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维基百科

维也纳学派

二月 01, 2023

提示：此条目的主题不是奧地利學派。

维也纳学派（德語：Wiener Kreis），1920年代围绕维也纳大学哲学系发展出来的一个自然科学和哲学的学派。

维也纳学派是发源于20世纪20年代奥地利首都维也纳的一个学术团体。其成员主要包括领袖人物石里克、鲁道夫·卡尔纳普、纽拉特、赫伯特·费格尔（英语：Herbert Feigl）、汉恩、伯格曼、弗兰克、韦斯曼（英语：Friedrich Waismann）、哥德尔，等等。他们多是当时欧洲大陆优秀的物理学家、数学家和逻辑学家。他们关注当时自然科学发展成果（如数学基础论、相对论与量子力学），并尝试在此基础上去探讨哲学和科学方法论等问题。

受到19世纪以来德国实证主义传统影响，加上在维特根斯坦《逻辑哲学论》思想启示下，维也纳学派提出了一系列有别传统的见解。大致来说，他们的（除哥德尔）中心主张有两点：一，拒绝形而上学，认为经验是知识唯一可靠来源；二，只有通过运用逻辑分析的方法，才可最终解决传统哲学问题。

20世纪20年代末以来，维也纳学派通过组织一系列国际会议与发行丛书，与欧美思想相近学者（如德国的柏林学派与波兰华沙学派）相联系，而逐渐发展成为声势浩大的逻辑实证主义[1]运动。然而，随着30年代中期纳粹主义在欧洲兴起，学派中的犹太的学者受到迫害，导致不少重要成员被迫逃亡海外。及至1933年汉恩病逝，1936年石里克遇刺身亡，维也纳学派最终走向解散的结局。尽管如此，逻辑实证主义思想却因此得在英美国家得到广泛传播，并促成了二战后分析哲学[2]成为英语世界的学术主流。

研究書目

原始文献

  • Carnap, Rudolf. "Überwindung der Metaphysik durch Logische Analyse der Sprache" in Erkenntnis, vol. 2, 1932 (English translation "The Elimination of Metaphysics Through Logical Analysis of Language" in Sarkar, Sahotra, ed., Logical empiricism at its peak: Schlick, Carnap, and Neurath, New York : Garland Pub., 1996, pp. 10–31)
  • Neurath, Otto and Carnap, Rudolf and Morris, Charles W. Foundations of the Unity of Sciences, vol. 1, Chicago : The University of Chicago Press, 1969.
  • Wissenschaftliche Weltauffassung. Der Wiener Kreis, 1929. English translation The Scientific Conception of the World. The Vienna Circle in Sarkar, Sahotra, ed., The Emergence of Logical Empiricism: from 1900 to the Vienna Circle, New York : Garland Publishing, 1996, pp. 321–340
  • Stadler, Friedrich and Uebel, Thomas (eds.): Wissenschaftliche Weltauffassung. Der Wiener Kreis. Hrsg. vom Verein Ernst Mach (1929). Reprint of the first edition. With translations into English, French, Spanish and Italian. Vienna: Springer, 2012.
  • Stöltzner, Michael and Uebel, Thomas (eds.). Wiener Kreis. Texte zur wissenschaftlichen Weltauffassung. Meiner, Hamburg, 2006, ISBN 3-7873-1811-9. (Anthology in German)

