^ 1.01.1The Interior of Jupiter, Guillot et al., in Jupiter: The Planet, Satellites and Magnetosphere, Bagenal et al., editors, Cambridge University Press, 2004
^D'Angelo, G.; Durisen, R. H.; Lissauer, J. J. Giant Planet Formation. S. Seager. (编). Exoplanets. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ. 2011: 319–346 [2015-07-02]. Bibcode:2011exop.book..319D. arXiv:1006.5486. (原始内容于2015-06-30).
^ 3.03.1Seager, S.; Kuchner, M.; Hier-Majumder, C. A.; Militzer, B. Mass-Radius Relationships for Solid Exoplanets. The Astrophysical Journal. 2007, 669 (2): 1279–1297. Bibcode:2007ApJ...669.1279S. arXiv:0707.2895. doi:10.1086/521346.
^Patrick G. J. Irwin. Giant Planets of Our Solar System: Atmospheres, Composition, and Structure. Springer. 2003. ISBN 3-540-00681-8.
^Feng Tian; Toon, Owen B.; Pavlov, Alexander A.; De Sterck, H. Transonic hydrodynamic escape of hydrogen from extrasolar planetary atmospheres. The Astrophysical Journal. March 10, 2005, 621: 1049–1060. Bibcode:2005ApJ...621.1049T. doi:10.1086/427204. CiteSeerX: 10.1.1.122.9085.
^Mass-radius relationships for exoplanets, Damian C. Swift, Jon Eggert, Damien G. Hicks, Sebastien Hamel, Kyle Caspersen, Eric Schwegler, and Gilbert W. Collins
^Three regimes of extrasolar planets inferred from host star metallicities (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Buchhave et al.
^Earth-mass exoplanet is no Earth twin – Gaseous planet challenges assumption that Earth-mass planets should be rocky. [2015-07-02]. (原始内容于2014-01-07).
^*Mass-Radius Relationships for Very Low Mass Gaseous Planets (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Konstantin Batygin, David J. Stevenson, 18 Apr 2013