^Rohde DLT, Olson S, Chang JT (2004) "Modelling the recent common ancestry of all living humans". Nature 431: 562-566.
^Cann, R.L., Stoneking, M., and Wilson, A.C., 1987, "Mitochondrial DNA and human evolution", Nature 325; pp 31–36. Online: Cann et al. (1987)
^Johnson. Darwinian Detectives: Revealing the Natural History of Genes and Genomes. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. 2007: 92. ISBN 9780195306750.
^Rohde, DLT , On the common ancestors of all living humans （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Submitted to American Journal of Physical Anthropology. (2005)
Excoffier, L., and Yang, Z., "Substitution Rate Variation Among Sites in Mitochondrial Hypervariable Region I of Humans and Chimpanzees", 1999, Mol. Biol. Evol. 16; pp 1357–1368
Kaessmann, H., and Pääbo, S.: "The genetical history of humans and the great apes". Journal of Internal Medicine 251: 1–18 (2002). pubmed
延伸閱讀
Laurence Loewe and Siegfried Scherer, "Mitochondrial Eve: The Plot Thickens," Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Vol. 12, 11 November 1997, p. 422.
Nicole Maca-Meyer , Ana M González , José M Larruga, Carlos Flores and Vicente M Cabrera (2001) "Major genomic mitochondrial lineages delineate early human expansions". BMC Genetics Biomed central （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Oppenheimer, Stephen. The Real Eve, Carroll & Graf; (September 9, 2004) ISBN 0-7867-1334-8
Vigilant, L., Pennington, R., Harpending, H., Kocher, T.D., Wilson, A.C., 1989, "Mitochondrial DNA Sequences in Single Hairs from a Southern African Population", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86; pp 9350-9354
Thomas J. Parsons et al., "A High Observed Substitution Rate in the Human Mitochondrial DNA Control Region," Nature Genetics, Vol. 15 April 1997, p. 365.
Vigilant, L., Stoneking, M., Harpending, H., Hawkes, K., Wilson, A.C., 1991, "African Populations and the Evolution of the Human Mitochondrial DNA", Science 253; pp 1503–1507 Pubmed
Watson E., Forster P., Richards M., Bandelt H.-J. (1997). "Mitochondrial Footprints of Human Expansions in Africa." American Journal of Human Genetics. 61: 691-704 pubmed
Spencer Wells The Journey of Man: A Genetic Odyssey, Princeton University Press, January 2003, hardcover, 246 pages, ISBN 0-691-11532-X
外部連結
Krishna Kunchithapadam, "What if anything is a Mitochondrial Eve?" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）: a simple explanation
粒線體夏娃, 英語, mitochondrial, 或稱最近粒線體共同祖先, 縮寫, mrca, 其粒線體dna存在於任何一位現存人類體內, 是所有現存人類的母系最近共同祖先, mrca, 而不是不加前提的所有人類最近共同祖先, 後者的後代是經由女性與男性而繁衍下來, 但只能追溯母系一方, 圖中圓形為女性, 方形為男性, 左側數字是世代編號, 上方字母是配對編號, 配深藍外圈者為, 由圖可見其他女性也有現存後代, 只是她們因為至少有一個世代的後代只有男性, 而中斷了粒線體dna的流傳, 的生存年代比最近共同祖先更遠. 