二次文献

  • Arnswald, Ulrich, Stadler, Friedrich and Weibel, Peter (ed.): Der Wiener Kreis – Aktualität in Wissenschaft, Literatur, Architektur und Kunst. Wien: LIT Verlag 2019. ISBN 978-3-643-50937-6
  • Ayer, Alfred Jules. Language, Truth and Logic. London, Victor Gollancz, 1936.
  • Ayer, Alfred Jules. Logical Positivism. Glencoe, Ill: Free Press, 1959.
  • Barone, Francesco. Il neopositivismo logico. Roma Bari: Laterza, 1986.
  • Bergmann, Gustav. The Metaphysics of Logical Positivism. New York: Longmans Green, 1954.
  • Cirera, Ramon. Carnap and the Vienna Circle: Empiricism and Logical Syntax. Atlanta, GA: Rodopi, 1994.
  • Damböck, Christian. Nachwort (PDF). Damböck, Christian (编). Der Wiener Kreis – Ausgewählte Texte. Stuttgart: Reclam. 2013: 227–244 [2021-03-21]. （原始内容 (PDF)于2020-11-25） （德语）. 
  • Frank, Philipp: Modern Science and its Philosophy. Cambridge, 1949.
  • Friedman, Michael, Reconsidering Logical Positivism. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
  • Gadol, Eugene T. Rationality and Science: A Memorial Volume for Moritz Schlick in Celebration of the Centennial of his Birth. Wien: Springer, 1982.
  • Geymonat, Ludovico. La nuova filosofia della natura in Germania. Torino, 1934.
  • Giere, Ronald N. and Richardson, Alan W. Origins of Logical Empiricism. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997.
  • Haller, Rudolf. Neopositivismus. Eine historische Einführung in die Philosophie des Wiener Kreises. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt, 1993, ISBN 3-534-06677-4. (German)
  • Holt, Jim. "Positive Thinking" (review of Karl Sigmund, Exact Thinking in Demented Times: The Vienna Circle and the Epic Quest for the Foundations of Science, Basic Books, 449 pp.), The New York Review of Books, vol. LXIV, no. 20 (21 December 2017), pp. 74–76.
  • Kraft, Victor. The Vienna Circle: The Origin of Neo-positivism, a Chapter in the History of Recent Philosophy. New York: Greenwood Press, 1953.
  • Limbeck, Christoph and Stadler, Friedrich (eds.). The Vienna Circle. Texts and Pictures of an Exhibition. Münster-Berlin-London 2015. ISBN 978-3-643-90649-6
  • McGuinness, Brian. Wittgenstein and the Vienna Circle: Conversations Recorded by Friedrich Waismann. Trans. by Joachim Schulte and Brian McGuinness. New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1979.
  • Parrini, Paolo; Salmon, Wesley C.; Salmon, Merrilee H. (ed.) Logical Empiricism – Historical and Contemporary Perspectives, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003.
  • Reisch, George. How the Cold War Transformed Philosophy of Science : To the Icy Slopes of Logic. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • Rescher, Nicholas (ed.). The Heritage of Logical Positivism. University Press of America, 1985.
  • Richardson, Alan W. "The Scientific World Conception. Logical Positivism", in: T. Baldwin (Hg.), The Cambridge History of Philosophy, 1870–1945, 2003, 391–400.
  • Richardson, Alan W. and Uebel, Thomas (ed.). The Cambridge Companion to Logical Empiricism. Cambridge, 2007.
  • Salmon, Wesley and Wolters, Gereon (ed.), Logic, Language, and the Structure of Scientific Theories: Proceedings of the Carnap-Reichenbach Centennial, University of Konstanz, 21–24 May 1991, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1994.
  • Sarkar, Sahotra. The Emergence of Logical Empiricism: From 1900 to the Vienna Circle. New York: Garland Publishing, 1996.
  • Sarkar, Sahotra. Logical Empiricism at its Peak: Schlick, Carnap, and Neurath. New York: Garland Pub., 1996.
  • Sarkar, Sahotra. Logical Empiricism and the Special Sciences: Reichenbach, Feigl, and Nagel. New York: Garland Pub., 1996.
  • Sarkar, Sahotra. Decline and Obsolescence of Logical Empiricism: Carnap vs. Quine and the Critics. New York: Garland Pub., 1996.
  • Sarkar, Sahotra. The Legacy of the Vienna Circle: Modern Reappraisals. New York: Garland Pub., 1996.
  • Spohn, Wolfgang (ed.), Erkenntnis Orientated: A Centennial Volume for Rudolf Carnap and Hans Reichenbach, Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991.
  • Stadler, Friedrich. The Vienna Circle. Studies in the Origins, Development, and Influence of Logical Empiricism. New York: Springer, 2001. – 2nd Edition: Dordrecht: Springer, 2015.
  • Stadler, Friedrich (ed.). The Vienna Circle and Logical Empiricism. Re-evaluation and Future Perspectives. Dordrecht – Boston London, Kluwer, 2003.
  • Uebel, Thomas. Vernunftkritik und Wissenschaft: Otto Neurath und der erste Wiener Kreis. Wien-New York 2000. (German)
  • Uebel, Thomas, "On the Austrian Roots of Logical Empiricism" in Logical Empiricism – Historical and contemporary Perspectives, ed. Paolo Parrini, Wesley C. Salmon, Merrilee H. Salmon, Pittsburgh : University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003, pp. 76–93.
  • 洪謙：《邏輯經驗主義論文集》（香港：三聯書店【香港】有限公司，1990）。
  • 韓林合編：《洪謙選集》（長春：吉林人民出版社，2005）。

