Discovered alcohol (ethanol) in its pure form, the first to produce 酸 such as 硫酸, writing up limited or extensive notes on diseases such as 天花 and 水痘, a pioneer in 眼科学, author of first book on pediatrics, making leading contributions in 无机化合物 and 有机化学, also the author of several philosophical works
^ 2.02.1Iskandar, Albert. Al-Rāzī. Encyclopaedia of the history of science, technology, and medicine in non-western cultures 2nd. Springer: 155–156. 2006.
擴展閱讀
第一手文獻
拉齊所作
Arberry, A.J. The Spiritual Physick of Rhazes (PDF). The Wisdom of the East Series. The Liberty Fund. 1950 [2014-10-19]. （原始内容 (PDF)于2019-01-28）.
See C. Brockelmann（英语：C. Brockelmann） for the manuscript of Razi's extant books in general, see Brockelmann, GAL, I, pp. 268–71 (second edition), Suppl., Vol. I, pp. 418–21.
Paul Kraus, Abi Bakr Mohammadi Filii Zachariae Raghensis: Opera Philosophica, fragmentaque quae superssunt. Pars Prior. Cairo 1939. Note: this is the only edition of Al-Razi's philosophical books and fragments still extant. Only the first volume was published since Kraus's suicide prevented the publication of the second volume for which he already had gathered a great amount of material. This material was transferred, after his death, to the Institut Francais d'Archeologie Orientale, in Cairo; it still remains to be published. [來源請求]
Abdul Latif Muhammad al-Abd. Al-ṭibb al-rūḥānī li Abū Bakr al-Rāzī. Cairo: Maktabat al-Nahḍa al-Miṣriyya. 1978.
他人所作
Ibn Al-Nadim, Fihrist, (ed. Flugel), pp. 299 et sqq.
Sa'id al-Andalusi（英语：Said Al-Andalusi）, Tabaqat al-Umam, p. 33
Ibn Juljul, Tabaqat al-Atibba w-al-Hukama, (ed. Fu'ad Sayyid), Cairo, 1355/1936, pp. 77–78
J. Ruska, Al-Biruni als Quelle fur das Leben und die Schriften al-Razi's, Isis, Vol. V, 1924, pp. 26–50.
Al-Biruni, Epitre de Beruni, contenant le repertoire des ouvres de Muhammad ibn Zakariya ar-Razi, publiee par P. Kraus, Paris, 1936
Al-Baihaqi, Tatimmah Siwan al-Hikma, (ed. M. Ghafi), Lahore, 1351/1932
Al-Qifti,Tarikh al-Hukama, (ed. Lippert), pp. 27–177
Ibn Abi Usaibi'ah,Uyun al-Anba fi Tabaqat al-Atibba, Vol. I, pp. 309–21
Abu Al-Faraj ibn al-'Ibri (Bar-Hebraeus),Mukhtasar Tarikh al-Duwal, (ed. A. Salhani), p. 291
Ibn Khallikan（英语：Ibn Khallikan）, Wafayat al-A'yan, (ed. Muhyi al-Din 'Abd al-Hamid), Cairo, 1948, No. 678, pp. 244–47
Al-Safadi, Nakt al-Himyan, pp. 249–50
Ibn Al-'Imad, Shadharat al-Dhahab, Vol. II, p. 263
Al-'Umari, Masalik al-Absar, Vol. V, Part 2, ff. 301-03 (photostat copy in Dar al-Kutub al-Misriyyah).
第二手文獻
G. S. A. Ranking, The Life and Works of Rhazes, in Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Congress of Medicine, London, 1913, pp. 237–68.
Al-Razi als Bahnbrecher einer neuer Chemie, Deutsche Literaturzeitung, 1923, pp. 118–24.
Die Alchemie al-Razi's der Islam, Vol. XXII,pp. 283–319.
Uber den gegenwartigen Stand der Razi-Forschung, Archivio di stori della scienza, 1924, Vol. V, pp. 335–47
H. H. Shader, ZDMG, 79, pp. 228–35 (see translation into Arabic by Abdurrahman Badawi（英语：Abdurrahman Badawi） in al-Insan al-Kamil,Islamica, Vol. XI, Cairo, 1950, pp. 37–44).
E. O. von Lippmann, Entstehung und Ausbreitung der Alchemie, Vol. II, p. 181.
S. Pines, Die Atomenlehre ar-Razi's in Beitrage zur islamischen Atomenlehre, Berlin, 1936, pp. 34–93.
Dr. Mahmud al-Najmabadi, Shah Hal Muhammad ibn Zakariya, (1318/1900)
Gamil Bek, Uqud al-Jauliar, Vol. I, pp. 118–27.
Izmirli Haqqi, Ilahiyat, Fak. Macm., Vol. I, p. 151; Vol. II, p. 36, Vol. III, pp. 177 et seq.
Abdurrahman Badawi（英语：Abdurrahman Badawi）, Min Tarlkh al-Ilhad fi al-Islam Islamica, Vol. II, Cairo, 1945, pp. 198–228.
Hirschberg,Geschichte der Augenheilkunde, p. 101.
