of his initiation of the modern phase of the study of the evolution of living populations." |
| 1954年 | E·B·福特 | "In recognition of his distinguished contributions to the genetical theory of evolution by natural selection, particularly in natural populations." |
| 1956年 | 朱利安·赫胥黎 | "In recognition of his distinguished contributions to the study and theory of evolution." |
| 1958年 | "" | |
| 1960年 | "" | |
| 1962年 | 喬治·蓋洛德·辛普森 | "In recognition of his distinguished contributions to general evolutionary theory, based on a profound study of palaeontology, particularly of vertebrates." |
| 1964年 | "" | |
| 1966年 | 哈罗德·M·福克斯 | "In recognition of his distinguished and extensive contributions in the field of invertebrate zoology and to our understanding of general biological phenomena." |
| 1968年 | "" | |
| 1970年 | 查尔斯·艾尔顿 | "In recognition of the basic concepts he has contributed to the study of animal ecology which, with his foundation of the Bureau of Animal Population, have had international impact." |
| 1972年 | 戴维·赖克 | "In recognition of his distinguished and numerous contributions to ornithology and to our understanding of evolutionary mechanisms." |
| 1974年 | "" | |
| 1976年 | "" | |
| 1978年 | "" | |
| 1980年 | 休厄尔·赖特 | "In recognition of his outstanding contributions to genetics and evolutionary theory." |
| 1984年 | 恩斯特·瓦尔特·迈尔 | "In recognition of his distinguished contributions to evolutionary biology." |
| 1986年 | 约翰·梅纳德·史密斯 | "In recognition of his outstanding success in combining mathematics with biology to enhance our understanding of evolution, in particular the evolution of sex." |
| 1988年 | 威廉·唐納·漢彌爾頓 | "In recognition of his distinguished work on evolutionary theory. His contributions include the theory of kin selection to account for altruistic behaviour and the theoretical demonstration of a link between disease resistance and the evolution of sex." |
| 1992年 | 木村資生 | "Distinguished for his work on molecular evolution, in particular on the role of stochastic events in determining the rate of evolution." |
| 1994年 | 彼得·劳伦斯 | "In recognition of his analysis of pattern formation during insect segmentation, and of his contribution to understanding how genetic processes specify spatial information." |
| 1996年 | 约翰·苏尔斯顿 | "In recognition of his leadership in the study of genome analysis with the potential to have a profound impact on the whole of biology." |
| 2004年 | 恩里科·科恩 | "for their ground-breaking discoveries about the control of flower development. They have combined molecular and genetic approaches to answer some of Darwins key questions about the natural variation of floral form and the evolution of floral development." |
| 罗斯玛丽·卡彭特 | ||
| 2006年 | 尼克·巴頓 | "for his major and extensive contributions to evolutionary biology, characterised by the application of sophisticated mathematical analysis but focussed on developing biological understanding rather than mathematical niceties." |
| 2010年 | 布莱恩·坎贝尔·克拉克 | "for his original and influential contributions to our understanding of the genetic basis of evolution." |
| 2014年 | 约翰·D·萨瑟兰 | "for his novel and convincing work on prebiotic chemistry, in particular his solution to the central problem of nucleoside synthesis." |
| 2016年 | 卡洛琳·迪恩 | "for her work addressing fundamental questions in the perception of temperature cues and how modifications in epigenetic mechanisms play an important role in adaptation." |
參考資料
- ^ Darwin Medal. The Royal Society. [2016-06-16]. （原始内容存档于2013-07-14）.
- Award winners : Darwin Medal. The Royal Society. [2016-07-21]. （原始内容于2019-04-07）.