粒線體夏娃 英語 Mitochondrial Eve 或稱最近粒線體共同祖先 縮寫 mt mrca 其粒線體DNA存在於任何一位現存人類體內 是所有現存人類的母系最近共同祖先 MRCA 而不是不加前提的所有人類最近共同祖先 後者的後代是經由女性與男性而繁衍下來 但粒線體夏娃只能追溯母系一方 圖中圓形為女性 方形為男性 左側數字是世代編號 上方字母是配對編號 配深藍外圈者為粒線體夏娃 由圖可見其他女性也有現存後代 只是她們因為至少有一個世代的後代只有男性 而中斷了粒線體DNA的流傳 粒線體夏娃的生存年代比最近共同祖先更遠古 根據分子鐘估算 約距今14萬年前 1 與她們相對的父系祖先 Y染色體亞當 是生存在不同年代 而如果使用误差较大的估计方法 最近共同祖先可晚近到只生活在3000年前 但这必须假定全球有效参与繁殖的人口为2 5亿 一个种群地区每代有一对迁移者等等 所以这个3000年的估计值只是用来检测评估模型分割种群大小的适合度 并非学者真正的结论 2 粒線體夏娃一詞并不是由原来的研究者阿伦 C 威尔逊所命名 3 4 粒線體夏娃並非是她生存年代時的唯一的女性 而是當時眾多女性的其中一位 而且其他女性同樣也有流傳至今的後代 只是她們至少有一個世代的後代只有男性 故其粒線體DNA未流傳至今 5 除了粒線體夏娃之外 其他女性都不是所有現存人類的最近的母系共同祖先 因為她們的後續世代 至少有一個世代的後代只有男性 因而而中斷了粒線體DNA的流傳 1 6 目录 1 參見 2 參考文獻 3 延伸閱讀 4 外部連結參見 编辑人类粒线体DNA单倍体群 Y染色體亞當 單地起源說參考文獻 编辑 1 0 1 1 Dawkins Richard The Ancestor s Tale A Pilgrimage to the Dawn of Life Boston Houghton Mifflin Company 2004 ISBN 0 618 00583 8 Rohde DLT Olson S Chang JT 2004 Modelling the recent common ancestry of all living humans Nature 431 562 566 Cann R L Stoneking M and Wilson A C 1987 Mitochondrial DNA and human evolution Nature 325 pp 31 36 Online Cann et al 1987 Johnson Darwinian Detectives Revealing the Natural History of Genes and Genomes New York Oxford University Press Inc 2007 92 ISBN 9780195306750 Dawkins Richard River Out of Eden New York Basic Books 1995 ISBN 0 465 06990 8 Rohde DLT On the common ancestors of all living humans 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Submitted to American Journal of Physical Anthropology 2005 Excoffier L and Yang Z Substitution Rate Variation Among Sites in Mitochondrial Hypervariable Region I of Humans and Chimpanzees 1999 Mol Biol Evol 16 pp 1357 1368 Kaessmann H and Paabo S The genetical history of humans and the great apes Journal of Internal Medicine 251 1 18 2002 pubmed延伸閱讀 编辑 Laurence Loewe and Siegfried Scherer Mitochondrial Eve The Plot Thickens Trends in Ecology amp Evolution Vol 12 11 November 1997 p 422 Nicole Maca Meyer Ana M Gonzalez Jose M Larruga Carlos Flores and Vicente M Cabrera 2001 Major genomic mitochondrial lineages delineate early human expansions BMC Genetics Biomed central 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Oppenheimer Stephen The Real Eve Carroll amp Graf September 9 2004 ISBN 0 7867 1334 8 Vigilant L Pennington R Harpending H Kocher T D Wilson A C 1989 Mitochondrial DNA Sequences in Single Hairs from a Southern African Population Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86 pp 9350 9354 Thomas J Parsons et al A High Observed Substitution Rate in the Human Mitochondrial DNA Control Region Nature Genetics Vol 15 April 1997 p 365 Vigilant L Stoneking M Harpending H Hawkes K Wilson A C 1991 African Populations and the Evolution of the Human Mitochondrial DNA Science 253 pp 1503 1507 Pubmed Watson E Forster P Richards M Bandelt H J 1997 Mitochondrial Footprints of Human Expansions in Africa American Journal of Human Genetics 61 691 704 pubmed Spencer Wells The Journey of Man A Genetic Odyssey Princeton University Press January 2003 hardcover 246 pages ISBN 0 691 11532 X外部連結 编辑Krishna Kunchithapadam What if anything is a Mitochondrial Eve 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 a simple explanation Mitochondrial Eve and Y chromosomal Adam Diagrams 人類粒線體DNA單倍體群 最近的共同粒線體祖先 L0 L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 M N CZ D E G Q A I O R S W X YC Z B F pre HV pre JT P UKHV JT U KH V J T 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 粒線體夏娃 amp oldid 73062901, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，