E. G.Browne, Arabian Medicine, Cambridge, 1921, pp. 44–53.
M. Meyerhof, Legacy of Islam, pp. 323 et seq.
F. Wüstenfeld（英语：F. Wüstenfeld）, Geschichte der Arabischen Arzte und Naturforscher, ftn. 98.
L. Leelerc, Histoire de la medicine arabe, Paris, 1876, Vol. I, pp. 337–54.
H. P. J. Renaud, A propos du millenaire de Razes, in bulletin de la Societe Irancaise d'Histoire de la medicine, Mars-avril, 1931, pp. 203 et seq.
A. Eisen, Kimiya al-Razi, RAAD, DIB, 62/4.
Aldo Mieli, La science arabe, Leiden, 1938, pp. 8, 16.
Nasr, Science and Civilization in Islam, see. Razes: The Secret of Secrets, p. 273, also pp. 197–200, and Anawati: L'Alchemie arabe in Rased.
Browne, Edward Granville. Islamic Medicine. Goodword Books Pvt. Ltd. 2001. ISBN 81-87570-19-9.
M. M. Sharif（英语：M. M. Sharif）, A History of Muslim Philosophy
Walker, P. "The Political Implications of al-Razi's Philosophy", in C. Butterworth (ed.) The Political Aspects of Islamic Philosophy, Cambridge, MA: 哈佛大学出版社, 61-94.(1992)
Motazed, K. Mohammad Zakaria Razi
百科全書
Richter-Bernburg, Lutz. AL-ḤĀWI. Encyclopaedia Iranica 1. ISBN 0-933273-54-1. （原始内容于2021-01-13）.
Google Books Search （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, "Doubt: A History" p. 229
"Lives of the Physicians" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, dating from 1882, features a biography, in Arabic, about Rhazes.
五月 06, 2023
拉齐, 此條目需要擴充, 2014年10月19日, 请協助改善这篇條目, 更進一步的信息可能會在討論頁或扩充请求中找到, 请在擴充條目後將此模板移除, 波斯語, ابوبكر, محم, زکرياى, رازى, abūbakr, mohammad, zakariā, rāzī, 865年8月26日, 925年, 波斯医师, 炼金术师, 化学家, 哲学家, 他博学多才, 为早期医学, 化学, 音乐和哲学领域做出很大贡献, 医学方面, 他发现天花与麻疹是两种不同的疾病, 并最早阐明了过敏和免疫的原理, 化学上, 他. 此條目需要擴充 2014年10月19日 请協助改善这篇條目 更進一步的信息可能會在討論頁或扩充请求中找到 请在擴充條目後將此模板移除 拉齐 波斯語 ابوبكر محم د زکرياى رازى Abubakr Mohammad e Zakaria ye Razi 865年8月26日 925年 波斯医师 炼金术师 化学家 哲学家 他博学多才 为早期医学 化学 音乐和哲学领域做出很大贡献 医学方面 他发现天花与麻疹是两种不同的疾病 并最早阐明了过敏和免疫的原理 化学上 他发现乙醇 并认为元素嬗变为金银是可能的 他创立了完善的蒸馏和提取方法 并通过蒸馏绿矾 油 和石油 分别发现硫酸和煤油 一生著有200部书籍和文章 记载了他在各领域的探索 Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakaria al Razi出生854 CE 1 波斯雷伊 2 逝世932或925 CE 2 波斯雷伊时代伊斯蘭黃金時代地区伊斯兰哲学学派Persian science 英语 Persian science Islamic medicine 英语 Islamic medicine 主要领域化學 医学 哲学著名思想Discovered alcohol ethanol in its pure form the first to produce 酸 such as 硫酸 writing up limited or extensive notes on diseases such as 天花 and 水痘 a pioneer in 眼科学 author of first book on pediatrics making leading contributions in 无机化合物 and 有机化学 also the author of several philosophical works 目录 1 参考文獻 2 擴展閱讀 2 1 第一手文獻 2 1 1 拉齊所作 2 1 2 他人所作 2 2 第二手文獻 2 2 1 百科全書 3 外部連結参考文獻 编辑 Pathfinders The Golden Age of Arabic Science ISBN 978 1 84614 161 4 2 0 2 1 Iskandar Albert Al Razi Encyclopaedia of the history of science technology and medicine in non western cultures 2nd Springer 155 156 2006 擴展閱讀 编辑第一手文獻 编辑 拉齊所作 编辑 Arberry A J The Spiritual Physick of Rhazes PDF The Wisdom of the East Series The Liberty Fund 1950 2014 10 19 原始内容存档 PDF 于2019 01 28 See C Brockelmann 英语 C Brockelmann for the manuscript of Razi s extant books in general see Brockelmann GAL I pp 268 71 second edition Suppl Vol I pp 418 21 Paul Kraus Abi Bakr Mohammadi Filii Zachariae Raghensis Opera Philosophica fragmentaque quae superssunt Pars Prior Cairo 1939 Note this is the only edition of Al Razi s philosophical books and fragments still extant Only the first volume was published since Kraus s suicide prevented the publication of the second volume for which he already had gathered a great amount of material This material was transferred after his death to the Institut Francais d Archeologie Orientale in Cairo it still remains to be published 來源請求 Abdul Latif Muhammad al Abd Al ṭibb al ruḥani li Abu Bakr al Razi Cairo Maktabat al Nahḍa al Miṣriyya 1978 他人所作 