曼達安教 （現代曼達安語（英语：Neo-Mandaic）：מנדעיותא Mandaʻiūtā； 阿拉伯语：مندائية Mandāʼīyah）是一個諾斯底主義宗教[1]，信仰該教的民族稱作曼達安人，其擁有強烈的二元世界觀，崇敬亞當、亞伯、塞特、以挪士、挪亞、閃姆、亞蘭（英语：Aram, son of Shem）以及視施洗者約翰為最後一位先知，並拒絕承認亞伯拉罕、摩西和耶稣的先知地位。Manda在曼達安語中代表「知識」。[2][3]
^Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen, (PDF), Oxford University Press, 2002 [2016-02-15], ISBN 9780195153859, （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2017-10-11）
^Rudolph, Kurt. Mandaeism. BRILL. 1978: 15 [2016-02-15]. ISBN 9789004052529. （原始内容于2021-01-26）. In some texts, however, it is said that Anoš and Manda ḏHayyē appeared in Jerusalem together with Jesus Christ (Mšiha), and exposed him as a lying prophet. This tradition can be explained by an anti-Christian concept, which is also found in Mandaeism, but, according to several scholars, it contains scarcely any traditions of historical events. Because of the strong dualism in Mandaeism, between body and soul, great attention is paid to the "deliverance" of the soul
^The Light and the Dark: Dualism in ancient Iran, India, and China Petrus Franciscus Maria Fontaine - 1990 "Although it shows Jewish and Christian influences, Mandaeism was hostile to Judaism and Christianity. Mandaeans spoke an East-Aramaic language in which 'manda' means 'knowledge'; this already is sufficient proof of the connection of Mandaeism with the Gnosis...
^Etudes mithriaques 1978 p545 Jacques Duchesne-Guillemin "The conviction of the leading Mandaean scholars – E. S. Drower, Kurt Rudolph, Rudolph Macuch – that Mandaeanism had a pre-Christian origin rests largely upon the subjective evaluation of parallels between Mandaean texts and the Gospel of John."
^Hämeen-Anttila, Jaakko. The Last Pagans of Iraq: Ibn Waḥshiyya and His Nabatean Agriculture. Boston: BRILL. 2006: 11 [2016-02-15]. ISBN 9789004150102. （原始内容于2016-03-07）.
^ 6.06.1"Save the Gnostics" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） by Nathaniel Deutsch, October 6, 2007, New York Times.
曼達安教, 現代曼達安語, 英语, mandaic, מנדעיותא, mandaʻiūtā, 阿拉伯语, مندائية, mandāʼīyah, 是一個諾斯底主義宗教, 信仰該教的民族稱作曼達安人, 其擁有強烈的二元世界觀, 崇敬亞當, 亞伯, 塞特, 以挪士, 挪亞, 閃姆, 亞蘭, 英语, aram, shem, 以及視施洗者約翰為最後一位先知, 並拒絕承認亞伯拉罕, 摩西和耶稣的先知地位, manda在曼達安語中代表, 知識, ࡌࡀࡍࡃࡀࡉࡉࡀ阿拉伯语版的, 琴扎, 拉巴, 類別民族宗教宗派諾斯底主義里. 曼達安教 現代曼達安語 英语 Neo Mandaic מנדעיותא Mandaʻiuta 阿拉伯语 مندائية Mandaʼiyah 是一個諾斯底主義宗教 1 信仰該教的民族稱作曼達安人 其擁有強烈的二元世界觀 崇敬亞當 亞伯 塞特 以挪士 挪亞 閃姆 亞蘭 英语 Aram son of Shem 以及視施洗者約翰為最後一位先知 並拒絕承認亞伯拉罕 摩西和耶稣的先知地位 Manda在曼達安語中代表 知識 2 3 曼達安教ࡌࡀࡍࡃࡀࡉࡉࡀ阿拉伯语版的 琴扎 拉巴 類別民族宗教宗派諾斯底主義里沙马 英语 Rishama Sattar Jabbar Hilo 英语 Sattar Jabbar Hilo 區域伊拉克 伊朗起源1世纪 巴勒斯坦地区 目录 1 歷史 2 分布 3 参考文献 4 參閲 5 外部連結歷史 编辑 nbsp 曼达安教十字架大多數的學者都認為曼達安教歷史早於基督教 不過也有部分學者認為曼達安出現時間晚於基督教創立 4 曼達安人在西元一世紀時從南黎凡特遷徙至美索不達米亞 他們是閃族人 使用東部亞拉姆語的其中一支方言曼達安語 他們的起源可能與納巴泰人有密切關聯 5 部分研究者认为 可蘭經 中提到的拜星教就是现在的曼达安教 分布 编辑在2003年美軍入侵伊拉克之前 曼達安人主要居住在伊拉克 6 以及部分在伊朗 美軍佔領伊拉克後 許多伊斯蘭極端團體的暴力攻擊使得曼達安人逃離伊拉克 7 至2007年伊拉克僅剩約5 000人 6 逃離的曼達安人主要是遷往伊朗和伊拉克北部 小部分移民至敘利亞 約旦 也有部分獲得難民庇護至瑞典 澳洲和美國等西方國家 目前全球約有 60 000至70 000名曼達安人 8 参考文献 编辑 Buckley Jorunn Jacobsen The Mandaeans ancient texts and modern people PDF Oxford University Press 2002 2016 02 15 ISBN 9780195153859 原始内容 PDF 存档于2017 10 11 Rudolph Kurt Mandaeism BRILL 1978 15 2016 02 15 ISBN 9789004052529 原始内容存档于2021 01 26 In some texts however it is said that Anos and Manda ḏHayye appeared in Jerusalem together with Jesus Christ Msiha and exposed him as a lying prophet This tradition can be explained by an anti Christian concept which is also found in Mandaeism but according to several scholars it contains scarcely any traditions of historical events Because of the strong dualism in Mandaeism between body and soul great attention is paid to the deliverance of the soul The Light and the Dark Dualism in ancient Iran India and China Petrus Franciscus Maria Fontaine 1990 Although it shows Jewish and Christian influences Mandaeism was hostile to Judaism and Christianity Mandaeans spoke an East Aramaic language in which manda means knowledge this already is sufficient proof of the connection of Mandaeism with the Gnosis Etudes mithriaques 1978 p545 Jacques Duchesne Guillemin The conviction of the leading Mandaean scholars E S Drower Kurt Rudolph Rudolph Macuch that Mandaeanism had a pre Christian origin rests largely upon the subjective evaluation of parallels between Mandaean texts and the Gospel of John Hameen Anttila Jaakko The Last Pagans of Iraq Ibn Waḥshiyya and His Nabatean Agriculture Boston BRILL 2006 11 2016 02 15 ISBN 9789004150102 原始内容存档于2016 03 07 6 0 6 1 Save the Gnostics 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 by Nathaniel Deutsch October 6 2007 New York Times Iraq s Mandaeans face extinction 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Angus Crawford BBC March 4 2007 Iraqi minority group needs U S attention 互联网档案馆的存檔 存档日期2007 10 25 Kai Thaler Yale Daily News March 9 2007 參閲 编辑曼達語字母 英语 Mandaic alphabet 曼達語 英语 Mandaic language 外部連結 编辑曼達安聯盟 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 統整全球曼達安人事務的國際組織 提供英語與阿拉伯語資訊 The Worlds of Mandaean Priests 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 University of Exeter 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 曼達安教 amp oldid 79744185, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，