外部链接

维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：维也纳学派
维基语录上的维也纳学派语录

注释

  1. ^ Logical Positivism
  2. ^ Analytic Philosophy

二月 01, 2023
维也纳学派, 提示, 此条目的主题不是奧地利學派, 德語, wiener, kreis, 1920年代围绕维也纳大学哲学系发展出来的一个自然科学和哲学的学派, 是发源于20世纪20年代奥地利首都维也纳的一个学术团体, 其成员主要包括领袖人物石里克, 鲁道夫, 卡尔纳普, 纽拉特, 赫伯特, 费格尔, 英语, herbert, feigl, 汉恩, 伯格曼, 弗兰克, 韦斯曼, 英语, friedrich, waismann, 哥德尔, 等等, 他们多是当时欧洲大陆优秀的物理学家, 数学家和逻辑学家, 他们关注当时自. 提示 此条目的主题不是奧地利學派 维也纳学派 德語 Wiener Kreis 1920年代围绕维也纳大学哲学系发展出来的一个自然科学和哲学的学派 维也纳学派是发源于20世纪20年代奥地利首都维也纳的一个学术团体 其成员主要包括领袖人物石里克 鲁道夫 卡尔纳普 纽拉特 赫伯特 费格尔 英语 Herbert Feigl 汉恩 伯格曼 弗兰克 韦斯曼 英语 Friedrich Waismann 哥德尔 等等 他们多是当时欧洲大陆优秀的物理学家 数学家和逻辑学家 他们关注当时自然科学发展成果 如数学基础论 相对论与量子力学 并尝试在此基础上去探讨哲学和科学方法论等问题 受到19世纪以来德国实证主义传统影响 加上在维特根斯坦 逻辑哲学论 思想启示下 维也纳学派提出了一系列有别传统的见解 大致来说 他们的 除哥德尔 中心主张有两点 一 拒绝形而上学 认为经验是知识唯一可靠来源 二 只有通过运用逻辑分析的方法 才可最终解决传统哲学问题 20世纪20年代末以来 维也纳学派通过组织一系列国际会议与发行丛书 与欧美思想相近学者 如德国的柏林学派与波兰华沙学派 相联系 而逐渐发展成为声势浩大的逻辑实证主义 1 运动 然而 随着30年代中期纳粹主义在欧洲兴起 学派中的犹太的学者受到迫害 导致不少重要成员被迫逃亡海外 及至1933年汉恩病逝 1936年石里克遇刺身亡 维也纳学派最终走向解散的结局 尽管如此 逻辑实证主义思想却因此得在英美国家得到广泛传播 并促成了二战后分析哲学 2 成为英语世界的学术主流 目录 1 研究書目 1 1 原始文献 1 2 二次文献 2 外部链接 3 注释研究書目 编辑原始文献 编辑 Carnap Rudolf Uberwindung der Metaphysik durch Logische Analyse der Sprache in Erkenntnis vol 2 1932 English translation The Elimination of Metaphysics Through Logical Analysis of Language in Sarkar Sahotra ed Logical empiricism at its peak Schlick Carnap and Neurath New York Garland Pub 1996 pp 10 31 Neurath Otto and Carnap Rudolf and Morris Charles W Foundations of the Unity of Sciences vol 1 Chicago The University of Chicago Press 1969 Wissenschaftliche Weltauffassung Der Wiener Kreis 1929 English translation The Scientific Conception of the World The Vienna Circle in Sarkar Sahotra ed The Emergence of Logical Empiricism from 1900 to the Vienna Circle New York Garland Publishing 1996 pp 321 340 Stadler Friedrich and Uebel Thomas eds Wissenschaftliche Weltauffassung Der Wiener Kreis Hrsg vom Verein Ernst Mach 1929 Reprint of the first edition With translations into English French Spanish and Italian Vienna Springer 2012 Stoltzner Michael and Uebel Thomas eds Wiener Kreis Texte zur wissenschaftlichen Weltauffassung Meiner Hamburg 2006 ISBN 3 7873 1811 9 Anthology in German 二次文献 编辑 Arnswald Ulrich Stadler Friedrich and Weibel Peter ed Der Wiener Kreis Aktualitat in Wissenschaft Literatur Architektur und Kunst Wien LIT Verlag 2019 ISBN 978 3 643 50937 6 Ayer Alfred Jules Language Truth and Logic London Victor Gollancz 1936 Ayer Alfred Jules Logical Positivism Glencoe Ill Free Press 1959 Barone Francesco Il neopositivismo logico Roma Bari Laterza 1986 Bergmann Gustav The Metaphysics of Logical Positivism New York Longmans Green 1954 Cirera Ramon Carnap and the Vienna Circle Empiricism and Logical Syntax Atlanta GA Rodopi 1994 Dambock Christian Nachwort PDF Dambock Christian 编 Der Wiener Kreis Ausgewahlte Texte Stuttgart Reclam 2013 227 244 2021 03 21 原始内容存档 PDF 于2020 11 25 德语 Frank Philipp Modern Science and its Philosophy Cambridge 1949 Friedman Michael Reconsidering Logical Positivism Cambridge UK Cambridge University Press 1999 Gadol Eugene T Rationality and Science A Memorial Volume for Moritz Schlick in Celebration of the Centennial of his Birth Wien Springer 1982 Geymonat Ludovico La nuova filosofia della natura in Germania Torino 1934 Giere Ronald N and Richardson Alan W Origins of Logical Empiricism Minneapolis University of Minnesota Press 1997 Haller Rudolf Neopositivismus Eine historische Einfuhrung in die Philosophie des Wiener Kreises Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft Darmstadt 1993 ISBN 3 534 06677 4 German Holt Jim