编辑 Ibn Al Nadim Fihrist ed Flugel pp 299 et sqq Sa id al Andalusi 英语 Said Al Andalusi Tabaqat al Umam p 33 Ibn Juljul Tabaqat al Atibba w al Hukama ed Fu ad Sayyid Cairo 1355 1936 pp 77 78 J Ruska Al Biruni als Quelle fur das Leben und die Schriften al Razi s Isis Vol V 1924 pp 26 50 Al Biruni Epitre de Beruni contenant le repertoire des ouvres de Muhammad ibn Zakariya ar Razi publiee par P Kraus Paris 1936 Al Baihaqi Tatimmah Siwan al Hikma ed M Ghafi Lahore 1351 1932 Al Qifti Tarikh al Hukama ed Lippert pp 27 177 Ibn Abi Usaibi ah Uyun al Anba fi Tabaqat al Atibba Vol I pp 309 21 Abu Al Faraj ibn al Ibri Bar Hebraeus Mukhtasar Tarikh al Duwal ed A Salhani p 291 Ibn Khallikan 英语 Ibn Khallikan Wafayat al A yan ed Muhyi al Din Abd al Hamid Cairo 1948 No 678 pp 244 47 Al Safadi Nakt al Himyan pp 249 50 Ibn Al Imad Shadharat al Dhahab Vol II p 263 Al Umari Masalik al Absar Vol V Part 2 ff 301 03 photostat copy in Dar al Kutub al Misriyyah 第二手文獻 编辑 G S A Ranking The Life and Works of Rhazes in Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Congress of Medicine London 1913 pp 237 68 Al Razi als Bahnbrecher einer neuer Chemie Deutsche Literaturzeitung 1923 pp 118 24 Die Alchemie al Razi s der Islam Vol XXII pp 283 319 Uber den gegenwartigen Stand der Razi Forschung Archivio di stori della scienza 1924 Vol V pp 335 47 H H Shader ZDMG 79 pp 228 35 see translation into Arabic by Abdurrahman Badawi 英语 Abdurrahman Badawi in al Insan al Kamil Islamica Vol XI Cairo 1950 pp 37 44 E O von Lippmann Entstehung und Ausbreitung der Alchemie Vol II p 181 S Pines Die Atomenlehre ar Razi s in Beitrage zur islamischen Atomenlehre Berlin 1936 pp 34 93 Dr Mahmud al Najmabadi Shah Hal Muhammad ibn Zakariya 1318 1900 Gamil Bek Uqud al Jauliar Vol I pp 118 27 Izmirli Haqqi Ilahiyat Fak Macm Vol I p 151 Vol II p 36 Vol III pp 177 et seq Abdurrahman Badawi 英语 Abdurrahman Badawi Min Tarlkh al Ilhad fi al Islam Islamica Vol II Cairo 1945 pp 198 228 Hirschberg Geschichte der Augenheilkunde p 101 E G Browne Arabian Medicine Cambridge 1921 pp 44 53 M Meyerhof Legacy of Islam pp 323 et seq F Wustenfeld 英语 F Wustenfeld Geschichte der Arabischen Arzte und Naturforscher ftn 98 L Leelerc Histoire de la medicine arabe Paris 1876 Vol I pp 337 54 H P J Renaud A propos du millenaire de Razes in bulletin de la Societe Irancaise d Histoire de la medicine Mars avril 1931 pp 203 et seq A Eisen Kimiya al Razi RAAD DIB 62 4 Aldo Mieli La science arabe Leiden 1938 pp 8 16 Nasr Science and Civilization in Islam see Razes The Secret of Secrets p 273 also pp 197 200 and Anawati L Alchemie arabe in Rased Browne Edward Granville Islamic Medicine Goodword Books Pvt Ltd 2001 ISBN 81 87570 19 9 M M Sharif 英语 M M Sharif A History of Muslim Philosophy Walker P The Political Implications of al Razi s Philosophy in C Butterworth ed The Political Aspects of Islamic Philosophy Cambridge MA 哈佛大学出版社 61 94 1992 Motazed K Mohammad Zakaria Razi百科全書 编辑 Richter Bernburg Lutz AL ḤAWI Encyclopaedia Iranica 1 ISBN 0 933273 54 1 原始内容存档于2021 01 13 Encyclopaedie des Islams s v by Ruska 外部連結 编辑维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源 拉齐al Razi on Islamic Philosophy Online 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 encyclopedic article about al Razi by the foremost academic expert Paul E Walker Levity com 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Payvand com 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Google Books Search 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 Doubt A History p 229 Lives of the Physicians 页面存档备份 存于互联网档案馆 dating from 1882 features a biography in Arabic about Rhazes 取自 https zh wikipedia org w index php title 拉齐 amp oldid 69153811, 维基百科，wiki，书籍，书籍，图书馆，