Positive Thinking review of Karl Sigmund Exact Thinking in Demented Times The Vienna Circle and the Epic Quest for the Foundations of Science Basic Books 449 pp The New York Review of Books vol LXIV no 20 21 December 2017 pp 74 76 Kraft Victor The Vienna Circle The Origin of Neo positivism a Chapter in the History of Recent Philosophy New York Greenwood Press 1953 Limbeck Christoph and Stadler Friedrich eds The Vienna Circle Texts and Pictures of an Exhibition Munster Berlin London 2015 ISBN 978 3 643 90649 6 McGuinness Brian Wittgenstein and the Vienna Circle Conversations Recorded by Friedrich Waismann Trans by Joachim Schulte and Brian McGuinness New York Barnes amp Noble Books 1979 Parrini Paolo Salmon Wesley C Salmon Merrilee H ed Logical Empiricism Historical and Contemporary Perspectives Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh Press 2003 Reisch George How the Cold War Transformed Philosophy of Science To the Icy Slopes of Logic New York Cambridge University Press 2005 Rescher Nicholas ed The Heritage of Logical Positivism University Press of America 1985 Richardson Alan W The Scientific World Conception Logical Positivism in T Baldwin Hg The Cambridge History of Philosophy 1870 1945 2003 391 400 Richardson Alan W and Uebel Thomas ed The Cambridge Companion to Logical Empiricism Cambridge 2007 Salmon Wesley and Wolters Gereon ed Logic Language and the Structure of Scientific Theories Proceedings of the Carnap Reichenbach Centennial University of Konstanz 21 24 May 1991 Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh Press 1994 Sarkar Sahotra The Emergence of Logical Empiricism From 1900 to the Vienna Circle New York Garland Publishing 1996 Sarkar Sahotra Logical Empiricism at its Peak Schlick Carnap and Neurath New York Garland Pub 1996 Sarkar Sahotra Logical Empiricism and the Special Sciences Reichenbach Feigl and Nagel New York Garland Pub 1996 Sarkar Sahotra Decline and Obsolescence of Logical Empiricism Carnap vs Quine and the Critics New York Garland Pub 1996 Sarkar Sahotra The Legacy of the Vienna Circle Modern Reappraisals New York Garland Pub 1996 Spohn Wolfgang ed Erkenntnis Orientated A Centennial Volume for Rudolf Carnap and Hans Reichenbach Boston Kluwer Academic Publishers 1991 Stadler Friedrich The Vienna Circle Studies in the Origins Development and Influence of Logical Empiricism New York Springer 2001 2nd Edition Dordrecht Springer 2015 Stadler Friedrich ed The Vienna Circle and Logical Empiricism Re evaluation and Future Perspectives Dordrecht Boston London Kluwer 2003 Uebel Thomas Vernunftkritik und Wissenschaft Otto Neurath und der erste Wiener Kreis Wien New York 2000 German Uebel Thomas On the Austrian Roots of Logical Empiricism in Logical Empiricism Historical and contemporary Perspectives ed Paolo Parrini Wesley C Salmon Merrilee H Salmon Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh Press 2003 pp 76 93 洪謙 邏輯經驗主義論文集 香港 三聯書店 香港 有限公司 1990 韓林合編 洪謙選集 長春 吉林人民出版社 2005 外部链接 编辑维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源 维也纳学派维基语录上的维也纳学派语录Institute Vienna Circle 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Vienna Circle Society 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Vienna Circle Foundation Amsterdam 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Thomas Uebel Vienna Circle The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 注释 编辑 Logical Positivism Analytic Philosophy 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 维也纳学派 amp oldid 74531315, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，

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